上海高三高考英语题型专题复习之阅读A篇讲义教案(含练习答案)

1、学员编号：年 级：课时数：学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：wyer in town!授课类型阅读A授课日期及时段教学内容考情分析五年考情分析-A篇阅读理解年份2009 年2010 年2011 年2012 年2013 年题材人物竞争人与动物人对人影响人与运动人与音乐类别记叙记叙记叙报道科学字数220339316310338难度简单简单简单简单简单试题探究1 .文章特点 以记叙文为主，字数 340以内。体裁类似，内容新颖，多有启发意义。2 .题型特点细节题居多，偶尔会有词义猜测题，但都建立于文章主旨大意上；很少涉及推断题，即使涉及，也 多集中于同一点上。真题解读【例】（2009年上海高考英语试卷

2、A篇阅读理解）Even at school there had been an unhealthy competition between George and Richard."I ' ll be the first millionaire in Coleford!” Richard used to boast.“And you ' ll be sorry you knew me," George would reply“ because I ' ll be the best laGeorge never did become a lawyer a

3、nd Richard never made any money. Instead both men opened bookshops on opposite sides of Coleford High Street. It was hard to make money from books, which made the competition between them worse.Now with only one bookshop in town, business was better for George. But sometimes he sat in his narrow, ol

4、d kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window, thinking about his former rivall. Perhaps he missed him?George was very interested in old dictionaries, He'd recently found a collector in Australia vho was sellina rare first edition. When the parcel arrived, the book was in perfect condition and Geo

5、rge was delighted. But while he was having lunch, George glanced at the photo in the newspaper that the book had been wrapped in. He was astonishedthe smiling face was older than he remembered but unmistakable! Trembling, George started reading.“Bookends have bought ten bookstores from their rivals

6、Dylans. The company, owned by multi -millionaireRichard Pike, is now the largest bookseller in Australia.65. George and Rivhard were A. roommatesC. competitors【参考答案】 Cat school.B. good friendsD. booksellers【真题解析】细节题， 从第段 “Even at school there had been an unhealthy competition between George andRicha

7、rd." 及文中 "But sometimes he sat in his narrow, old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window, thinking about his formal rival ”两句中的关键词"competition "及"rival”可以知道 George和Richard从学校开始 就是兄争者关系。66. How did George feel about Richard after his disappearance?A. He envied Richard'

8、s marriage.B. He thought of Richard from time to time.C. He felt lucky with no rival in town.D. He was guilty of Ric hard ' s death.【参考答案】 B【真题解析】 文中"But sometimes he sat in his narrow, old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window, thinking about his formal rival ”，从中可得知 Richard失踪后，George有

9、时会想起他。这与B选项中“from time to time 完全贴合。67. George got information about Richard from A. a dictionary collector in AustraliaB. the latter's rivals DylansC. a rare first edition of a dictionaryD. the wrapping paper of a book【参考答案】 D【真题解析】 细节题， 文中"But while he was having lunch, George glanced at

10、the photo in the newspaper that the book had been wrapped in."可知道 George是从包裹着书本的报纸上了解到Richard的情况的。68. What happened to George and Richard in the end?A. Both George and Richard became millionaires.B. Both of them realized their original ambitions.C. George established a successful business white

11、 Richard was missing.D. Richard became a millionaire while George had no great success.【参考答案】D【真题解析】从文章最后段 “ The company, owned by multi-millionaire Richard Pike, is now the largestbookseller in Australia."可推断Richard确实实现了梦想成为百万富翁，而George只是在镇上经营着一家书店，相比之下，成就平凡。【例】（2010年上海高考英语试卷 A篇阅读理解）The elepha

12、nt was lying heavily on its side, fast asleep. A few dogs started barking at it. The elephant woke up in a terrible anger: it chased the dogs into the village where they ran for safety. That didn ' t stop the elephant. It destroyed a dozen houses and injured several people. The villagers were sc

13、ared and angry. Then someone suggested calling Parbati, the elephant princess.Parbati Barua ' s father was a hunter of tigers and an elephant tamer. taught Parbati to ride an elephant before she could even walk. He also taught her the dangerous art of the elephant round-up how to catch wild elep

