B3M1GrammarII主谓一致

1、 主谓一致主谓一致定义定义:谓语谓语要和要和主语主语在人称和数量上保持一致。在人称和数量上保持一致。1, 语法语法一致原则一致原则2, 意义意义一致原则一致原则3, 就近就近一致原则一致原则三原则三原则语法语法一致原则一致原则1.单数名词或不可数名词单数名词或不可数名词 The food they served _ (be) delicious. 2.动名词动名词, 不定式或从句不定式或从句 Skating in winter _ (be) great fun. To see _(be) to believe. That he is absent _(worry) all his family

2、. Reading books and watching TV (be) my hobbies. 3. a large quantity（amount) of +名词名词 A large amount of water _ what I need now.isisisworriesis多个动名词和不定式做主语，谓语动词用复数are主语从句作主语, 其谓语动词的单复数问题: 一个概念的两方面作主语, 谓语用单数; 两个概念则用复数. Eg: 1)Where and when we shall have the sports meeting _ (be) still unknown. 2)Wher

3、e we shall have the sports meeting and who will be responsible for it _ (be) still unknown.isare4.不定代词作主语不定代词作主语(any-, some-, every-, no-)口诀口诀不定代词作主语，谓语动词用不定代词作主语，谓语动词用 .除了除了 和和 .bothall三单三单Either of streets (be) lined by trees and flowers.is任意一个注意注意 neither 和和 none 往往根据说话人的意思往往根据说话人的意思, 单复数都可以单复数都可

4、以. 但但指代不可数名词时只能用单数指代不可数名词时只能用单数.more than one：多于一多于一，不止一，不止一more than one + 单单n ,谓语动词用谓语动词用 .单数单数复数复数More than two friends (have) cars.havemore than two + 复复n ,谓语动词用谓语动词用 .不止一个不止一个不止两个，两个以上不止两个，两个以上More than one worker_(be) going to lose_ (his,their) jobs. istheir5. more than one + 单数名词（不止一单数名词（不止一）

5、”，“many a(许多许多)”虽然表示复数含义，但谓语动词与单数名词保虽然表示复数含义，但谓语动词与单数名词保持一致，习惯上用单数持一致，习惯上用单数 many a + 单单n许多许多Many a student (be) discussing the problem.is注意注意 and连接词表示同一概念时，谓语动词用连接词表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数单数由由and连接的两个并列名词由连接的两个并列名词由each, every, no, many a 等词等词修饰时修饰时, 谓语动词仍用谓语动词仍用单数单数. 此类结构为此类结构为: eachand each, everyand ever

6、y,noand no, many a and many aMany a boy and many a girl _ been there. hasand连接词表示同一概念时，谓语动词用连接词表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数单数The poet and doctor (have) come.hasThe poet and the doctor (have) come.haveThe bread and butter (be) on the table.isThe bread and the butter (be) on the table.are冠冠 + n and 冠冠 + n冠冠 + n an

7、d n双冠，谓语动词复数双冠，谓语动词复数单冠，谓语动词单数单冠，谓语动词单数and连接词表示同一概念连接词表示同一概念(配套事物配套事物)时，谓语动词用时，谓语动词用单单数数bread and butter奶油面包奶油面包a watch and chain一块带链的手表一块带链的手表a knife and fork刀叉刀叉a coat and tie一件配有领带的上衣一件配有领带的上衣a cart and horse一辆马车一辆马车The glasses (be) on your nose. areThis pair of glasses (be) mine.istrousers pants

8、裤子裤子shorts glasses短裤眼镜glovescompasses手套圆规单独做主语，谓语动词用单独做主语，谓语动词用 。复数和和pair连用，谓语动词连用，谓语动词 。取决于pair的形式This two pairs of shoes (be) mine.are1.当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语, 如介词短语如介词短语,谓语谓语动词的单复数只看主语动词的单复数只看主语, 不受修饰成分的影响不受修饰成分的影响.主语主语 + + with/together with(和和一起一起)as well as(和和一样一样)except/but(除了除了，不再有，不再有

