KarlMarx完美版

1、Unit 21 Karl Marx一、教学目标与要求通过本单元教学，使学生进一步掌握过去完成时的用法，并复习一般过去时 态。通过学习马克思如何学习外语来了解外语学习的重要性及这位伟人极富顽强 毅力的一面，学习这位伟人的科学精神。学生能够用自己的语言，描述有关马克 思生平的一些情况和学习的务实态度，并从中受到教育和启发。二、教学重点与难点1 .重点词?匚 force ； rapid ； praise ； encourage ； have a talk with ；comeacross； makeprogress； before long ； move on； keep on (doing som

2、ething )； translateinto2 .重要句型 1) In 1849 , he went to England and made London the base for his revo lutionary work . 2) He made such rapid progress that before long he began to write articles inEnglish for an American newspaper. 3)His English was so good that Engels wrote him a let ter and praised

3、him for it . 4) He found it important to study the situation in Russia.3 .语法 掌握过去完成时的用法；复习一般过去时：1) Marx had learnt some Englishbefore he got to England . 2) After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve hisEnglish . 3) When all his money had gone , Marx had to leave his house in London .4

4、 .日常交际用语 谈论语言学习(Talking about language study ) : 1) How are you get ting on with your English lessons ? 2) Mygrammaris improving , but I find idioms and usefulexpressions hard to learn . 3) Which do you find easiest /most difficult listening , speaking , reading or writing ? 4) If you have a problem

5、 with. , you should.三、课型（一）对话课I .教具录音机，投影仪。n.课堂教学设计1 .教师通过以下步骤导入本课:向学生提出下列问题：I understand that you all like to learn English and all of you havefound it interesting to learn the English language . Now tell me what you have found hard tolearn in English , listening , speaking , reading or writing ? O

6、r other things like verbs , sen tence structure , spelling and pronunciation ?2 .准备放对话录音。借助投影片打出以下听前提问：1) What does Yang Meifind hardto learn in English ? 2) Whenthe manmet the woodcutter the second time , what was thewoodcutter doing ?放录音一至两遍，请学生回答上述问题， 教师予以必要订正。Key: 1) Yang Mei finds idioms and us

7、eful expressions hard to learn . 2) The woodcutterwas cutting the tree up .根据本课对话内容，教师再提出一些问题，检查学生的理解程度，并对某些 问题展开讨论。1) Yang Mei finds idioms and useful expressions hard to learn . Do you agree ? Pleasegive examples to show why you agree or disagree . 2) Did the man really understand what thewoodcutt

8、er had said ? According to the dialogue , why do you think the man got puzzled aboutthe expression“cutthe tree up" 3 3) What did the woodcutter really meanby saying "I ' mcutting this tree up " 4 4) Why do you think Sara tells this story to Yang Mei?What does hewant to show by usi

9、ng this example ?3 .再次放对话录音，学生跟读。将学生分为两人一组练习对话。数分钟后， 请两、三组同学到前面表演。教师指导学生归纳在本课中有关谈论语言学习的常用语句(见日常交际用语 部分)。为学生设计一些在英语学习上遇到的困难，启发同学运用这部分语言编 出对话。情景 1： Someone has a lot of difficulty in spelling, he just can ' tspell the words correct ly . Sometimes he adds some letters , other times he misses somele

10、tters . He always makesmistakes in spelling and he is very worried . Make a dialogue between this person and hisfriend and try to give him some advice .情景 2： Someone has a lot of difficulty in pronunciation. Though shetries hard , she justcan not pronounce the words correctly . She knows that the te

11、acher on the tape does not readEnglish in the way she does, but shedoes not know how to improve her pronunciation . Make a dialogue and give her some suggestions .经数分钟练习后，教师可请几位同学到前面进行表演，教师予以讲评。4 .要求学生以伐木工为第一人称，讲述这个故事。教师可给出首句：Onedaywhen I wasworking in the woods a stranger passed by .Model:One day w

12、hen I was working in the woods a stranger passed by. He seemed to be inter ested in what I was doing and asked , “ What are you doing ? ” I told him that I was cutting thetree down. The next day when I was cutting the tree into pieces so that I could have somefirewood, the same strangerpassed by aga

