中小学英语 非谓语动词要点精讲ppt课件

1、Non-infinitiveNon-infinitive(非谓语动词非谓语动词)1.1.选用正确的非谓语动词的方式选用正确的非谓语动词的方式不定式不定式, , 动词的动词的VingVing方式方式, ,过去分词。过去分词。思索两方面：思索两方面： a. a.非谓语动词在句中充任的成分非谓语动词在句中充任的成分 b. b.谓语动词或谓语动词短语的习惯上谓语动词或谓语动词短语的习惯上 的用法，即的用法，即+todo/doing;+todo/doing;接宾补接宾补 sb./sth.(to)do/doing/done sb./sth.(to)do/doing/done解题思绪：解题思绪：2.2.正确

2、运用非谓语动词的时态：正确运用非谓语动词的时态： 比较谓语与非谓语动作发生的时间。比较谓语与非谓语动作发生的时间。3.3.正确运用非谓语动词的语态：正确运用非谓语动词的语态： a. a.首先了解语义首先了解语义 b. b.非谓语动词与相关句子成分的关系非谓语动词与相关句子成分的关系, ,如：如： 作定语作定语与主语及所饰名词与主语及所饰名词 作状语作状语与主语与主语 作宾补作宾补与宾语与宾语4.4.非谓语动词在某些复合构造和非谓语动词在某些复合构造和 分词独立构造的用法。分词独立构造的用法。a.a.不定式的复合构造：不定式的复合构造：for/of sb. to dofor/of sb. to

3、dob.b.动名词的复合构造：动名词的复合构造：sb.sb.s doings doingc.withc.with复合构造：复合构造：with +n.+doing/done/to dowith +n.+doing/done/to dod.d.分词独立构造：分词独立构造：n./pron+n./pron+如今分词如今分词VingVing的各种方式的各种方式 当分词短语有它本人的主语时。当分词短语有它本人的主语时。Eg.Eg.a.There is a lot of work for me to do.a.There is a lot of work for me to do.b.Would you m

4、ind Tom(b.Would you mind Tom(s) opening the doors) opening the doorc.He went to the cave with the candle burning.c.He went to the cave with the candle burning.d.The problem having been settled,we went home.d.The problem having been settled,we went home.过去分词过去分词不定式不定式V.-ing 方式方式非谓语动词高考题高考题稳定稳定 题题1稳定稳

5、定 题题2不 定 式 的 作 用不 定 式 的 作 用不定式的时态和语态不定式的时态和语态不定式的否认方式不定式的否认方式近几年高考主要调查了不定式做宾语和近几年高考主要调查了不定式做宾语和 表语。此外表语。此外还考了不定式的时态和否认方式。还考了不定式的时态和否认方式。不定式不定式不定式的作用不定式的作用1例1 NMET 2000 第19题Ive worked with children before,so I know what _ in my job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expectsB解析该题调查疑问+不定式在

6、句中做宾语的用法。英语中有一些动词 后可以跟一个疑问词的不定式做宾语，如：tell, discuss, know, show, learn, decide, wonder, explain解析例2 NMET 2019 第21题The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make.B不定式不定式不定式的作用不定式的作用1由于主语是由于主语是the purpose，在，在purpose,

7、wish, promise, plan后常跟不定式，故表语要用后常跟不定式，故表语要用不定式，不定式，to不能省略，因此构成不能省略，因此构成the purpose is tonot todo 句型，应选句型，应选B 。不定式的时态和语态不定式的时态和语态2例例3 NMET 2019第第12题题I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. having gone C. going D. to have goneD不定式不定式解析 该题调查动

8、词不定式做宾语的该题调查动词不定式做宾语的 用法。用法。would love(like) to 是固定搭配，因此是固定搭配，因此B、C、不合题、不合题意。意。Would love +不定式普通式，表示不定式普通式，表示“想，希想，希望，而接不定式完成式那么表示望，而接不定式完成式那么表示“本来希望本来希望而未曾实现的意思。而未曾实现的意思。例例4 NMET 2019 第第14题题Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. (2019

9、) A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen 例如：例如：It was the first such project to be designed by Chinese engineers. The question to be discussed at the next meeting will be rather difficult. 解析B 不定式的语态取决于它和主语以及被它修饰的词的逻辑关系,被动关系用被动.不定式不定式不定式的否认方式不定式的否认方式3例例5 NMET 2019年年 The patient was warned _ oily

10、food after the operation.The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eatA. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eatC解析 该题调查不定式的否认式作主补。要留意该题调查不定式的否认式作主补。要留意warn后跟词方式，后跟词方式， warn sb. not to do sth. warn sb. against doing sth. 该题应该用构该

11、题应该用构造另外，造另外，not 应放在应放在to之前。之前。 在大多数的动词可接不定式短语做宾补，只在大多数的动词可接不定式短语做宾补，只需少数动词五个看需少数动词五个看see,watch,notice, observe,look at；三使役；三使役make,let, have;二听二听listen to,hear;一感一感feel ;半帮半帮help等须接不带等须接不带to 的不的不定式做宾补。但变被动时要加定式做宾补。但变被动时要加 to1.作状语2.作定语3.作表语4.作补语过去分词过去分词过去分词 过去分词主要调查其在句中作状语、定语、表语和补语的用法。1.作状语例例1 NMET2

12、019第第23题题_ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To loseC解析1.该题调查过去分词作状语的用法。动词该题调查过去分词作状语的用法。动词-ing或过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语应是主语。或过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语应是主语。2.“堕入沉思有两种表达法，堕入沉思有两种表达法， A.Lose oneself in thought B.be lost in thought,按句子提供的按句子提供的语境可用构造语境可用构造B.过去分词过去分词2.作定