14、hants.Parbati hasn ' t always lived in the jungle. After a happy childhood hunting with her father, she was sent to boarding school in the city. But Parbati never got used to being there and many years later she went back to her old life. " Life in the city is too dull. Catching elephants i

15、s an adventure and the excitement lasts for days after the chase. " says.But Parbati doesn ' t catch elephants just for fun.“My work,she says,is to rescue man from3and to keep the elephants safe from man." And this is exactly what Parbati has been doing for many years. Increasingly, th

16、e Indian elephant is angry: for many years, illegal hunters have attacked it and its home in the jungle has been reduced to small pieces of land. It is now fighting back. Whenever wild elephants enter a tea garden or a village, Parbati is called to guide the animals back to the jungle before they ca

17、n kill.The work of an elephant tamer also involves love and devotion. A good elephant tamer will spend hours aday singing love songs to a newly captured elephant.them. They are also more loyal than humans.”giant, happy animal. An elephant princess indeed!“Eventually they grow to love their tamersand

18、 never forshe said, as she climbed up one of her elephants and sat on the65. For Parbati, catching elephants is mainly to .A. get long lasting excitementB. keep both man and elephants safeC. send them back to the jungleD. make the angry elephants tame【参考答案】 B【真题解析】原文第四段 “ My work,“ she says, “is to

19、rescue man from the elephants, and to keep theelephants safe from man”,可知Parbati主要是为了保障大象与人之间的安全而驯象的。66. Before Parbati studied in a boarding schoolA. she spent her time hunting with her fatherB. she learned how to sing love songsC. she had already been called an elephant princessD. she was taught h

20、ow to hunt tigers【参考答案】A【真题解析】原文第三段 Parbati hasn't always lived in the jungle. After a happy childhood hunting with herfather, she was sent to boarding school in the city.可知她从小与父亲一起在丛林中度过了她的童年，之后才 去寄宿学校的。67. Indian elephants are getting increasingly angry and they revenge becauseA. they are caug

21、ht and sent for heavy workB. illegal hunters capture them and kill themC. they are attacked and their land gets limitedD. dogs often bark at them and chase them【参考答案】C【真题解析】原文倒数第二段 Increasingly, the Indian elephant is angry: for many years, illegal hunters haveattacked it and its home in the jungle

22、has been reduced to small pieces of land. It is now fighting back. 可直接 得出答案。68. The passage starts with an elephant story in order to explain that in India .A. people easily fall victim to elephants' attacksB. the man-elephant relationship is getting worseC. elephant tamers are in short supplyD.

23、 dogs are as powerful as elephants【参考答案】B【真题解析】根据文章第四段，可推理得出答案。,学法点睛1 .解题技巧1）顺序原则、定位词、排除法2）做题时一定要回到短文中找出与答题内容相关的词语和句子，在理解原文的基础上选择答案。找到关 键词后最好在下面划线，以便检查。2 .备考方法1 预测（Prediction ）预测是阅读过程中不可或缺的一环。阅读不是被动地接受和理解信息的过程，而是不断地预测一验证-修正一和进一步预测的循环过程。2 略读（skimming ）略读是一种快速浏览阅读方式，其目的是了解文章的大概轮廓或大意。因此读者无须细读全文，而是有选择地进

24、行跳跃式的阅读。其特点是，阅读速度要快，进行略读可以按以下步骤：阅读文章的题目、附图、图表、起始段和结尾段；细读其他段落的主题句：浏览一些与主题句相关的信息词。适合略读策略 的文体包括文体报刊杂志、书信、背景资料、报告、课本章节、说明文字、小说等。3 跳读（scanning）跳读是另一种快速阅读方式，其目的是从文字资料中查找特定的细节内容，如有关时间、地点、数据、 人名、地名、事实等具体信息。跳读对理解的精确程度要求既快又准。读者进行跳读时，可以参考下几 方面的信息：（1）标题或图表。由于很多信息资料配有标题和图表。因此，有时不看文字说明，通过标 题和图表也能获得所要查找的信息。（2）主题词。