9、)along with(和和一起一起)besides/in addition to(除了除了 还有还有)谓语动词只看主语谓语动词只看主语rather than (而不是而不是)2. 当当pair of/ kind of/ type of/sort of等作主语时等作主语时, 谓语动词与谓语动词与pair/kind/type/sort保持一致保持一致 This kind of bananas _(taste) delicious. These pairs of trousers _(fit) you.tastesfit注意：注意： 主语为主语为a large quantity（amount) o

10、f +名词，名词，quantities (amounts) of+名词时，谓语动词根据主语名词时，谓语动词根据主语中心词中心词quantity或或amount 的数决定。的数决定。vLarge quantities of water _ polluted.are3.3.当当分数、百分数，数量分数、百分数，数量+of+of+名词作主语时名词作主语时, , 谓语与该名词保持一致谓语与该名词保持一致 the rest of剩下的，其余的剩下的，其余的most of大多数大多数the majority/minority of的大多数的大多数/少数少数plenty of大多数大多数half of一半一半

11、分数分数百分数百分数a part of一部分一部分all ofAll of us_（have） attended the lecture about Pompeii.Most of lecture _ (be) about how the ancient city was discovered.havewas注意: population, number 1, population 作主语时作主语时, 谓谓(单数单数) 分数等分数等+population时时, 谓谓(复数复数) the population of that country _ very small. seventy-five p

12、ercent of the population of China _ peasants.2, a number of +名词复数名词复数(许多许多), 谓谓(复数复数) the number of +名词复数名词复数(的数量的数量),谓谓(单数单数) A number of students _ (go) to the library. The number of students _ 40.is aregois一,谓语用单数,当主语是: 1,单数名词,不可数名词 2,不定式,动名词, 从句 3,不定代词(除both, all),( none, neither可单可复,后跟不可数名词,则只能

13、用单数) 4, a large quantity(amount) of +名词 5, many a /more than one + 名词二, 谓语用复数, 当主语是: 1,复数名词 2, 由and或bothand连接并列主语时(and连接词表示同一 概念时; 由and连接的两个并列名词由each, every, no, many a 等词修饰时) 3.成双成套的词(如trousers, pants单独做主语时,谓用单数, 和pair连用时,谓取决于pair的形式)二二,谓语动词根据中心词确定单复数形式谓语动词根据中心词确定单复数形式,当主语是当主语是: 1.当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语当主语

14、后面接说明主语的修饰语, 如介词短语如介词短语,谓语动词的单谓语动词的单复数只看主语复数只看主语(如如with/together with) 2. 当当pair of/ kind of/ type of/sort of等作主语时等作主语时, 谓语动词与谓语动词与pair/kind/type/sort保持一致保持一致3.当当分数、百分数，数量分数、百分数，数量+of+名词作主语时名词作主语时,谓语与该名词保持谓语与该名词保持一致一致. (如如the rest of, a part of)4. 两个特殊的词两个特殊的词: population, number 1) population 作主语时作

15、主语时, 谓谓(单数单数) 分数等分数等+population时时, 谓谓(复数复数) 2) a number of +名词复数名词复数, 谓谓(复数复数) the number of +名词复数名词复数,谓谓(单数单数)Fill in the blanks with the right form of the give verbs.(1)_ (have) your classmates finished their homework?(2) My friend and I _ (want) to play outside after watching TV.(3) Most of the s

16、tudents _ (prefer) English to Mathematics.(4) Collecting stamps _ (be) one of his favorite pastimes.Have wantpreferis Exercise1. All the professional personnel _ invited to attend the meeting. A. have B. were C. has D. was2. Every doctor and every nurse _ a new hospital for SARS patients. A. has fou

17、nded B. have found C. expects to found D. has to be found3. The number of students in this school _. A. is increasing B. are increasing C. is increased D. are increasedBCA5. You, who_ his good friend, should help him get out of trouble. A. am B. is C. are D. was6. A pair of shoes _ under the bed. A.

