新概念英语第二册第1课笔记

1、LeSSOn 1 A PriVate COnVerSatiOnNew WOrdS and expressions生词和短语(12)Pr i Vate adj.私人的 COnVerSation n. 谈话 theatre n.剧场，戏院 Seat IT 座位 angry adj. 生气的 angr i Iy adv.生乞地 attention n.注意 bear v.容忍Play n.戏IOUdIy adv.大声地1 > Pr i vate (1 ) adj.私人的business n.爭rudely adv.无礼地，粗鲁地同艾词:PerSOna IPriVate I ife 私生活Pr

2、i Vate SChOOl 私立学校Pr i Vate Ietter 私人信件Pr i Vate COnVersat ion 私人谈话Pr i Vate COmPany 私人公司Pr i vate SeCretary 私人缺书Pr i vate affairs 私爭That i S for your Pr i Vate ear.那是说给你一个人听的秘密。lt, S my PriVate Ietter(如杲妈妈想看你的信)lt, S my Pr i Vate house(如果陌生人想进你的房子)PriVate 强调隐私"personal 仅指个人的.不强调隐私，没有秘密可言（2） ad

3、j.秘密的 同 51 词：SeCreta Pr ivate/secret PIaCe一个秘密的地方(3) adj.普通的PriVate CitiZen 普通公民I ,m a PriVate citizen. (Citizen n. 公民)Pr i vate SOldier 大兵PriVate Ryan（拯救大兵瑞恩）（4） PUbl ic adj.公众的，公开的（PriVate的反义词）pub IicPUb IicPUblic(5) Pr ivately=in PriVateSChOOl公立学校Ietter公开信PIaCe公共场所adv.私人、秘密PUbl icly adv.公开=in PUb

4、l ic2、COnVerSation n.谈话/talkChatdial OgUe(6) Pr i vacy n.隐私Ifs privacy.这是我的隐私！（不愿让别人知道的）内容可正式可不正式，也可以私人。Let's have a ta Ik0闲聊，就是北京人说的“侃”，说的是无关紧要的事。对话，可以指正式国家与国家会谈。China and KOrea are having a CIialOgUeo（1）交谈指非正式谈话。一般用于正式文体中。SUbjeCt Of COnVerSation 话題They are having a COnVerSatiOno gossip名词变动词嚼舌头

5、，说长道短。vt.表示说的内容表示讲语言时，是及物动词：SPeak English、SPeak ChineSe 表示说话、谈话时，是不及物动词n.谈话，交谈 有着严翡目的的讨论n.讨论COnVerSationSaySPeakSPeeCh discuss discussiOn（2）havetalkCOnVersat ion dialogueChatWith sb.与某人交谈havehavehavetalktalktalkgossiptaIk With sb. =taIk With sb.COnVerSation With sb.=conVerSate With sb.Chat WithaWith

6、/to sb.aboutWith/to sb.sb. =Chat With sb和某人谈话 谈论about sth.和某人谈论某事I have a quiet COnSation With my ClOSeSt friend.I SaW him in COnVerSation With a fr iendNO COnVerSation WhiIe I' m ta Ik ingVIe had a IOng Chat aboUt Old timesin COnVerSatiOn With sb.having COnVerSation With sb我和我最好的朋友进行密谈。 我看见他在和朋

7、友谈话。我讲话的时候不要谈话。 我们聊了许多关于过去的事。 和在聊天表示状态He iS nothing but a gossip.他就是个爱嚼舌头的人。（3）OOnVerSe v.谈话，交谈COnVerSe With sb和菜人谈话（4）have WOrdS With sb.与争吵3、theatre=theater （美式用法）n.剧场（=play house （口语化），戏剧 类似的单词：metre=meter （美式用法）Centre = Center （美式用法）theatre goer戏迷PIay goerCinema n.电影院r drama戏剧OPera 多指歌剧Play(1)地点