25、带着要查找内容的主题词进行跳读，捕捉关键词有助于提高阅读效率。（3。版式及印刷特点。如广告则按主题分类，广播或电视节目按时间或频道排列。了 解不同的版式特点能够快地预测到有关内容可能出现的位置。显然，适合跳读策略的文体有广告、词典、 安排表等。为应对阅读如此大量的文字材料，平时的训练量必须得到保证，还要要求学生把握阅读的速度，养成快 速浏览的习惯。我们在平时的训练中，要选各种类型的文章让学生操练，在保证量的前提下，要做到类 型多样化。此外，有必要培养学生摆脱阅读中见目不见林”的习惯，提高他们对于整篇文章的概括归纳能力，善于找到中心和重点。每读一篇文章，不放过长句，难句的分析，因为问题往往和这些

26、句子有关， 轻易放过，一知半解，这种倾向必须纠正。还必须提醒考生，有时文章很难，但问题却可以答出，不可 轻言放弃。过关检测巩固测试：（八校联考）We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learni

27、ng that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it ' not surprising that we depend on jt in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers.Unfortunately, passive learnin

28、g has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor.Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, i

29、n turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed.That ' s what happens in daily life. Th

30、e simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve it, stamping it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.This process is

31、also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be restated as a fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge

32、the interpretation he placed upon those facts.66. According to the passage, passive learning may occur in.A. doing a medical experimentB. solving a math problemC. visiting an exhibitionD. doing scientific reasoning67. The underlined word"it " in Paragraph 2 refers to.A. active learningB. k

33、nowledgeC. communicationD. passive learning68. The author mentions the game Rumor to show that.A. a message may be changed when being passed onB. a message should be delivered in different waysC. people may have problems with their sense of hearingD. people tend not to believe in what they know as r

34、umor69. What can we infer from the passage?A. Active learning is not important.B. Passive learning may not be reliable.C. Passive learning is not found among scholars.D. What has been told by others shouldn' t be accepted.提升测试：（六校）On Saturday mornings I worked in the family shop. I started cycli

35、ng down to the shop with Dad onSaturday as soon as I was big enough. I thought of it as giving him a hand and so I didnmind what I did,'though, Dad said,"That ' s it, our Janet. You're of working age now and you're not coming to workgrandmother pays you properly.“ He did his bes

36、t to make his chin look determined.I shall speak talthough it was mostly just fetching and carrying at a run all morning. I managed not to think of it as work and I looked forward to the bar of chocolate my grandmother passed me unsmilingly as I left. As soon as I was fifteen,7“You' re wanting t

37、o get paid, I hear.The next Saturday, Gran called me into her little office behind the shop. I always hated going in there. She had an electric heater on full blast, and the windows were always kept tightly closed whatever the weather. There were piles of dusty catalogues and brochures on the floor.

38、please, “ I replied. It was rather like visiting the head mistress at school, so I was very quiet and respectful. old are you?” a Fifteen .Gran, “I added for extra politeness, but she looked at me as if I had been cheeky."Fu-timers at your age get two hundred and forty pounds for a thirty-five-

39、 hour week, " she announced in sucway as to leave no doubt that she wa sn ' t in favor of this.“No wonder there's no profit in shop keeping! So Jarwhat ' s that per hour?" Question like thafluswaysd me. Instead of trying to work them out in my head, Iwould just stand there unab

40、le to think straight.Gran angrily,"I ' ll do it myself. I"I ' ll get a pencil and paper, 'll give you 6 pounds an hour; take it or leave it,expect real work for it, mind. No standing about, and if I catch you eating any of thestock, therefered.ll be trouble.“IThat ' s theft

41、, and it_ 力s a crime.From then on, my main job at the shop was filling the shelves. This was dull, but I hardly expected to betrusted with handling the money. Once or twice, however, when Dad was extra busy, Ied to help him by 'd triserving behind the counter. I hated it. It was very difficult to remember the prices of everything. Certain customers made unkind remarks about this, increasing my confusion and t