英语国家概况课后习题答案解析(完整版)

1、一.选择题（答案在下面）I. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements1 The two main islands of the British Isles are A. Great Britain and IrelandB Great Britain and ScotlandC.Great Britain and WalesD.Great Britain and England2.isthe capitalcity of ScotlandA. BelfastB.EdinburghC Aberdeen

2、D Cardiff3.Accordingto a 2005estimate,Britainnow has a population of overmillionA.160B 600C60D164. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallestA. EnglandB ScotlandC WalesD NorthernIreland5. Almost a quarter of the British population lives in EnglandA northeastern B southeastern C nort

3、hwestern D southwestern6. English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languagesA. CelticB Indo一IranianC GermanicD Roman7. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of words to EnglishA. Danish and FinnishB Dutch and GermanC French and ItalianD Latin and Greek8.

4、The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influenceA. NormanB DutchC GermanD Danish9. Samuel Johnson* s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard formof .A. grammarB handwritingC spellingDpronunciation10. At present, nearly of the world* s population communicate in EnglishA.

5、halfB a quarterC one thirdD one fifth11 The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB DanishC CelticD Germanic12. By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC Germanic ChristianityD Roman Christianity1

6、3. Westminster Abbey was built at the time of A.St. AugustineBEdward theConfessorCWilliam the ConquerorDAlfred theGreat14. The marked the establishment of feudalism in EnglandA.Viking invasionBsigning ofthe MagnaCartaC Norman ConquestD Adoption of common law15. The end of the Wars of the Roses led t

7、o the rule of A the House of ValoisB the House of YorkC the House of TudorD the House of Lancaster16. The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII' s effortto 可复制.编制.期待你的好评与关注!A divorce his wifeB break with RomeC support the ProtestantsD declare his supreme power overthe ch

8、urch17. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A. Protestants and PuritansBRoyalists and ParliamentariansCnobles and peasantsDaristocrats and Christians18. was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsBAct of SupremacyCProvisions of OxfordDMagna Carta19. The Industrial Revolut

9、ion was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th20. Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by thebeginning of the centuryA. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th21 The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of

10、the following branches with the exception of the A. judiciaryB legislatureC monarchy D executive22. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on A. passing the billsB advising the governmentC political partiesD public attitude23. As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is ex

11、pected to the House ofCommonsA. rivalB complementC criticizeD inspect24. British Cabinet works on the principle of .A collective responsibilityB individual responsibilityC defending the collectivismD defending the individuals25. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to A. make decisionsB giv

12、e adviceC pass billsDsupervise the Cabinet26. In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years.A. threeBfourC fiveD six27. has a distinct legal system based on Roman lawA WalesBEnglandC ScotlandD NorthernIreland28. Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a systemA. s

13、ingle-partyB two-partyC three-party Dmulti-party29. The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatismand .A government interventionB nationalization of enterprisesC social reformD a belief in individualism30. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it A. set

14、 up the National Health ServiceBimprovedpublic transportationC abolished the old tax systemD enhanced the economic development31 The British economy achieved global dominance by the A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD. 1890s32. In , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish aA. 1945B. 1946

15、33. The A oil crisisC large imports34. Of the following practices, welfare reformA. reducing child benefits benefits periodC. 1947D. 1948welfare state in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.B high inflation ratesD unemployment problem_ does not belong to Thatcher* s socia

16、lB shortening the unemploymentC reducing the unemploymentD lowering old age pensions35. The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspectsexcept .A. limiting government spendingB keeping inflation under controlC reducing unemploymentD reducing inequality36. Britain has devoted of

17、its land area to agricultureA. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D. 84%37. Britain* s important fishing areas include all the following except A. the North SeaB the English ChannelC The sea area around IrelandD The sea area between Britainand Ireland38. Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed i

18、n thecountryA. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/339. The car industry in Britain in mostly A. foreign-ownedB state-ownedC joint一ventureDprivately-owned40. Of the following sectors in Britain, has experienced spectacular growthsince the end of Word War II.A. agricultureB energy industry C service industry D.manuf

19、acturing industry41 In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the .A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD1960s42 Aboutof British childrenreceive primary andsecondary educationthrough the independent systemA. 5%B6%C. 7%D. 8%4

