人教版九年级英语Unit13单词、课文,知识梳理,词汇句式精讲

1、人教版九年级英语Unit13单词、课文/知识梳理/词汇句式精讲Unit13 单词litterlit ?(r)v.乱扔n.垃圾；废弃物bottomb ?t?mn.底部；最下部fishermanfi?(r)m?nn.渔民；钓鱼的人coalk?uln.煤；煤块publicp ?blikadj.公众的；公共的n.民众；百姓ugly?gliadj.丑陋的；难看的advantage?dva:ntid ?n.优点；有利条件costk?st; k?:stv.花费n.花费；价钱woodenwudnadj.木制的；木头的plasticpl?stikadj.塑料的n.塑料；塑胶make a difference有关

2、系，作用，影响shark知(r)kn.鲨鱼finfinn.(.鱼)鳍cut off割掉；砍掉methodme 0?dn.方法；措施cruelkru: ?ladj.残酷的；残忍的harmfulha:(r)mfladj.有害的chaint?einn.链子；链条ecosystemi:k?usist ?mn.生态系统lowl?ua (.数量等)减少的；低的；矮的industryind ?strin.工业；行业lawl?：n.法律；法规reusableri:ju:z ?bladj.可重复使用的；可再次使用的afford?f?：(r)dv.承担得起(后果)；买得起transportationt ?nsp

3、?:(r)tei ?n.运输业；交通运输recycleri:saiklv.回收利用；再利用 napkinn?pkinn.餐巾；餐巾纸upside down颠倒；倒转gategeltn.大门bottleb ?tln.瓶；瓶子presidentprezid ?ntn.负责人；主席；总统inspirationinsp ?rei ?nn.灵感；鼓舞人心的人（或事物）metalmetln.金属creativitykri:eitiv ?tin.创造力；独创性WildAidwaildeid野生救援协会（美国）WWF（World Wide Fund For Nature）世界自然基金会Markma:（r）k马

4、克（男名）Jasond ?eis?n贾森（男名）Kenken肯（男名）Hayesheiz海斯（姓）Jessicad ?esik?杰茜卡（女名）Unit13 知识梳理【重点短语】1. at the bottom of the river在河床底部2. be full of the rubbish 充满了 垃圾3. throw litter into the river 把垃圾扔入河中4. play a part in cleaning it up尽一份力把它清理干净5. land pollution土地污染6. fill the air with black smoke使空气中充满了黑烟7. c

5、ut down air pollution 减少空气污染8. make a difference产生影响17. take action 采取行动18. turn off 关掉19. pay for 付费20. add up 累加21. use public transportation使用公共交通22. recycle books and paper回收书和废纸23. use paper napkins使用名氏巾24. turn off the shower关掉喷头25. ride in cars开车出行【重点句型】1 .Even the bottom of the river was ful

6、l of rubbish.即使河底都充满垃圾。2 .Everyone in town should play a part in cleaning it up. 城里的每个人都应当尽一份力把它清理干净。3 .The air is badly polluted because there are too many cars on the road these days.空气被严重污染因为如今路上的汽车太多了。4 .To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving.为了减少空气污染，我们应当

7、乘坐公汽或地铁而不是开车。5 . I used to be able to see stars in the sky.我过去能在天空中看到星星。6 . The air has become really polluted around here. I m getting very worried.这儿的空气真的已经被污染了，我非常担心。7 . No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.没有科学研究说明鱼鳍对人们的健康有好处。词汇精讲1. advantageadvantage是名词，意为“优点；好处；

8、有利条件 ”。例如：This bicycle has many advantages.这辆自行车有许多优点Studying English has many advantages.学习英语有许多好处。【拓展】disadvantage 是advantage的反义词，意为“缺点；弊端；不利条件”。例如：When you visit France, it is a disadvantage if you cannot speak French.当你访问法国时，如果你不会讲法语，那可是个不利条件。2. instead ofinstead of是介词短语，意为“代替，而不是，后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应

9、的名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作为介词宾语。例如：He went to the cinema instead of going to school.他去了电影院而不是学校。【拓展】instead作副词，意为“代替，而不是，常用作状语。例如：He is tired. Let me go instead. 他累了，让我替他去吧。She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day.她从不学习，而是整天打网球。instead 和 instead of 的辨析：instead是副词，后面不接其他的词，一般情况下可不译出，通常放在句首或句末，在句首时

10、常用逗号隔开，表示前面的事没做，而做了后面的事。例如：He didn t go to school. Instead, he went to the cinema.他没有去学校，相反他去了电影院。Instead of lending a hand, he laughed at us.他不仅没有帮我们一把，反而嘲笑我们。3. cut offcut off是固定搭配，意为“切除；切掉”。例如：The slide cut off the valley from the rest of the world.山崩切断了这个山谷与外界的联系。【拓展】“动词+ off ”构成的短语有：take off 起飞

11、，脱下put off 推迟turn off 关闭 get off 下车fall off从掉下来break off 终止pay off 付清4. make a differencemake a difference 意为“起作用，有影响”。例如：The fact that I can now organize my own time makes a big difference.现在我能自己安排时间了，这对我有很大的作用。Whatever you can do can make a difference.无论你能做什么，都会带来不同。5. the number ofthe number of 意

