英美国家概况课后题及答案

1、叮叮小文库Chapter 21. The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T)2. The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8 th and 5th centuries BC.(T)3. The n ame of Britai n came from a Celtic tribe- the Brit on s.(T)4. The An glo-Sax ons came to Brita in in the mid-5th cen tury.

2、(T)5. The chief or king of the Anglo-Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F)6. The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the t8 century.(T)7. He nry II built up a large empire which in cluded En gla nd and most of Fran ce.(T)8. The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of

3、both the privileged class and the tow nspeople.(F)9. The Hun dred Years' War was a series of wars fought betwee n En gla nd and Norma ns foe trade and territory.(F)1O.ln an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Relig

4、ious Reformation.(T)1. The D attack on Rome en ded the Roma n occupati on in Britai n in 410.A. Norman B. Da nish C. CelticD. Germa nic2. By the late 7th century, _D became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic Christia nityB. An glo-Saxon Christia nityC. Germa nic Christia nityD. Roma n Christ

5、ia nity3. Westmi nster Abbey was built at the time of B .A. St. August ineB. Edward the Con fessorC. William the Con querorD. Alfred the Great4. The C marked the establishme nt of feudalism in En gla nd.A. Viki ng inv asi onB. sig ning of the Magna CartaC. Norma n Conq uestD. Adopti on of com mon la

6、w5. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of C .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lan caster6. The direct cause for the Religious Reformati on was Ki ng Henry VIII 'effort toA. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the Protesta ntsD.

7、 declare his supreme power over the church7. The En glish Civil War broke out in 1642 between B.A. Protesta nts and Purita nsB. Royalists and Parliame ntaria nsC. n obles and peasa ntsD. aristocrats and Christia ns8. A was passed after the Glorious Revolutio n.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC.

8、Provisio ns of OxfordD. Mag na Carta9. The In dustrial Revoluti on was accomplished in Brita in by the middle of the _C cen tury.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th10. Brita in faced stro ng challe nges in its global imperial dominance by the beg inning of the D century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20thChapter

9、31. C onven ti ons are regarded less importa nt tha n com mon law in the worki ng of theBritish gover nmen t.(F)2. The British mon archy has n ever bee n in terrupted throughout the history.(F)3.ln reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(F)4. British Parliame nt is

10、the law-maki ng body of the Common wealth of Natio ns.(F)5. Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House.(T)6. The members in the House of Commons are appo in ted rather tha n elected.(F)7. The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.

11、(T)8. Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties inParliame nt.(F)9. British law con sists of two parts,the civil law and the crim in al law.(T)10. The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are muchsimilar in terms of law, organization an

12、d practice.(F)1. The British gover nment is characterized by a divisi on of powers betwee n three ofthe followi ng bran ches with the excepti on of theC .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. mon archyD. executive2. The importa nee of the British mon archy can be see n in its effect on D .A. passing the bill

13、sB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude3. As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to B the Houseof Commons.A. rivalB. compleme ntC. criticize D. in spect4. British Cabinet works on the prin ciple of A .A. collective resp on sibilityB. i ndividual resp on sibil

14、ityC. defe nding the collectivismD. defe nding the in dividuals5. The main duty of the British Privy Coun cil is toB .A. make decisions B. give advice C. pass bills D. supervise the Cabinet6. In Britai n, the parliame ntary gen eral electio n is held every C years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six7. C ha

15、s a distinet legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. En gla ndC. Scotla ndD. Northern Irela nd8. Gen erally speak ing, the British Parliame nt operates on a B system.A. sin gle-partyB. two-party C. three-party D. multi-party9. The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism

16、 andD_ .A. gover nment in terve ntio nB. n ati on alizati on of en terprisesC. social reformD. a belief in in dividualism10. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it AA. set up the Nati onal Health ServiceB. improved public tran sportatio nC. abolished the old tax systemD.enha

17、n ced the econo mic developme ntChapter 41. Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.(T)2. The British economy experie need a relative decli ne duri ng the postwar period.(T)3. Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that preve nted rapid econo mic devel

18、opme nt in Brita in .(F)4. Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British econi mic and social problems.(F)5. The econo mic approach adopted by Tony Blair is differe nt from that of the Labor party and the Con servative Party.(T)6. Blair made the Bank of E

19、ngland independent in order to separate politics and econo mic policy.(T)7. Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.(F)8. The fish ing in dustry provides more tha n 50%of Brita in's dema nd for fish.(T)9. Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil indust

20、ry has a long history.(F)10. Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.(T)1. The British economy achieved global dominance by the C .A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD.1890s2. In B , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state.A. 1945B.1946C.1947D.19483. Th