13、in , asking methe samequestion . WhenI told himI was cutting the tree up , he couldn ' t understand it and went away , puzzled .当堂要求学生完成，如时间允许，可请几位同学朗读自己的短文，教师予以 讲评。5 .布置作业1）预习第82、83课；2）完成练习册中安排的练习。（二）阅读理解课（I ）I .教具录音机，投影仪。n.课堂教学设计1 .检查生词及短语。2 .教师通过以下提问导入正课：1） What do you already know about Karl

14、 Marx? （注）2） What do you expect to learn about Karl Marx from this unit ?板书学生所提及的内容，最后小结在课文中所出现的学生提及的内容。3 .教师给出读前提问：1） What languages did Marx learn at school ? 2） How old was hewhen he began to learn Russia ?教师给学生数分钟，要求学生快速阅读课文。之后请同学回答上述问题。Key: 1） When he was at school he learned French and English

15、 . 2） When he began tolearn Russia he was already in his fifties.4 .放课文录音，学生跟读一至两遍。教师就课文内容提问，检查学生的理解 程度（可参阅练习册中所列出的问题）5 .教师用投影仪打出以下表格，学生利用课文中所提供的信息填写有关马克 思刻苦学习外语的内容。Say something about how Karl Marx learned foreign languages using the informationfrom the reading passageWhat languages did he learn wh

16、en he was at school ?Something about how he learned EnglishWhy did he want to im-prove his English ?An esample to show thathe had made rapidprogressWhich two things was henot too sure about ?Which of his book waswritten in English ?Something about how he studied RussianWhen did he begin to learn Rus

17、sian ?Why did he want to learn Russian ?What was the result ?His advice on how to learn a foreign language学生先在小组内交流并相互启发、补充，然后请学生在班上交流。6 .布置作业1）根据以上表格，准备讲马克思刻苦学习外语的故事；2）完成练习册中所安排的练习。注：以下关于马克思的背景资料仅供参考，教师决定是否将其压缩并介绍给 学生。Karl Marx was born on May 5, 1818 in Trier , a city in the west ofGermany Heen te

18、red Bonn University in 1835 and went to Berlin University to continue his studies in 1837. In April 1841, he received his doctors degree and in October the next year he became the ed itor of the Rheinische Zeitung published in Cologne , and there he began his attack on the oldsociety . Because of hi

19、s revolutionary activities he was forced to leave his homeland . Hemoved to France and then to Belgium . In April 1848he returned to Cologne with Engels tojoin the revolution directly. Afterthe 1848 revolution failed , he was expelled from Ger many Hewent to Paris , but was soon forced to leave Fran

20、ce. In August 1849, he went toLondon with his family and spent most of the rest of his life there.Marx became one of the leading spirits of the International Working Meri s Association (the first International ) when it was first founded in September 1864 .Together with Engles , Marx published the C

21、ommunist Manifesto in1848. His most im portant theoretical work was Capital . The first volume was published in 1867Marx was not only a great leader but also a man of great talent for languages . He couldread all the leading European languages and write in three : German French and English . Hesaid

22、that a foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life .Marx died on March 14, 1883 in London at the age of 65. After his death , Engels editedhis unpublished writings .阅读理解课（n）i .教具录音机，投影仪。n.课堂教学设计1 .通过提问，温习第一部分课文内容：1) In which country was Karl Marxborn ? 2) Whywas he forced to leave his own c

23、ountry ? 3) Why did he start working hard at English ? 4) Whydid Engels write him a letter ? 5) When did he begin to learn Russian ? 6) Do you rememberthe advice he gave on how to learn a foreign language ? Please give an example .2 .请学生讲马克思刻苦学习外语的故事。3 .准备阅读 More information about Karl Marx 。教师给出读前提

24、问：1) When did he re ceive his doctor ' s degree ? 2) What book did he write together with Engels ?教师给学生数分钟，要求学生快速阅读课文。之后请同学回答上述问题Key: 1) He received his doctor ' s degree in April , 1841. 2) He wrote The CommunistManifesto together with Angels4 .给学生数分钟做第83课所提供的Note making。根据两篇课文所提供的信 息和第课中的N