8、名词前必须加定冠词的r Cinemago to thdtheatreCOnCert看电影=go to the movies = go to the f i Im 看戏听音乐会(2)地点名词前通常不加定冠词的SChOOl上学hospi ta I住院ChUrCh作礼幷go to QPr i SOn坐牢COl Iege上大学Sea洗海澡town进城以上的名词表示地点时前面可以加the,意为“去地方”表达某种身份时不能加the。He iS in PriSon.He i S in the Pr i son.go to COlIegego to the CO11ege他在坐牢。 他在监狱里。上大学去大学办

9、爭4、seat (1 ) n.座位take a seat/take your Seat 坐下来，就坐 aone' S Seat 请坐 rL a相关词纽：one* S指对号入座指随便就座Offer Sb a Seat给某人让座get a Seat找个座have a good seat/PlaCe坐的位置.不错这里的Seat指PlaCe (指地点)，而不是ChairoIS the Seat taken这个位置有人吗英语最为地道的说法(2) Seat Vt让某人就座Seat sb.让某人就坐，后面会加人he Seated me in/on a COmfOrtable sofa.他让我坐在一张

10、舒服的沙发上。在沙发上.椅子上用On或in均可。(3) 请坐的4种说法： Sit down, PIeaSe(命令性)口语化的Take your Seat,pleaseI Seat yourself, pleaseBe seated, please.(更礼貌)代表状态(4) 作为动词的Seat与Sit的区别Sit (sat, Sitten) vi.就座He is Sitting there.他坐在那儿。Seat yourself。Sit down 坐下be Seated=take a Seat 就坐(5)有一些动词的宾语是反身代词时，等于它的被动语态-hurte dressed devOted

11、SeatedLHe devOted himself to the education. He WaS devOted to the education.be Seated = be Sitting正在坐着C ur .、(dressOneself 二 IbdevOteSeat他把自己奉献给教育芋业。表*状态I found h iSitting in/on a COmfOrtable sofa.（宾补）我发現他坐在一张舒服的沙发上。Seated in/on a COmfOrtable sofa.（that从句）I found that Ihe WaS Seated in/on a COmfOrta

12、ble SOfa WaS Sitting in/On a COmfOrtabIe SOfa-find V think l后接宾语补足语或从句多用宾补be Ii eve JI found him IiStening to th musiCI found her beautiful.(6) vt. 容纳 相当于 hold> accommodateThe ha I I Can Seat 100 person.这个大厅可以容纳 Ioo 人。5、Play （1 ） vt.进行的活动玩运动项目时，前面不加定冠词the 踢足球 打篮球 打羽毛球PIay footbaI IPIay basketbaI

13、IPlay VOlIeybalIPIay CardSPIay CheSS打牌下棋 玩乐器时，PIay thePIay thePIay the guitar 前面要加定冠词the ViOl in 拉小提琴 PianO 弹钢琴 弹吉他(2) vi.玩PIay WithPIay With玩弄、firetoys摆弄 玩火玩玩具(3) n.戏剧go to the theatre go to See a play COmedy 喜剧 悲剧tragedyPlayV/right n.剧作家大声地adv.adv.adv.6、 IOUdly adv.(1)IOUd aloud I OUd Iy(2) read a

14、loudIaUgh IOUd talk IOUd knock IOUdly ring IOUdIyLouder, PleaSeIOUd SPeakerHe SPeakS in a去看戏强调声音大强调出声.不一定是大声 不但声音大而且嘈杂 朗读大声笑大声讲话大声敲打大声按铃大声点扬声器Ioud/h i gh&adj.IOUd在使用时一般都用比较级IOUd adj.他大声讲话。r In a IOW VOiCeJ In a Strong VOiCe In a Weak VOiCe7、angry adj.生乞的 (1 ) angry =CrOSSI WaS angry. /He WaS CrO

