【备战高考】非谓语动词易错易混点

1、【备战高考】非谓语动词易错易混点一、单项选择非谓语动词1 with all sorts of affairs, the manager had little time to have a good sleep.A OccupyingB Being occupiedC OccupiedD Having occupied【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于经理忙于各种事务，几乎没有时间好好睡一觉。 “经理 ”和 “占用 ” 之间是被动关系，用过去分词作原因状语，故选C。2 （江苏） Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the pe

2、riod, the expectednumber of 12,000 held by market analysts.A having exceeded B to exceedC exceeded D exceeding【答案】 D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这期间，大约创造13,500 个新的工作，超过市场分析师持有的 12,000 个的预期数量。分析全句可知，这里指前一件事情所带来自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。故选D。点睛：本题考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词主要有动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词形式。having exceeded 强调时间先后，指的是此动作发生在谓语动词creat

3、e 的动作之前； toexceed 表示将要超出； exceeded 过去分词表示被动。分析句子可知，这里用现在分词作结 果状语。3 （福建 ） the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears moremature than those of her age.A SpendingB SpentC Having spentD To spend【答案】 C【解析】试题分析：花费”和其逻辑主语“Lind眨间是主动关系，故用现在分词作原因状语。且花费” 的动作明显早于 “看起来成熟”这个动作。表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作

4、，用现在分词的完成时。句意：由于Linda 过去几年在香港作交换留学生，所以她看起来比她的实际年龄更成熟。考点：考查非谓语动词的用法。4 Tom took a taxi to the airport, only his plane high up in the sky.A findingB to findC being foundD to have found【答案】 B【解析】试题分析：考查不定式做结果状语。句意： Tom 打的去了机场，结果却发现他要乘坐的飞机已经在空中了。不定式做状语时表示意料之外的结果。结合句意可知本题是一种意料之外的结果，故B 正确。考点：考查不定式做结果状语5 .

5、（2018 寸匕京） Ordinary soap,correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. A used B to useC using D use【答案】 A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively 是主句， correctly 是条件状语，修饰 ordinary soap ， ordinary soap 和 use 之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词， A 选项正确。点睛：过去分词所表示的一个含义就是 “被动

6、 ” 。6 （北京） The national park has a large collection of wildlife, from butterflies toelephants.A rangingB rangeC to rangeD rangedA【解析】 试题分析：句意：国家公园有许多的野生动物，包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。此处野生动物和range 之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故选 A。考点：考查非谓语动词。名师点睛 现在分词和过去分词的区别：在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义；在时间上，现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行或者与谓语动词同时发生，过去分词表示的动作已经完成或

7、没有一定的时间性。如： falling leaves 正在下落的树叶fallen leaves 已经落在地上的树叶分词的作用作定语单个分词作定语，分词前置。如：The sleeping boy is my son.something 等要后置；个别分词如 give，The excited people rushed into the building.分词短语作定语，分词后置；分词修饰不定代词left 等作定语也后置。如：The girl standing under the tree is my niece.The building built last year is our librar

8、y.过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。如：Most ofthe people invited to the party were famous scientists作状语现在分词和过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果等状语。Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.As I didn ' t receive any letter from him, I gave him a call.Given more attention, the trees could have g

9、rown better.If more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.（ 条件）Walking along the street, I ran across my old friend.Bitten by a snake, he was taken to hospital（原因）.Though defeated, he didn ' t losetheMr）.（He lay on the grass, looking into the sky.（伴随）He came running to tell me t

10、he good news.（ 方式）汪息：选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是由主句的主语发出，分词就用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。试比较：（Being） Used for a 10ng time, the book 100ks 01d.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。Using the book, I find it useful.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致，如果不一致，就用独立主格结构，即在分词前加上它的逻辑主语。现在分词的完成式主要用于作状语，一般不用作定语。现在分词作表语多表示主语具有的特征，过去分词作表语

11、多指主语所处的状态。如：The film is touching.The glass is broken.作宾语补足语分词和不定式一样，在一些感官动词或使役动词后作宾语补足语。如：I smell something burning.I heard him singing the song.I heard my name called.作插入语其结构是固定的，意思上的主语并不是句子的主语。generally speaking 般说来talking of （speaking of）说至 ijstrictly speaking 严格地说judging from 从。判断all things cons