25、ote making ,学生用自己组织的语言介绍卡尔马克思。补充提示(用投影片打出)：1) When and where was Karl Marx born ? 2) What was hisnative language ? 3) Whendid he receive his doctor ' s degree ? 4) Did he begin writing articlesfor a newspaper or not? 5) What did hewrite about in his articles ? 6) Why was he forced toleave his ho

26、meland when he was young ? 7) What countries did he go to and when did he getto England ? 8) When did he meet Engels and what did they write together ? 9) Was Marxgood at learning foreign languages or not ? 10) Can you give some examples to show howMarx learned foreign languages ?数分钟后，学生在班上交流。教师予以讲评

27、。5 .布置作业1)将两课内容结合，口头描述马克思；2)完成练习册中所安排 的练习。(三)语言训练课I .教具投影仪。n.课堂教学设计1 .教师检查课文复述。2 .教师从本单元词语中选择部分常见词语，配以例句介绍给学生。要求学生 反复练习这些例句，并请同学造句，教师予以讲评订正。词语：of one ' s own； come across ; cut down ； cut up ; make progress ; force ； beforelong ； move on； rapid ； praise ； encourage ； keep on ； tranalateinto；clos

28、e例句：1) The students have opinions of their own. 2) It ' s not necessary for you to lookup in the dictionary every new word you come across while reading .3) Too many trees arebeing cut down in that area . 4) They cut down the tree and cut it up for firewood . 5) Theypractise speaking English whe

29、never possible and so far have mademuch progress . 6) The po lice had to use force when they took him to the police station. 7) I shall finishthe work be fore long . 8) I knew Smith long before I knew you . 9) Afterthree weeks in Hong Kong , wemoved on to Japan . 10) The school promised rapid result

30、s in the teaching of languages. 11) Many people praised himfor his success . 12) The teacher encouraged him to try again . 13) He kept on wiping his eyes with the back of his hands. 14) Could you translatethis sen tence into Chinese? 15) There is a bus stop close to the school .3 .根据本单元所提供的内容，按照下面年代

31、表，简述马克思的一生：1) on May 5th , 18182) in April , 18413) in 18424) during the 1840 ' s5) in 18496) in 18517) in 18538) by 18629) in the 1870 ' s4.书面表达练习专题描写：改进英语学习(教师可根据范文内容，口头为学生提供短文大意。)英文提示(用投影片打出)：1) force oneself to do something ； 2) of one' s own； 3) comeacross； 4) translateinto；5) keep

32、on doing something ；6) before long ； 7) make rapidprogress ; 8) encourage将首句给出： YangMei wanted to improve her English and asked her teacher for advice .七、八分钟后，请几位同学朗读自己的短文，教师予以讲评。Model:Yang Mei wanted to improve her English and asked her teacher for advice . The teachertold her that she should force

33、 herself to do a lot of reading and asked her whether she had agood English Chinese dictionaryof her own . Yang Mei said no and the teacher advised her tobuy one . Yang Mei did so and she chose to do someeasy reading . Whenshe came across anew word, she would try to guess its meaning first . If she

34、failed , she would use her dictio nary . Sometimes she tried to translate the stories into Chinese, but her teacher told her thatit was not mecessary . Yang Mei kipt on reading for some time . Before long , she made rapidprogress , So far , she has read over 150 short stories . She felt greatly enco

35、uraged and shehas decided to read an English novel in the original（原文）.5.布置作业1）预习第22单元；2）完成练习册中安排的练习。四、难句分析1. How are you getting on with your English lessons ?你的英语学得怎 样？Howare yon getting on （with your work/ studies /business , etc . ） ? 是一个常用的交际用语，用来询问对方的生活、工作、学习、生意等的情况。如 果询问生活情况或健康状况，只要用 How are

36、you getting on ?（你生活过得怎 么样？）如果询问工作、学习的进展情况，则在这个问句后加上介词with /in的短语。问句中的谓语动词常用进行时态。例如：How are you getting on in your new job?你的新工作怎么样？How are you getting on with your studies ?你学习得怎样?对于这类问题可以据实回答， 如It ' s getting on well / nicely / badly. （或 I ' m getting onwell / nicely / badly with. ）但是在回答后要

37、说声 “Thank you”表示感谢别人的关怀。get on还有其他许多用法。请看以下例句：She got on her bicycle and rode off .她骑上车子走了。（上车、船等）You can' t get on without money in this world .没有钱在这世上可没法 过。（过日子、生活）We got on together like old friends .我们相处得像老朋友似的。（相处 得好）It ' s getting on . We' d better go home .天太晚了，我们得走了。（时 问）晚了2. My