21、e A in the early 1970s worse ned an already stag nant economy in Brita in.A. oil crisisB. high in flati on ratesC. large importsD. un employme nt problem4. Of the following practices, C does not belong to Thatcher's social welfare reform.A. reduci ng child ben efitsB. shorte ning the un employme

22、 nt ben efits periodC. reduci ng the un employme ntD. loweri ng old age pensions5. The Blair government has been successfuI in all the following aspects except D_ .A. limiti ng gover nment spe ndingB. keep ing in flati on un der con trolC. reduci ng un employme ntD. reduci ng in equality6. Brita in

23、has devoted C of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84%7. Britai n's importa nt fish ing areas in clude all the followi ng except D.A. the North SeaB. the En glish Cha nnelC. The sea area around Irela nd D. The sea area betwee n Brita in and Irela nd8. Coal mining industry in Brita

24、in provides B of the energy consumed inthe coun try.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/39. The car in dustry in Britai n in mostly A .A. foreig n-owned B. state-ow nedC. joi nt-ve nture D. privately-ow ned10. Of the following sectors in Britain,C has experieneed spectaculargrowth since the end of Word War II.A.

25、 Agriculture B. energy industry C. service industry D.manufacturing industryChapter 51. The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.(F)2. Education in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.(F)3. The National Curriculum is compulsory i

26、n both the state system and the in depe ndent system.(F)4. When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE exami natio n.(T)5. Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.(

27、T)6.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.(T)7. Most British people beg in their day with read ing the morning n ewspaper and end it watch ing televisi on in the eve nin g.(T)8. The Timesis the world's oldest n ati onal n ewspaper(F)9. The BBC World Service bro

28、adcasts only in English throughout the world.(F)10.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian cale ndar, and others are related to local customs and traditi on s.(T)1. In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by the in

29、troduction of comprehensive schools in the D .A. 1930sB.1940sC.1950sD.1960s2. About B of British childre n receive primary and sec on dary educatio n through the in depe ndent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%3. Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remai ni

30、ng funds from all the followi ng sources except B .A. tuiti on feesB. loa nsC. don ati onsD.corporate con tributi ons4. Of the following, _A is NOT a basis of admission to Britain 'uni versities.A. result in n ati onal entrance testB. A-level resultC. an in terviewD. school refere nces5. To be a

31、dmitted to the Ope n Uni versity, one n eedB .A. some educatio nal qualificatio nsB. no educati onal qualificatio nsC. General Certificate of Education-Advaneed D.General National Vocational Qualificati ons6. Among Britain 'quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as theBigThree” wit

32、h the excepti on ofC .A. The Times B. The Guardia n C. The Observer D. The Daily Telegraph7. Life on Earth is a kind of C program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500 millio n viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. docume ntary D. soap opera8. D is Britain 'top pay television provider.A.

33、 BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB9. Of the followi ng,D is NOT a com mon feature of all the Britishholidays.A. families gett ing togetherB. frie nds excha nging good wishesC. frie nds enjoying each others compa ny D. families traveli ng overseas10. The following Christmas traditions are particularly Britis

34、h except A .A. Troop ing the ColorB. Queen's Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pan tomimeChapter 91. America was n amed after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.(T)2. The sec ond Con ti nen tal Con gress was held in Philadelphia, and the Continen tal Army

35、and Navy were foun ded un der the comma nd of Thomas Jeffers on .(F)3. The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single, indivisible nation.(T)4. Ma ny America n people approved of the Viet nam War.(F)5. During Clinton's term, the economy developed steadil

36、y, resulting in a lower rate of un employme nt.(T)6.ln 1990, American troops and the troops from allied nations launched Operation Desert Storm in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.(T)7. Accord ing to the America n admi nistrati on, Saddam Husse in and Osama bin Lade n were resp on sible for

37、 the terrorist eve nt on September11,2001.(F)8. The America government regarded Iraq a nation among the "axis of evil".(T)9.On March 19,2003,American and United Nation's troops, supported by several other coun tries, bega n an inv asi on of Iraq.(F)10. Although the combat operations in

38、 Iraq are over, it is still hard for America to decide whe n to withdraw its army.(T)1. The first successful English colony in North America was founded atCin .A. Jamestow n, Louisia naB. Bost on, MassachusettsC. Jamestow n, Virgi niaD. Plymouth, Georgia2. Pilgrim Fathers are a group of B who came t

39、o America to avoidpersecuti on in En gla nd.A. Protesta ntsB. Purita nsC. CatholicsD. Christia ns3. The Seve n YearsWar occurred betwee n the C .A. French and America n In dia nsB. French and Spa ni ardsC. French and BritishD. British and America n In dia ns4. No taxation without representatior” was

40、 the rallying slogan ofD .A. the settlers of Virgi niaB. the people of Penn sylva niaC. the colo nists in New En gla ndD. the people of the 13 colonies.The first shots of the America n War of In depe ndence were fired in BA. Con cordB. Lex ingtonIn May 1775, _B was held infunctions of a n ati