15、SSOvoice.低声不但声音大而且有底气声音小且微弱annoy trouble disturb annoyed 恼火的：be blue in the face脸上突然变色程 I WaS annoyedo有些闹心WaS angry/CrOSSoWaS Very angryo am blue in the face.生气非常生气脸色发青（脸邑都青了，相当生气了）(2) be angry WOth sb.生菜人的气be angry ataboUt/over sth.因为而生气(3) anger n.怒气He' SfUIl Of anger他很生气。=he is Very angry.表达心

16、中的请感通常用be ful I Of来表达，置为地道。(4) angr i Iy adv. 生气地=With angerangr iIy.With anger介词词组表达情感时用with,等于它的副词。 CliffiCUltly=With difficult Sml ingly=with a SmiIe8、attent ion n.注意(U.) Attention, please. 请注意 attention 注意 attention to must Pay attention a IittIe attention much attention more attent iOn no atten

17、tion I ittIe attention CIOSe attentiOn enough attention SOme attentionPayPayYOUf PayPayPayPayPayPayPay9、 bear(1) Vt.CanWho(2) vt.PayAttenti on!Stand toStand at(bore,承受，attention.词根：attend 参加、照顾（口语）对注意to that girl. 稍加注意 多加注意 更多注意 不用注意 不太注意 特别注意 足够关注 注意to是介词立正 口语化正式用法稍息born） v.容忍 支撑，承担，负担ease.the ice

18、bear my WeightWi I I忍受bear the COSt谁来承担这笔费用（一般与表示"能够”的字眼，如can、COUldr be able to连用于疑问句及否定句中)She eats看着受不了。HOW Can you bear IiVing in this PlaCe你怎么能受得了住在这个地方 I can' t bear it.r bearStandendurePUt UPSUffertoo fast. I can, t bear to WatCh/watching her. 她吃得太快。我bear/Stand/endure忍受的极限在加大忍受，容忍With多

19、指承受自热、病痛等(3) vt.生育be born bear a生于Childgive bi rth to sb(4) Vt怀有的情感 bear sth. in mind I ' I I bear it in mind.(5) 记住生育孩子比较生硬委婉的说法把记在心里我会把它记在心里。remember/reca I l/recol Iect记是（原来记过）记住（原来没记过）memorZe背诵recite Iearn sth. by heart(6) bear n.熊bear hug热请(热烈)的拥抱give sb. a bear hug10、business n.事.生意(1) n.生

20、意business man 生意人do business 做生意go On business 公出(2) n.某人自己的私人的事情r thing所有的事都可以用thing来表示matter多指麻烦事爭J affair (S) 指国际大爭 business多指商业、生意上的事Q incident 指特殊的一件小爭，尤其指巧合的小事lt,s none Of your business.不关你的爭。(3) 职业/What, S your job你是做什么工作的What do you doJ What are youWhat Iine/business are you inJWhat' S y

21、our OCCUPation11 > rudely adv.无礼地，粗鲁地(1 ) rude adj.粗鲁的，无礼的 同义词：impolite 反艾词：POl ite be rude to sb. 对某人粗鲁 a rude answer 粗鲁的回答(2) 表示人们的心理情感的形容词变名词吋多用-nessrudeness n. 粗鲁k i ndness(3) r ShOUt atCry atShOUt toCry togoodness at表示近距离，且多含有侮辱的意思to表示远距离，不含有侮辱成分Ca I I OUt toPOint at sb.指着某人(很不礼貌的)+ offor sb

22、丿+tothat从句 doing do sth.(4) It' S广 被动语,勺V名词麦语形容词It's rude Of sb to do sth.It' S + adj. + for sb.表示这件事对某人的影响结果，人是动作的执行止匕类形容词有：dangerous> safe、 easy、difficuIt、hard、Clifferent> necssary>essential* norma Iimportantyou to StUdy English to help you.him to WaIk OUtSide表示这件事反映某人的品质ItItI