38、grammaris improving , but I find idioms and useful expressions hard to learn ,我的语法有提高，但我觉得习惯用语和有用的短语很难学。find作“发现”、“发觉”解时，常跟复合结构（即宾语 +宾语补足语）。本 句中的宾语是 idioms and useful expressions , 宾语补足语是 hard to learn , 常用形容词充当宾语补语（如本句的 hard）。复合结构中还可有名词、分词、介词短语等。例如：You' ll find it a difficult book.你会感觉这是一本很难懂的书

39、。（名词）We found the lesson boring .我们觉得这堂课令人厌烦。（现在分词）He found the door closed .他发现门关上了。（过去分词）They found him already in the hands of a doctor .他们发现他已经在医 生的看护下。（介词短语）3. A manwas walking through a wood and he cameacross a woodcutter . 他 走过树林，偶然遇到一位樵夫。come across 的意思是“碰到”。例如：I ' ve just come across a

40、beautiful poem in this book. 我在这本书中发现一首优美的诗。I came across Peter in the street the other day.刃B天我在街上碰巧遇到了彼得。come across还有：“讲得清楚明白”的意思。例如：The professor spoke for a long time but I' m afraid his meaning didnot come across .那教授讲了半天，但我想他没把意思讲明白。4. He made such rapid progress that before long he began

41、 to write articles in English foran American newspaper . 他进步得非常快，不久他就 开始用英文给一家报纸写文章了。suchthat 作“如此以至"解，连接一个表示结束的状语从句。such是形容词，它所修饰的名词可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词； 如果是单数可数名词，前面需要加不定冠词a或an。因此suchthat的句型可分为以下三种：A. such+a （n） （ adj . ） + 单数可数名词 + that clauseHe was such an honest boy that he was praised b

42、y the teacher. 他非常诚实，因而受到老师赞扬。Jimmy made such a noise that his fther got very angry . 吉米大吵大闹, 致使他父亲大发雷霆。B. such (+adj . ) + 复数可数名词 +that clauseHe had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling. 他胳膊很长，几乎能碰到天花板。They are such interesting books that I want to read them once more. 这 些书非常有趣，我想再

43、读一遍。C. such (+adj . ) + 不可数名词+that clauseHe made such progress that he did well in the mid term exam . 他进步很快，期中考试取得了很好的成绩。The firefighter showed such great courage that he was highly praised by the govern ment.这位消防队员表现出极大的勇气，因此受到了政府的高度 赞扬。5. In fact , his English in one of these articles was so good

44、 that Engels wrote him a letterand praised him for it.事实上，那些文章中有一篇他的英文写得很好，恩格斯为此曾写信赞扬他。sothat 也作“如此 以至"解，连接一个表示结果的状语从句。sothat 与suchthat的意思和句法作用相同，但是因为 so (adv.)和such (adj .) 的词类不同，所以sothat 和suchthat 的句子结构也不同。试比较：so+adj . /adv. +that clause(so 后跟形容词或副词)such (a/an) +n. +that clause (such 后跟名词)It

45、was so cold that we did not want to go out . It was such a cold day that we did notwant to go out .天太冷了，我们都不想出去。The play was so interesting that I went to see it several times. /This was such an in teresting play that I went to see it several times .这 个话剧十分有趣，所以我去看过好几次。6. However, he went on to expl

46、ain that he was not too sure about two things : thegrammar and some of the idioms. 不过，他接着说明，在语法和某些习惯用语方面他还是不太有把握。be sure about/of的意思是“确信”、“有把握”，后跟名词、代词，表示 某人对客观事物有肯定的认识和判断。例如：I am sure of his success .我确信他会成功。He lives in this building but I ' m not sure about the room number . 他 住在这栋楼里，但是房间号码我不太清楚。be sure后除了跟about / of介词短语外，还可以跟that /whether /where 等引起的从旬，表示某人“确信/肯定”某事的意思。例如：I am sure (that ) I can run faster then you .我确信我比你跑得快。I ' m not sure where I left my notebook .我不能确定我把笔记本丢在什