20、3. Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remaining funds from all the following sources except A tuition feesB lonsC donationsDcorporate contributions44. Of the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britain* suniversitiesA. result in national entra

21、nce testB A-level resultC an interviewD school references45. To be admitted to the Open University, one need .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsD General National VocationalC General Certificate of E due a t i on-Adv anc e dQualifications46. Among Britain* s quality p

22、ress, the following newspapers are regarded as the"Big Three" with the exception of A The TimesB The Guardian C The Observer D The DailyTelegraph47. Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popularamong 500 million viewers worldwideA. featureB dramaC documentary D soap

23、 opera48. is Britain， s top pay television providerA. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB49. Of the following, is NOT a common feature of all the British holidaysA. families getting togetherB friends exchanging good wishesC friends enjoying each other' s companyD families traveling overseas50. The followi

24、ng Christmas traditions are particularly British except A. Trooping the ColorB Queen* s Christmas messageC Boxing DayD Christmas pantomime51 The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is A poetryB dramaC novelDpamphlet52. is viewed as Romantic poetry* s uDeclaration of Independence”

25、A.T Wondered Lonely as a Cloud"B.Don JuanC.°Preface to Lyrical Ballads'*D Prometheus Unbound53.Of Dickens' novels,isconsideredautobiographica1A.A Tale of Two CitiesB.David CopperfieldC.Oliver TwistD.Great Expectations54. is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn o

26、f the 19thcentury.A. Robert Louis StevensonB John MiltonC Joseph ConradD Thomas Hardy55. Of the following statements, is NOT correct in terms ofNeo-RomanticismA It prevailed at the end of the 19th century.B The writers were dissatisfied with the social realityC The writers believed in "Art for

27、Art? s Sake"D Treasure Island was a representative work56. is NOT included in the modernist groupA.Oscar WildBVirginia WoolfC. Wiliam ButlerYeatsD.T. S. Eliot57. Of the following books, was NOT written by Thomas HardyAJude the ObscureBTess of the D -UrbervillesCAdam BedeDThe Return of theNative

28、58. Of the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the °Bloomsbury Group ° B She experimented with stream of consciousnessC She was an influential feministD Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.59. Of the following writers, is NOT a Nobel Prize w

29、innerA Samuel BeckettB James Joyce C William Golding D V. S.Naipaul60. Wai ting for Godot is written by .A. Samuel BeckettB George OrwellC William Golding D D H.Lawrence61 The United States has states on the continentA. 50B. 49C. 48D. 3562. The state ofA. Alaska is the largest in area of all the sta

30、tes.B HawaiiC TexasD Florida63. The IL S lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico tothe south, the Atlantic to its _ and the Pacific to itsA. northern, east, west C southern, west, east64. The largest river in the U S isA the Missouri RiverC the Ohio RiverBD.BD.central, east, westwest

31、ern, east, westthetheMississippi RiverColorado River65 Some of the world famous universities likelocated A. in the SouthOnt ar i o.A. Yellowstone National ParkC Niagara FallsD67. The native Alaskan population includes theA. IndiansB EskimosCB. The Grand CanyonThe Great Salt Lakefollowing except the

32、AleutsD BlacksHarvard, Yale and MIT areB along the Pacific CoastC in New EnglandD in the Midwest66.is located on the U S -Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake68. The largest minority in the United States is the .A Pacific IslandersB BlacksC Native Americans D.Asians69. The Immigrants Act of 19

33、24 restricted the further immigration into the UnitedStates, particularly from A EuropeB AsiaC Africa70. The characteristic of dominant American culture isA.B.C.D.71.English-speaking,English-speaking,English-speaking, English-speaking,D South Americanorthern European, Roman Catholic and middle-class

34、 western European, Roman Catholic and upper-class northern European, Protestant and upper-class western European, Protestant and middle-classThe first successful English colony inin Jamestown, LouisianaJamestown, VirginiaPilgrim Fathers are a group ofin EnglandA. ProtestantsChristians73. The SevenA.

