四级阅读段落信息匹配题及答案分析

1、四级阅读段落信息匹配题及答案分析SectionBDirections ： Inthissection ，youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Each statementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Ident ifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychoos eaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.An swertheq

2、uestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerShee t2.HowtoUseaLibraryA)You redrivingyourcarhomefromworkorsch001.Andsomethinggoeswron9.Theenginestallsoutatlights ，holdsbackasyougotopass.Itneedsatuneupandsoon.Wheredoyougo?T helibrary.Youcantakeoutanautorepairmanualthattellsstepbyste phowtotuneupyour

3、makeandmodel.Oryourtennisgamehasfallenoff.Y ouvelostyourtouchatthe.Wheredoyougo?Thelibraryforafewbooksoni mprovingyourtennisform.B) “Thelibrary! ” yousay. “ That swheremyteachersendsmetodoughhomework."Unfortunately,I vefoundthat sexactlythewaymanypeoplefeel.Ifyou reamongthem.youredenyingyoursel

4、ftheeasiestwaytoimproveyourself,enjoyyourse lfandevencopewithlife.Myfirstsuggestionformakingthemostofyo urlibraryistodowhatIdid ， readandreadandread.Forpleasure andforunderstanding.C)Ifit sTVthatkeepsyoufromcultivatingthisdelicioushabit ，Icanofferasureremedy.Takehomefromthelibraryastackofbookstha tm

5、ightlookinterestin9.PilethemontheTVset.Nexttimeyouaretemp tedtoturnonaprogramyoureallydon twanttosee ， reachforabookinstead.D)Overtheyears ，peoplecollectamentallistofbookstheymeantoread.Ifyoudon thavesuchalist ， hereisthesuggestion.Takefromthelibrarysomeofthebooksyoumigh thaveenjoyeddramatizedonTV,l

6、ikeRemargue sAllQuietontheWesternFront ， Clavell sShegun， Tolkien sTheHobbit ， orVictorHugo sLesMiseRables.Ifyoulikewhatyouread youcanfollowupwithothersatisfyingbooksbythesameauthors.E)Somepeopleintheirreadinglimitthemselvestocurrenttalked aboutbestsellers.Ohwhattheymiss!Thelibraryisfullofyesterday

7、sbestsellers;andtheystillmakepellingreadingtoday.SomethatI'veenjoyed ： A.B.Guthrie sTheBigSky， CarlVanDoren sBenjaminFranklin ， MariSandoz s.OldJules ， andNormanMailer sTheNakedandtheDead.F)Howdoyoufindtheseoranyotherbooksyou relookingfor?Itseasy withthecardcatalog.EverytimeIgotothelibrary andIg

8、omorethanonceaweekIinvariablymakeabeelinetothecardcatalogbeforeanythingelse.Itsthenucleusofanypubliclibrary.Thecardcataloglistseverybookinthelibraryby ： 1.author;2.title;3.subject.Let spickaninterestingsubjecttolookup.Ihavealwaysbeenfascinatedbyastronomy.You llbesurprisedatthewealthofmaterialyouwill

9、findunder“ astrongmy ” todrawupon.Andtheabsorbingbooksyoudidn tknowexistedonit.CAUTION ：Alwayshaveapencilandpaperwhenyouusethecardcatal09.G)Onceyoujotdownthenumbersofthebooksyouareinterestedinyouarereadytofindthemontheshelves.Librariescalltheshelves thestackswillbeopenforyoutobrowse.Tomethereisaspec

10、ialthrill intrackingdownthebooksIwantinthestacks!Forinvariably,Ifindb ooksaboutwhichIknewnothin9 ，thestacks.Inmanysmallerlibrarieswhichyou llbeusingandtheseoftenturnouttobetheveryoneslneed.Youwillfindthesame thinghappeningtoyouwhenyoustarttobrowseinthestacks.“ Alearnedmindistheendproductofbrowsing.”

11、CAUTION ： Ifyoutakeabookfromthestackstoyourworkdeskdonottrytoreturnittoitsproperplace.That sworkfortheexperts.Ifyoureplaceitincorrectly,thenextseekerw on tbeabletofindit.H)SrmedmenandwomeninAmericaare thelibrarianswhospecializeinprovidingreferencehelp.Introduc eyourselfS

12、tateyourproblem.Andbeamazedathowmuchhepyouwillrec eive.CAUTION： Dontwastethetimeofthisexpertbyaskingsillyquestionsyououghttosolveyourself.Savethereferencelibrarianforthereallybigones.I)Youshot ：ldalsolearntousetheReader'sGuidetoPeriodicalLiterature.Thisgreen boundindexismeofthemostusefulitemsina

13、nylibrary.Itindexesallthearticlesinthemajormagazines ，includingnewspapermagazinesupplements.Thusitprovidesaguidet otheverylatestexpertinformationofanysubjectthatinterestsyou .Soifyouwanttodoareallyfirst classjob ， findoutwhichmagazinesyourlibrarysubscribesto ，thenconsulttheReader'sGuideandtrackd

14、ownrecentarticlesonyour subject.Whenyouusethiswonderfultooleffectively,youshowthema rkofarealscholar.J）Sinceyoucantakemostbookshome ， butnotmagazines ， takefullnoteswhenusingthelatter.Manylibrariestodayprovidear eprographicmachinethatcanquicklycopypagesyouneedfrommagazin esandbooks.Askaboutit ：Ifyou

15、areworkingonaprojectofsomesizewhichwillrequirerepeated libraryvisits ， keepasmallnotebookinwhichyourecordtheidentificationnumberso fthebooksyouwillbeusingfrequently.Thiswillsaveyouvaluableti me， becauseyouwonthavetoconsultthecardcatalogorsearchaimlesslythroughthestac kseachtimeyouvisitformaterialyou