23、timportart for easy for them dangerous for It' S + adj. + Of Sb 此类形容词有：rude> kind> fr iendly> polite、nice. CrUel It' s+ n. + of/for sb.常用的名词有：a pity、a shame、funIt' S a Pity for him to miss the class. It' F no USe doing no goodIt' S no USe Crying now.12> Pay vt. &v

24、i支付(1) vt. &vi支付(价款等)HaVe you Paid the taxi-driverYOU Can Pay a deposit Of thirty POUndS您可以先付 30 英镑的定金1, 11 Pay by inStaIments°I pa id 50 do I Iars for th i s sk i rt. (payfor sth.花/支付(钱)买)(2) vt. &vi.给予(注意等)；去(访问)They did IlOt Pay any attent ionoWe Paid a ViSit to OUr teacher IaSt Sund

25、ay.上星期天我们去幷访了 老师。(3) n.工资，报酬I have not received my Pay yet.我还没有领到工资BO二、Grammer(一) 一般现在时1>结构(1) 主语+动词原形(2) 主语+be动词+非动词2、常用的时间副词(1) 频率副词a I ways > USUa I IyX often、SOme ti mes、ever > n ever > Se I dom (=rarely)> frequently(2) in the morning、at night、On SUnday> every+时间名词(3) 次数+时间段以上的

26、词均用how Often提问。测试答案：(1 ) The teacher asked US to read aloud.老师让我们朗读。The teacher Iet US read aloud(2) He IaUghed at (made fun Of) me in PUbI ic, and I COUIdn' t bear him 他 在公共场合嘲笑我，我无法忍受他。(3) It's dangerokrs for you to PIay With fire in thde Street在大街上玩火是很危险的。that you PIay With fire in the St

27、reet(4) He Cried/shouted at me angr i ly/with anger他生气地向我喊叫。(5) I Seated him in a COmfOrtable PlaCe(6) I Often go rto the theatre我经常去看戏。See a PIay.(7) He doesn, t Pay any attention to may WOrdS他根本不注意我的话OHe PayS On attention to may WOrdS(8) Can the ha I I Seat 500 people.这个大厅能容纳 500 人吗(9) By the end

28、Of IaSt year, he had been in COl Iege for three yearsi,年年底，他已经上大学三年了。(10) ThiS iS a Pr ivate COmPUter, you can' t USe it. 这是一部私人电脑，你 不能用它。3、一般现在时的用法：(1) 表示经常发生的动作。(2) 表示客观规律或自然現象。The earth runs/moves/traveIS around the sun.地球绕着太阳转QThere are SeVen days in a Week一周有七天。Light travels fast.光速很快。PraCt

29、iCe makes PerfeCt熟能生巧。(3) 表示主语的特征、身份、状态等等。He, s a teacherThey* re happy.以下动词能表达主语的身份、状态等：live、WOrkX StUdyI I i Ve i n Pan j i n.He StUdies hard(4) 表示主语的爱好、能力等。I Iike Engl ish.like、know> UnderStand 永远不会有进行时。I SPeak Engl i Sh well. v/el I 在这里表达能力 O(5) 用在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，时态为：主将从现表示时间状语从句的连词：WherK as s

30、oon as、after> before适用于此种情况的.表示条件状语从句的连词：if、UnIeSS ( = if not)表示让步状语从句的连词：no matter how 虽然但是I WiIl run into the room as SOOn as it rains.主将从现if用在真实条件状语从句中，适用于“主将从现”。Un I ess he comes, I WilI Ca I I him. =If he does n' t come, I Wi I I Ca I I him. 如果他不来，我将给他打电话。no matter 不管no matter +疑问词=疑问词-e

31、verr"No matter how much advice you give, he won' t follow HOWeVer much advice you give, he won, t foI Iov(6) 表示计划好或安排好的动作(句子中要有明确的时间状语)常用的动词有：begin> leave、start、go> come、arrive、stop、open> ShUt* return等，且主语大多都是物。The train IeaVeS at ei ght.火车8点钟开。The meet ing StartS/begins at eight将在