35、 French andC French and74.A.C.75.North America was founded atA.C.72.B PuritansBoston, MassachusettsPlymouth, GeorgiaBDwho came to America to avoid persecutionYears' War occurred between American IndiansBritish"No taxation without representation" the settlers of Virginia the colonists i

36、nThe first shotsNew England of the American War ofB Lexingtonwas held inA. Concord76. In May 1775,of a national governmentA. the First Continental CongressCongressC the Boston Tea Party77. Abraham Lincoln issued A. Declaration of IndependenceC Emancipation Proc1amation78. The policy of the United St

37、ateswars A. neutralityC.theBD.wasCatholicsD.French and SpaniardsBritish and American Indians the rallying slogan of B the people of Pennsylvania the people of the 13 coloniesDIndependence were fired in .C Philadelphia D BostonPhiladelphia and began to assume the functionsB the Second ContinentalD th

38、e Congress of Confederation to grant freedom to all slaves Constitution Bill of Rights at the beginning of the two worldwasB full involvementB.D.C partial involvement D.appeasement79. President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the GreatDepressionA. WilsonB TrumanC Roosevelt80. The Vietn

39、am War was a long-time sufferingfor Americans,D Kennedy and it continuedthroughout the terms of Presidents A. Johnson, Nixon and FordC Kennedy, Johnson and NixonB Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyD Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson81 The U S Constitution came into effect in A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 179382

40、. The Constitution of the United States .A gives the most power to CongressB gives the most power to the PresidentC tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD gives the most power to the Supreme Court83. The Bill of Rights A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the Pr

41、esidentB guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD has no relationship with the Constitution84. The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of RightsA. freedom of religionB the right to get into people' s hou

42、se by policeC freedom of speech and of pressD the right to own one' s weapon if one wishes85. All the following except cannot make legislative proposa1A. the SenatorB the RepresentativeC the Secretary of StateD the President86. The following except are all powers of the PresidentA. vetoing any b

43、ills passed by CongressB appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC making lawsD issuing executive orders87. According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be A. at least 35 years oldB at least a 14 years' resident of the United StatesC born in AmericaD all of the above88. Th

44、e terms for a Senator and Representative are and yearsrespectively.A. two, fourB two, threeC two, sixD six, two89. The Supreme Court is composed of justicesA. sixB sevenC eightD nine90. The President is directly voted into office by A all citizens of AmericaB the citizens over 18 years oldC electors

45、 elected by the votersD the senators andrepresentatives91 America produces a major portion of the world' s products in the following fields except .A. machineryB automobilesC oreD chemicals92. The modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually,to .A. colonial economy, handcraft econ

46、omy, industrial economyB farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy93. Chartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB economic rig

47、htsC judicial authorityD diplomatic authority94. The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urgeof A. George WashingtonB Thomas JeffersonC Andrew JacksonD Alexander Hamilton95. The following inventions took place during the usecond industrial revolution"except A. type

48、writerB telephoneC electric lightDrefrigerator96. President Johnson tried to build a uGreat Society by introducing variousA.programs like the following exceptMedicareB Food StampsC.EducationInitiativesD Unemployment Pension97.Aboutof American crops arefor exportA.halfB one thirdC one fourthD one fif

49、th98. The following statements are all true except A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprisesB Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exportsC Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firmsD Agribu

50、sinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures99. is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A. FordB General MotorsC ChryslerD AmericanMotors100At present, U S exports account for of the world* s tota1A. 10%B. 15%C. 20%D. 25%101 Formal education in the United State

51、s consists of , secondary and highereducation.A. kindergartenB publicC elementaryDprivate102Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary schoolstudentsA. mathematics and languagesB politics and businesseducationC science and social studiesD music and physical education103.Higher educatio

52、n in the United States began with the founding of A. Yale UniversityB Harvard UniversityC Princeton UniversityD New York University104.0f the following, are NOT among the categories of American highereducationA. universities and collegesB research institutionsC technical institutionsD community coll

53、eges105 Of the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trusteesin U S institutionsA. choosing the presidentB establishing policies for administrators and facultyC approving budget and other financial projectD decide which student to enroll106 To get a bachelor* s degree, all undergradua

54、te students are required to do the following except A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB passing examinationsC working for communitiesD earning a certain number of credits107. Of the following universities, has NOT cultivated any AmericanPresident yetA. Harvard UniversityB Massachusetts Institute ofTechnologyC P