41、o nal gover nment.A. the First Con ti nen tal Con gressC. the Boston Tea PartyC. Philadelphia D. Boston Philadelphia and bega n to assume theB. the Sec ond Continen tal Con gressD. the Con gress of Con federati onAbraham Lincoln issued C to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declarati on of In depe nden

42、ceC. Eman cipatio n Proclamati onThe policy of the United States wasB. Con stituti onD. Bill of RightsA at the beg inning of the two worldwars.A. n eutrality B. full invo Iveme ntC. partial invo Iveme ntD. appeaseme nt9. Preside nt C applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depressi o

43、n.A. Wils onB. Truma nC. RooseveltD. Kenn edy10. The Viet nam War was a Ion g-time sufferi ng for America ns, and it continuedthroughout the terms of Preside nts D .A. Joh nson, Nix on and FordB. Truma n, Eise nhower and Kenn edyC. Kenn edy, Joh nson and NixonD. Eise nhower, Kenn edy and Joh nsonCha

44、pter 101. Bill of Rights was written into the Constitution in 1787.(F)2. The form of American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separati on of powers, and respect for the Con stituti on and the rule of law.(T)3. The U.S. Congress is the legislative branch of the federal g

45、overnment and it consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords.(F)4. Certain presidential appointments must be approved by Congress.(T)5. The judicial branch of the federal government consists of a series of courts: the Supreme Court, the courts of appeals and the district cour

46、ts.(T)6. Like Britain, the United States has a two-party system.(T)7. The Democratic Party is con servative in terms of its ideology.(F)8. America n preside ntial campaig n adheres to the "wi nn er-take-all" practice.(T)9. America n foreig n policy throughout the World War II was n eutrali

47、ty.(F)10. American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and in terve ntio n.(T)1. The U. S. Con stituti on came into effect inB.A.1787B.1789C.1791D.17932. The Con stituti on of the Un ited StatesC .A. gives the most power to Con gressB. gives the most power to the Preside ntC. t

48、ries to give each branch eno ugh power to bala nee the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court3. The Bill of Rights B .A. defi nes the rights of Con gress and the rights of the Preside ntB. guara ntees citize ns of the Un ited States specific in dividual rights and freedomsC. is part of t

49、he Declarati on of In depe ndenceD. has no relati on ship with the Con stituti on4. The followi ng except B are guara nteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religi onB. the right to get into people'house by policeC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one' weapon if one wish

50、es5. All the followi ng except C cannot make legislative proposal.A. the Sen atorB. the Represe ntativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the Preside nt6. The followi ng except C are all powers of the Preside nt.A. veto ing any bills passed by Con gressB. appo inting federal judges whe n vaca ncies occurC.

51、 maki ng lawsD. issu ing executive orders7. Accord ing to the Con stituti on, a can didate for Preside nt must be D.A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 yearsresident of the United StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above8. The terms for a Senator and Representative are D and yearsrespectivel

52、y.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two9. The Supreme Court is composed ofD justices.A. sixB. seve nC. eightD. nine10. The Preside nt is directly voted into office by C .A. all citize ns of AmericaB. the citize ns over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the sen ators and repre

53、se ntativesChapter 111. America is the world's largest in dustrial n ati on. (T)2. America has a mixed economy and the government has little control over bus in esses.(F)3. Charter compa nies con tributed to Britai n's successful coloni zati on of the U.S.(T) 4.In the U.S. Constitution, the

54、recognition of the importance of "intellectual property" could be ide ntified.(T)5. Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the owners of plantation in the South made more profits from selling their agriculture products.(F)6. President Roosevelt's New Deal had litt

55、le effect in dealing with the economic crisis in the early 1930s.(F)7. The 1960s was a period of con solidati on for the America n bus in esses.(F)8. American agricultural exports outweigh imports, leaving a surplus in the agricultural bala nee of trade.(T)9. Auto product ion is one of the importa n

56、t sectors in America n manu facturi ng in dustry.(T)10. The world economy has little to do with the growth and decline of the American foreig n trade.(F)1. America produces a major portion of the world ' products in the following fields except C .A. mach ineryB. automobiles C. oreD. chemicals2.

57、The moder n America n economy progressed from C to , andeve ntually, to.A. colonial economy, han dcraft economy, in dustrial economyB. farmi ng economy, han dcraft economy, in dustrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, in dustrial economyD. han dcraft economy, farmi ng economy, in dustria

58、l economy3. Chartered compa nies were NOT gran ted the D by the British Ki ng orQuee n.A. political authorityB. econo mic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority4. The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge ofD.A. George Wash ingtonB. Thomas Jeffers onC. An