32、 8 点钟召开会议。(二) 现在进行时K构成主语 ÷be÷doi ng2、时间词(1) 表示时间点now=at PreSent=at the moment = for the time being(2) 表示时间段this days> this year> this month 表示这段时间一直在做一件事，但说话这 一刻不一定在做。(3) 前或后有祈使句，用进行时The train iS COming Hurry!(4) 前面的句子有时间条件，后面的句子用进行时。it可以表达天气、距离、吋间等lt' S 3, the StUdents are StUdy

33、ing in the CIaSSrOOmIt' S fall, the IeaVeS are fa I Iing.(5) 表示发展、变化的动词，用进行时来表达常用的动词有：get> becomeIt' S getting COlder(6) a I ways > frequent I y用在現在吋表达陈述爭实.用在进行时表示报怨或赞美的语 气。r He always helps others. 他总是帮助别人。"1 He, s always helping othersThey are alv/ays making noises.他们总是弄出噪音。They

34、 always make noises(7) 短暂动词用进行时表达將来时。Come> go> die、 IeaVeHe is dying他快死了。When is he COming他什么时候来(8) 以图片为背景，介绍图片里的情况时，用进行时。(9) 可以表达说话者非常关切的口气。HOW are you fee I i ng(三) 一般将来时十一种：1、主语+be÷go i ng÷to do2、主语÷willshall÷do3、短暂动词用进行时表达将来时。4、打算性动词用現在时表达将来时WantX hope、mean、intend、aim、P

35、lan 后接 to do,永远没有进行时5、主语÷be+to do6、主语+ be +about+to do7、主语+ set out/off+to do8、主语+ set aboUt+do i ng9、主语+情态动词+ do10、祈使句可代表将来时11、主语+be+due to+do(二)将来时的时间词1、t OmOrrOW 类的tomOrrOw、the day after tomorrow、tomOrrOw evening、the day after tomOrrOW in the evening (后天晚上)2、next+吋间名词ne×t year、 the year

36、 after next3、in+时间段=in+时间段's+time2011-07-24SOOn = ShOrt I y=before IOng不久之后in the future遥远的舟来，未来in future很近的将来= from now On从现在开始的时间after + 时间点after Mayin+时间段SOme dayOne day有可能用将来时，也可以用过去时3、一般将来时的用法(1 )主语 + be÷going to表达个人打算主观意图比较强烈(2) WilI表达客观或自然性NeXt year Wi I I be 2002.IWiII be 12 next ye

37、arFiSh WiIl die Without water.TUrn r ight,you Wi I I See the SChOol.There WiIl be a ClaSS tomorrow明天将会有一堂课。 There i Sgoing to be a ClaSS tomorrowThere be结构表示“存在”,某处有某物HaVe表示“有.拥有”，主语必须为有生命的名词。There iS going to be rain tomorrow There Wi I I be rain to morrow 正式用法It Wi I I rain tomrrowWiIl含有个人的祝愿和意愿的意

38、思，对于一件爭情的可能性.遥远的事情也用WillWi I I含有个人心甘悄愿的意思ShaIl用于陈述句时.多指法条，含有命令的意思，意为“应该比ShoUId语气更为 强烈I be I ieve that China WiIl be StrOnger and Stronger.Oi I and Water can' t mix tOgetherwon, t可以表达“不能相当于can' tMy Pen won' t work. 我的笔坏了。表示“容量”时，可以用WiIl表达，相当于can.The ha I I WiIl Seat 100 people.(3) be to d