12、为”的数量”，后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数形式例如：The number of people speaking Chinese is larger than that of thosespeaking English.说汉语的人数要大于说英语的人数。a number of 意为“许多”，后面接可数名词的复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。number 前面可以用 large , great , small 等修饰， 构成 a large number of;a small number of 等。例如：I have a number of letters to write.我有许多信件要写。A

13、large number of students in our school are from the countryside.我们学校许多学生来自农村。A small number of students in our class went swimming yesterday.昨天我们班一小部分学生去游泳了。6. althoughalthough的意思相当于though ,意为“尽管，虽然”，用来引导让步状语从句。它所引导的从句不能与并列连词but; and; so等连用，但可以和yet; still等词连用。例如：Although he lives alone, he doesn t f

14、eel lonely.= He lives alone, but he doesn t feel lonely.虽然他一个人住，但他并不感到孤独。There is air all around us, although we cannot see it.虽然我们看不见空气，但空气却存在于我们的周围。【拓展】although 与though 的辨析:（1）用作连词，表示“虽然”，二者可以互换使用，但although比though更为正式。例如：Though/Although it was raining, we still went there.虽然下着雨，但我们还是去了那里。although

15、一般不用作副词，而though可用作副词，且一般放在旬末（不放在句首），意为“可是，不过”。例如：It s hard work; I enjoy it, though.工作很辛苦，可是我很喜欢。We all tried our best. We lost the game,though.我们都尽力最大努力，但我们还是输了。（3）在as though（好像，仿佛），eventhough（即使，纵然）等固定短语中不能用although 。例如：He talks as though he knew everything.他夸夸其谈，好像无所不知。7. take part intake part in

16、意为“参加”，常指参加群众性的活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积极的态度，起一定作用。take part in 之后接名词或动名词。例如：I didn t take part in the sports meeting yesterday because I was ill.我没有参加昨天的运动会，因为我病了。Everyone can take part in gardening.每个人都可以参加到园艺活动中来。【拓展】join是动词，意为“加入”。指加入某一党派、组织或社会团体，以及参军等，并成为其中一员。其后常出现club, army, team, group 以及人称代词宾格等

17、。例如：join the swimming club参加游泳俱乐部join the army 参军join us 加入到我们的行列8. affordafford常用作及物动词，意为“买（经受）得起；给予，提供”，其后常接名 词、代词或动词不定式作宾语，afford后还可接双宾语。This kind of computer is too expensive and I cant afford it.这种电脑太贵了，我买不起。At last I can afford a watch.我终于买得起一只手表了I could not afford so much money for a bicycle我

18、出不起那么多钱买一辆自行车。Ill afford you a chance .我将给你提供一个机会。句式精讲1. And remember to throw rubbish in the bins and keep public places clean and beautiful for everyone.remember作动词，意为“记得”。与forget意思相反。例如：Please remember his name.请记得他的名字。【拓展】(1) remember to do sth. 表示“记得要做某事”，事情还没有做。例如： Remember to turn off the lig

19、ht when you leave.离开时记得关灯。(2) remember doing sth. 表示“记得曾经做过某事”，事情已经做过了。例 如：He remembered going to Shanghai with his parents when he was fiveyears old.他记得五岁时曾经和父母去过上海。2. Many have heard of shark fin soup.hear of意为“听说，听到，相当于 hear about 。 例如：I have never heard of him.我从来没听人说起过他。【拓展】 hear;hear of 与hear

20、from 的辨析：(1)hear ”听见，听说”。当“听见”讲时，强调结果，可直接带宾语或用于hear sb./ sth. do/ doing sth. 意为“听见某人/某物(在)做某事”，当“听说”时， 后面常接从句。例如：Can you hear a bird singing in the tree now?你现在能听见鸟在树上唱歌吗？I heard that she passed the exam.我听说她通过考试了。hear of ”听说，得知”，后面接名词或代词，指听到某人或某事的存在或消 息。例如：Jim disappeared and nobody heard of him.Ji

21、m不知去向，没有人再听到他的消息。(3)hear from 收到来信”，后面常接人作宾语。例如:Have you ever heard from your pen pal?你是否收到过笔友的来信。3. It s good for health and it doesn t cost anything.cost是动词，意为“花费”。它的主语一般是事物，其后接表示金钱的名词作宾语。例如：The coat cost me 200 yuan.那件外套花了我 200 元。【拓展】表示“花费”的spend、take、cost和pay的辨析：词语主语结构spend人(sb.)sb. spends + 时间或

22、金钱 + (in) doing sth. /on sth.takeit作形式主语It takes sb. some time to do sth.(真正主语)pay人(sb.)sb. pays + 金钱 + for sth.coststh.(物)sth. costs sb. + 金钱例如：I spent 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework yesterday.昨天我花了三个小时做作业。It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus.乘公共汽车去武汉花了我四个小时。I paid six yuan for the pen.我花了六元钱买这支笔。My English book cost me five yuan.我的英语书花了我五元钱。4. What about waste pollution?What abo