18、 was B. were C. has been D. have been7. Many a student _ the film now. A. has seen B. had seen C. have seen D. saw4. The questions which _ to yours are not easy to answer. A. is the same B. are different C. is like D. are similarDCAA8. Each soldier and each sailor _ a thick coat. A. are given B. was

19、 given C. being given D. were given9. Where _ dirt, there are flies. A. there has B. is C. there is D. there are10. A fork and knife _ on the table. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been11. When and where to build the factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not

20、 decidedCAAB一一.时间金钱问题时间金钱问题 基数词基数词+表表时间时间/距离距离/价值价值或或其他度量其他度量单位的名单位的名词时词时,谓语动词通常用谓语动词通常用单数单数形式形式,这是由于作主语的这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个名词在概念上是一个整体整体.Ten dollars is a price for that hat.Thirty miles is not a long distance.如果把这些数量概念看作组成数量的个体时如果把这些数量概念看作组成数量的个体时,谓语谓语动词用复数动词用复数Ten years have passed since he came to

21、this city.意义一致原则意义一致原则二二. 书名书名,报刊名报刊名,戏剧句戏剧句, 国家名国家名 当此类名词或词组作主语时当此类名词或词组作主语时,常看作一个常看作一个整体整体, 谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数形式形式. New York Times is a very good newspaper. The United States was founded in 1776.三三.冠词冠词The + 姓氏姓氏 + s ： 表示一家人，谓语动词用表示一家人，谓语动词用 。复数复数The + adj ：表示一类人，谓语动词用表示一类人，谓语动词用 。复数复数The Blacks (be)

22、watching TV now.areThe good (be) happy.arethe dead死人死人the living活人活人the rich富人富人the poor穷人穷人the sick病人病人the young年轻人年轻人the old老人老人the disabled残疾人残疾人the blind盲人盲人“the +adj.”指个人或抽象概念时指个人或抽象概念时, 谓语用谓语用_ 形形式式.单数单数Our team _ very important to me.Our team _ now making their way to Xinjiang.The cattle_ eat

23、ing grass near the river.特殊4： 集合名词 people, police, cattle 作主语时，谓语动词无论什么时候都应当使用复数形式。isareare四四. 集体名词集体名词团队的词确定单复数团队的词确定单复数family单数单数classteamclubgroup家人家人同学同学队员队员成员成员组员组员家庭家庭班级班级队队俱乐部俱乐部组组复数复数指团队中的成员，就用指团队中的成员，就用复数。复数。指整个团队，就用指整个团队，就用单数。单数。团队的词确定单复数团队的词确定单复数My family (be) very small.isMy family (be)

24、having lunch now.areThe police _ searching the lost boy.are 五五. 单复数形式相同的名词单复数形式相同的名词 sheep deer means aircraft 等等 根据具体意义决定根据具体意义决定 Every means _ been tried.= All means _ been tried.hashave意义一致原则要点总结意义一致原则要点总结 一.时间,距离,金钱,度量衡 二. 书名,报刊名,戏剧句, 国家名 三. The + 姓氏 + s(一家人) The + adj(一类人) 四. 集体名词 五.单复数形式相同的名词(

25、如sheep deer)either A or Bneither A nor B就近一致原则就近一致原则not only A but also Bthere be A and B或者或者 A 或者或者 B既不既不 A 也不也不 B不但不但 A 而且而且 B有有 A 和和 B谓语与最靠近的名词（代词）保持一致。谓语与最靠近的名词（代词）保持一致。Either you or he (be) right.isEither he or you (be) right.areBoth you and he (be) right.Both he and you (be) right.areareboth A

26、 and B：两者都两者都，不适用就近原则。，不适用就近原则。就近原则就近原则Not only the childen but also their father (like) playing computer games.likesNot only their father but also the childen (like) playing computer games.like Either the team leader or the guides _looking after the students. Not only the guides but also the team l

27、eader _ looking after the students. There _ two pencils and a knife in my pencil box.areisare(1) _ (be) your family a big one?(2) All my family _ (get) up early in the morning.(3) Neither his father nor his mother _ (play) the piano.(4) The remains of the old castle _ (be) destroyed in World War Two

28、.(5) Not only Jim but also his Parents _ (be) going to see you next Sunday.arewereplaysgetIs 1. Something _ gone wrong with my TV set. A. has B. have C. is D. are2. This is one of the best films that _ this year. A. is appearing B. appear C. has appeared D. have appeared3. Half of the students _ made the same mistake. A. has B. have C. is D. are4. The old _ taken good care of in our country. A. is B. has C. are D. haveADBC5. Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs _ popular with people of all ages since it was made into the first full-length cartoon. A. were B. was C. has been D. is6.All but one