39、o直接表打算，表示命令或要求的口气(4) be about to do最迫在眉睫的眼看要发生的最紧迫的be about to do没有特别的时间词，后面往往接VVhen引导的时间状语从句He WaS about to die When We found him. 当我们发现他的时候，他眼看就要死了。 The train Wi I I IeaVe at 8. 火车将在 8 点钟开。I The train IeaVeS at 8J The train is IeaVing at 8.(5) be due to do表达有一定的时间点(6) Set out/off to do 着手去做Set OUt

40、/off单独用时，意为“出发”四、一般过去时1、结构主语+wa s/we r e+非动词主语+动词的过去式助动词是didUSed to doWOUId do2、时间词(1) yesterday IaSt night the day before yesterday the year before IaStThe day before yesterday in the evening(2) last+时间名词(3) 时间段+ago(4) 明确的过去时间(5) IOng IOng ago=once UPOn a time(6) before +r 单词(7) One day 一天 OnCe 曾经

41、the Other day 几天祈 in the Old days 在过去的时 光then那时3、一般过去时的用法(1) 应用于现在时的时间副词都可以用在过去时，但要有明确的过去时间(2) 谈到死去的人要用过去时(3) 表示过去的一连串动作，没说明确的时间(4) 时间、让步、条件状语从句，也适用于“主将从现”，主句是过去將来时，从句是 一般过去时。多用于间接引语。He Said he WOUld tell you When he SaW you. 他说他见到你就会告诉你。(5) wish、WOnder> hope、think用它们做主句的头，从句表示试探性的语气I thought you

42、 may have SOme advice 我想你应该有些建议。=Can you give me SOme(6) When引导的从句是一般过去时，主句以过去类为主。五、过去将来时1、结构主语+was/Were going to doWOUId doWas/were to doWas/were about to do过去将来吋不能单独使用.需放在冬种从句中使用。He asked me i f there WaS go i ng to be ra i n tomOrrOwThey WOndered (Wanted to know) When I COUld finished the task. 他

43、们想知道 我什么时间完成任务。六、过去进行时主语+was/Were+do i ng(1) 用在讲故事的背景It WaS a Winter, the Wind WaS blowing Stronglyhard, the SnOW WaS fa I Iing, a Iittle girl WaS Walking in/on the street(2) 在过去的菜一时刻(T)at that timemoment=then 在那时At that ti me, he WaS SmOk ing. at this time+过去时间At this time yesterday, he WaS SIeePin

44、g at+钟点+过去时间At 3 o, CIOCk yesterday, he WaS PIaying basketbaI I. always用在过去进行进也可表达赞美或抱怨的语气。 复合句的时间状语从句中，其中的一个句子一定是过去时，另外一个句子的动词是延 续性动词，則用过去进行时。When I Came in, She WaS COOking dinnerWhen She WaS COOking dinner, I Came in.(七) 现在完成时有两种形式：已完成式，到现在为止，已经做完菜事 动词都是短暂动词He has left.未完成式，到现在为止，尚在发展进行当中动词都是延续性动

45、词He has IiVed here for three years和过去时的区别He WaS a teacher.He has been a teacher过去时有明确的时间完成时的时间比较模糊1、结构主语+havehas+donehave/has 是助动词2、时间状语(1)时间副词：a I ready > st i I I > just > yet、ever、never、before> lately、recently a I ready 在肯定句中，行前' be后 He has a I ready COme用在疑问句句尾，表达惊讶的语气HaS he COme

46、 a I ready StiIl r 在肯定句和疑问句中译为“仍然、还”，位置是行前be后It' S StiIl ear Iy在否定句中译为"尚未”，位置是助动词之前He Still hasn, t COmeStiIl作为形容词时，意为“宁静的，寂静的"在一起。 yet用在否定句或疑问句句尾 hard Iy ever=aImost everhard Iy any=aImost noI have hard Iy any money.二I have almost no money.He hardly ever goes ShOPPing.=He aImost never goes ShOPPing. before可以用在吋间段之后，也可以单独使用。 Iately和recently意为“最近"，通常用在完成时(2) 包括“现在”在内