12、idered 从整体来看 taking all things into consideration 全面看来。如：Judging from his face, he must be ill.从他的脸色看，他一定是病了。Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs.总的来说， 狗比猪跑得快。7 . in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A LosingB Having lostC LostD To lose【答案】 C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于陷入

13、沉思中，他差点撞上了前面那辆车。分析句子可知，本句为过去分词作原因状语，其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致都是he ，逻辑主语省去了。故选C。8 "We can't go out in this weather, "said Bob, out of the window.A lookingB to lookC lookedD having looked【答案】 A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查现在分词做状语。句意： Bob 看着窗外说： “这样的天气我们不能出去” 。本句中 look与 said 是同时进行， we 与 look 之间构成主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。故选

14、A。9 The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have right from wrong.A distinguishedB distinguishingC to distinguishD to be distinguished【答案】 B【解析】试题分析：首先have difficult /trouble doing sth 是固定词组。 The lecture mainly deals withthe trouble young children have distinguishing right from wron

15、g 在这个句子中， deal with 的宾 语是 trouble ，所以后面的句子是修饰trouble 这个词的定语从句。考点：固定用法考查点评：对于固定用法，平时一定要多归纳、总结和记忆。10 the housing price, several measures have been adopted in the last two years.A LoweringB Having loweredC To lowerD To have lowered【答案】 C【解析】试题分析：考查不定式，不定式表示目的，句子意思 “为了降低房子的价格，在过去的两年里一些办法已经被采纳 ”考点：考查不定式点

16、评：动词不定式的基本用法：动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用。同时还要注意动词不定式的被动语态用法：如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般就用被动语态形式，如： What is to be done next hasn t been dedcyideet.即学即练： It s too late. Go to bed right away. Forget you need to get up as early as you can the early train?A. catch B. catching C. c

17、aught D. to catch选D11 The famous book Frankenstein, by British novelist Mary Shelley, is the first work ofscience fiction.A writingB having writtenC writtenD was written【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。句意：由英国小说家Mary Shelley 所著的著名小说Frankenstein 是第一部科幻小说。句中the famous book Frankenstein 与动词 write 构成被动关系，要用过去分词短语wri

18、tten by British novelist Mary Shelley 做定语，相当于定语从句 which was written by British novelist Mary Shelley 。故 C 项正确。12 He looked around and caught a man his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A putB to be putting C puttingD to put【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意：他环顾四周，偶然撞见一个男人把手放进了一位顾客的口袋里！catch sb doing sth 偶然撞见

19、某人在干某事，这里的现在分词是做宾语补足语，强调动作的主动和进行，故选C。13 A great number of students said they were forced to practice the piano.A to questionB to be questionedC questionedD questioning【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意：很多被询问的学生都说他们是被迫去练钢琴的。 students 与question 构成被动关系，表示被询问的学生。 B 项不定式表示将来,，而本句表示的是已经被询问。故选 C 项。14 The poor girl

20、, for not finishing homework on time, is in low sprits now.A scoldingB being scoldedC having been scoldedD to be scolded【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个可怜的女孩，因为没按时完成作业而被责骂，现在情绪低落。分析句子结构可知，scold在句中做非谓语动词，且 scold发生在is之前，与逻辑主语girl 构成被动，故用 having been done 形式。故选C。15 -You ve made great progress in your studie

21、s of English, haven t you?- Yes, but much.A remains to doB is remained to doC is remained to be doneD remains to be done【答案】 D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意： 你的英语学习取得了很大的进步，是吗？ 是的，但还有很多工作要做。根据句意和结构可知 remain 表示 “仍然 ” ，不能用被动语态，而且 much 和 do是被动关系，表示将要发生的事情，用不定式，因此应使用不定式的被动式。故选 D。16 A hearty laugh relieves physical

22、tension, your muscles relaxed for over half an hour.A to leaveB leftC leavingD leave【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：开怀大笑可以缓解身体紧张，至少可以使你的肌肉放松半小时。分析句子可知，空格处做伴随状语。且与逻辑主语laugh 构成主动关系，所以用现在分词。故选C。17 Mark often attempts to escape whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A having been finedB being finedC to have been finedD to be fined【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查 escape 的用法。句意：马克经常试图逃脱罚款，每当他违反交通规则的时候。 escapedoing sth 逃脱、避免干某事。故选B。18 The boy was last seen near the bank of the lake.A missing; playing B missing; playC mi