高中英语 Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars难句透视 新人教版必修3

1、三、难句透视1.It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the earths at mosphere.它发生了剧烈的爆炸，产生了大火和岩石，而这些气体后来就形成了水蒸气、二氧化碳、氧气、氮气和其他气体，这些气体就形成了地球的大气层。【剖析】（1）此句中含有两个 which 引导的定语从句，分别修饰先行词 fire and ro

2、ck 和 the water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, and other gases。（2）此句中含有 be to do 结构。【归纳】（1）be to do 结构常用来表示命令、义务、职责等，可译作“应该；必须”。长辈要求晚辈做某事常用这一句型。You are not to do that. 不许你那样做。I am to inform you that you have been invited to Johns wedding party next Sunday.我受托通知你，你应邀参加约翰于本周日举行的婚礼。(2)be to d

3、o 结构可以表示将来要做的事，或按计划约定要做的事， 这一用法主要用于正规文件中，可译作“打算；将要”。They are to be married in May.他们打算5月结婚。was/ were to do 结构还可以表示未能实现的计划。We were to have gone away last week, but I was ill.我们本打算上周离开的，但是我生病了。（3）be to do 结构还可表示不可避免，将要发生的事，或命中注定的事。This experience was to change his life.这次经历后来改变了他的人生道路。活学巧用1.1)用 be to

4、do sth. 和 be about to do sth.填空（1）I _ leave when someone knocked at the door.答案：was about to(2)We _ start for Hong Kong tomorrow.答案：are to(3)You _ start for Shanghai at once.答案：are to2)翻译句子（1）我们本打算上周离开的，但是我病了。_答案：We were to have gone away last week, but I was ill.（2）你要我什么时间开车去接你？_答案：At what time am

5、I to pick you up?（3）这项发现对治疗心脏病产生了巨大影响。_答案：This discovery was to have a major effect on the treatment of heart disease.（4）我们到处寻找，但就是找不到那枚戒指。_答案：We searched everywhere, but the ring was nowhere to be found.（5）电报上要说的是，她已推迟。_答案：The telegram was to say that she had been delayed.2.The problem was that the

6、 earth became violent because it was not clear whether the solid shape was to last or not.问题是地球变得狂躁不安，因为搞不清楚这种固体形状是否会持续下去。【剖析】（1）that 引导表语从句，在句中不作任何成分，一般不能省略。如： My opinion is that he really doesnt understand you.我认为他确实没有理解你的意思。（2）在because 从句中 it 用来作形式主语， whether 引导的主语从句作真正主语。Its a fact that English

7、is being accepted as an international language.事实是英国作为一种国际通用语为人们接受使用。【归纳】（1）英语中，为了保持句子结构的平衡，常用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语动词不定式、动名词或主语从句后置。Its not easy to learn English well in such a short time.在这么短的时间内学好英语是不容易的。（2）last vi. 持续；耐久The speech lasted an hour.演讲持续了一小时。活学巧用2.翻译句子（1）事实是计算机十分有助于科学技术的发展。_答案：The fact is

8、that computers are of great help to the development of science and technology.（2）我们的食物可以维持几天？_答案：How many days will our food last?（3）那消息是我们队已赢了比赛。_答案：The news is that our team has won the game.（4）这就是亨利解决问题的方法。_答案：This is how Henry solved the problem.（5）问题是谁能帮助我。_答案：The question is who can help me.3.

9、We usually think of science subjects as physics,chemistry, biology, geology and mathematics.通常我们把物理、化学、生物、地质学和数学看作科学。【剖析】think of as 意为“把看作;认为”。I think of him as a happy person with lots of friends.我认为他朋友很多，过的很快乐。【归纳】把看作;认为treat aslook on asregard asconsider as/(to be) + n./adj.Dont treat me as a ch

10、ild.别把我当作孩子看待。活学巧用3.翻译句子（1）他把自己看作是一名普通士兵。_答案：He thought of himself as a common soldier.（2）这个学生把他的英语老师看成是自己的好向导。_答案：The student thinks of/ treats his English teacher as his good guide.（3）他们把我看成是他们的领导。_答案：They looked on me as their leader.（4）我们认为他们是诚实的。_答案：All of us considered them honest.4.Scientists

11、 believe that taking carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and filling the air with oxygen helped life to develop.科学家们相信从空气中提取二氧化碳，并充入氧气有助于生命的发展。【剖析】“believe that taking ”是 that 引导的宾语从句。在宾语从句中 “taking and filling ”是动名词短语作主语。Reading aloud is very important in learning a foreign language.朗读在学习外语中是很重要的。【归纳】动名词作主语时可以用 it 作形式主语，但只限于以下几个句型：Its no use/goodIt is no good having a car if you cant drive.如果你不会开车，有车也没有用。活学巧用4.翻译句子（1）在这件事上跟他争辩毫无用处。_答案：Its no use arguing with him about