13、语例例2 NMET2019第第17题题The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playingA解析 过去过去 分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成。过去分词表示的动作已完成。 如今分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是如今分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。主谓关系。 不定式作定语

14、表示将要发生的动作。不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。所以所以A是正确的。是正确的。First played in 776B.C.=which was first played in 776 B.C.过去分词过去分词3.作表语例例3 NMET2019第第23题题Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to payC解析该题调查分词作表语的用法。该题调查分词作表语的用法。“to pay sb. by the hour 计时给某人报酬。此题被计时给某人报酬。此题被动构造作表

15、语。类似的有：动构造作表语。类似的有：get burnt, get hurt , get wounded.过去分词过去分词4.作补语解析该题调查过去分词作宾语补足语的用该题调查过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。法。the plan 与与carry out 的关系是被的关系是被动关系。动关系。see sth.done 这构造常见的还这构造常见的还有有watch(notice, observe,have 和和make)sth. done.例例4 NMET2000第第22题题The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the

16、next year.A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry outCV.-ing 方式方式v.-ing 方式主要调查其在句子中作定语和状语的用法例例 NMET2019 European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to makeA解析解析Making it the popular sport in the world为如今分词短语作结果状

17、语，这类分词短语常放在句子的后面,ing表示顺其自然，不定式表示忽然，出乎预料。如：His parents died, leaving him an orphan.He rushed to the post office only to find it was closed 1. Friendship is like money：easier made than _ (03上海春) Akept Bto be kept Ckeeping Dbeing kept 2. _ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragementAThe

18、 president will attend BThe president to attend (03上海春) CThe president attended DThe presidents attending 3. Unless _ to speak，you should remain silent at the conference Ainvited Binviting Cbeing invited Dhaving invited (03上春) 4. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role

19、_ in making the earth a better place to live (03上海春) Ato have played Bto play Cto be played Dto be playing ADAB5. How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden? (MET93 17) A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking 6. _ down the radio - the babys asleep in the next room. (MET93 24) A. Turning B

20、. To turn C. Turned D. Turn 7. Charles Babbage is generally considered _ the first computer. (MET93 34) A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented 8. -I must apologize for _ ahead of time. -Thats all right. (MET94 21) A. letting you not know B. not letting you know C. letting y

21、ou know not D. letting not you know9. Rather than _ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ a bicycle. (NMET94 22) A. ride; ride B. riding; ride C. ride; to ride D. to ride; riding 10. The missing boys were last seen _ near the river.(NMET94 25) A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 11. The f

22、irst textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. (NMET94 34)A.having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 12. -You were brave enough to raised objections at the meeting. -Well, now I regret _ that. (NMET95 26) A. to do b. to be doing C. to hav

23、e done D. having done 13. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him_. (NMET95 35) A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 14. -What do you think made Mary so upset? -_ her new bicycle. (97上海 13) A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing 15. She ca

24、nt help _ the house because shes busy making a cake. (97 上海12) A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned 16. She looks forward every spring to _ the flower-lined garden. (95 上海20) A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking in 17. While shopping, people sometime cant help _ into buyin

25、g something they dont really need. (96上海14) A. to pursue B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded 18. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult. (NMET99 21) A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 19. A computer does only what thinking people

26、 _. (99上海19) A. have it do B. have it done C. have done it D. having it done20. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door _ “Sorry to miss you; will call later. (NMET99 25) A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading5.Mrs.Smith warned her husband_after drinking again and again.A.never to dr

27、ive B.to never drive C.never driving D.never drive6. To master a foreign language,_.A. a lot of practice is needed B. it needs a lot of practice C. practice is in need of D. one needs a lot of practice 4.Our father often told us in the past that _is believing.A.to see B.seeing C.see D.to be seen1.He

28、 gave us some advice on how_ English.A.learning B. learned C. to learn D. learn2. It s a pay day，and they are waiting_.A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to be paid3. - A letter may be too slow. - Why not _ a telegram.A.try sending B.try to send C.to try sending D.trying to send稳定练习稳定练习C CDABAD_ late in th

29、e morning , Bob turned off the alarm.To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept (2019春季高考春季高考 第第21题题) 2 _ a letter from her parents, Lily is now lookingforward to _ from them.Having not received; hear B. Not received; hearC. Not having received; hearing D. Receiving not; hearingV. +ing phrases :

30、appreciate; avoid; cant help; consider; enjoy; escape; finish; give up; imagine; insist on; keep(on); mind;miss devote oneself to; pay attention to; be used to; get down toC1._is a good of exercise for both the young and the old.A.The walk B.Walking C.To walk D.Walk2.When and where t o bu i ld t he

31、ne w pow e r station_yet.A.is not decided B.are not decided C.has not decided D.have not decided3.Is_necessary to change trains at Beijing?A. thisB. thatC. itD. he4.Our father often told us in the past that _is believing.A.to see B.seeing C.see D.to be seen5.She pretended_the letter I wrote the day

32、before yesterday.A.not to receive B.not receiving C.not to hear from D.having not received6.I cant imagine_that with such a famous author.A.work B.to work C.to be working D.workingNon-infinitive 7.She reached the top of the hill and stopped_on a big rock by the side of the path. A.to have rested B.r

33、esting C.to rest D.rest8.Do you consider_any good attempting many scientific experiments? A.there B.it C.this D.that9.Im thirsty. Would you please give me something_. A.drunk B.to drink C.to be drunk D.for drinking10.There was a terrible noise_the sudden burst of light. A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed11Mrs.Smith warned her husband_afte