16、seek.Solfieoftheverybestboo ksinanylibraryarethereferencebooks ，whichmaynotbetakenhome.Learnwhattopicstheycoverandhowbesttousethem， forthesebooksarewonderfulrepositories（ 储藏室、资料库 ）ofhumanknowledge.K)Yourlibrarycangiveyouhelponanysubject.Itcanevenbeyourbusi nessandlegaladvisor.Howmanytimeshaveyouscra

17、tchedyourheadove rhowtogetataxrebate( 折扣 )onyoursummerjob?You ， 11findguidestothat.Wanttodefendyourselfintrafficcoup?Findou thowinlegalbooksatthelibrary.L)LibraryProjectsCanBeFunandRewardin9.Hereareafewideas1.Whatareyourroots?Traceyourancestors.Manylibrariesspeciali zeingenealogy.2.DidGeorgeWashingt

18、onsleepnearby?OrBillytheKid?Yourlibrary scollectionoflocalhistorybookscanputyouonthetrail.3.CookaPolynesianfeast.OranancientRomanbanquet.Readhowinthe library scookbooks.4.Takeupphotography.Checkthelibraryforconsumerreviewsofcame rasbeforeyoubuy.Takeoutbooksonlightin9 ， position ， ordarkroomtechnique

19、sor younameit!M)Ifyouhaven ， tdetectedbynowmyenthusiasmforlibraries letmeoffertwopersonalnotes.I'mparticularlypleasedthatinrece ntyearstwobeautifullibrarieshavebeennamedafterme asmallmunitylibraryinQuakertown ， Pennsylvania ，andthehugeresearchlibrarylocatedattheUniversityofNorthernCo loradoinGre

20、eley.AndIlikelibrariessomuchthatImarriedalibrari an.46 .Thenucleusofanypubliclibraryisthecar， dcatalog.47 .Yesterday sbestsellersarestillgoodforreadin9 ， whichshouldn tbeoverlooked.48.Theauthorsuggeststhatpeopleshouldgotothelibraryforanswer swhenthingsgowrong49.TheReader ， sGuideisagreen boundindexw

21、hichprovidesaguidetoverylatestexpertinformationo fanysubjectthatinterestsreaders.50.ThesureremedytokicktheTVhabitistotakehomefromthelibraryi nterestingbookstoread.51.Therearevariouskindsoffunandrewardingprojectsavailablein differentlibraries.52.Anotebookwillhelpreaderstorecordtheidentificationnumber

22、s ofthefrequentlyusedbookswhichcan tbetakenhome.53.Readersshouldnottrytoreturnthebooktakenfromthestackstoth eirdesktoitsproperplace.54 .Whenaskingforhelp ，readersaresuggestednotaskingthereferencelibrarianssillyquestionstheyoughttosolvethemselves.55 .Whenaskingforhelp ，readersaresuggestednotaskingthe

23、referencelibrarianssillyquestionstheyoughttosolvethemselves.46 .Thenucleusofanypubliclibraryisthecardcatalog.任何公共图书馆的核心都是卡片目录。【解析】F) 。细节题。根据句中的关键词Thenucleusofanypubliclibrary 可将本句定位在 F)段的前四句。怎样找到这些，或其他你想找的书呢?很简单用卡片目录。每次去图书馆的时候我每周至少去一次在做任何事之前， 我每次都会径直走向卡片目录。它是所有公共图书馆的核心。47 .Yesterday sbestsellersares

24、tillgoodforreadin9 ，whichshouldn tbeoverlooked. 过去的畅销书仍然值得一读， 不容错 过。【解析】 E) 。 细节题。 根据句中关键词 yesterday sbestsellers可定位在E)段的前三句。有些人读书只限于当前受到热评的畅销书。哦， 他们错过了多少好东西呀! 图书馆满是从前的畅销书 ; 而且它们在今天仍深深吸引着读者。48.Theauthorsuggeststhatpeopleshouldgotothelibraryforanswer swhenthingsgowrong.作者建议遇到难题到图书馆寻求答案。【解析】 A) 。归纳题。根

25、据句中关键词 gotothelibrary 和whenthingsgowron9 可定位在 A) 段。 作者在本段列举了几个生活中的难题，建议大家到图书馆寻求答案。归纳起来就是：作者建议遇到难题到图书馆寻求答案。49.TheReader sGuideisagreen boundindexwhichprovidesaguidetoverylatestexpertinformationo fanysubjectthatinterestsreaders. 读者指南 是一本绿色封皮的 索引书，可以指导你找到你感兴趣的任何主题的最新专业信息。【解析】 I) 。细节题。根据句中关键词TheReader s

26、Guide 可定位在 I) 段的前半部分。还要学会使用期刊文献读者指南。这本绿色封面的索引是所有图书馆最有用的物品之一。 它能查询到各大主要杂志上所有的文章，包括报纸杂志增刊上面的文章。因此，它能引导你找到任何你感兴趣的话题的最新专业信息。50.ThesureremedytokicktheTVhabitistotakehomefromthelibraryi nterestingbookstoread. 为戒掉看电视的习惯， 一个稳妥的补救方法就是从图书馆带回家一些有趣的书来读。【解析】C） 。细节题。根据句中关键词kicktheTVhabit 和sureremedy可定位在C）段的第一、二句。

27、作者建议为了戒掉看电视的习惯，可以从图书馆带书回家读。51.Therearevariouskindsoffunandrewardingprojectsavailableindifferentlibraries. 不同图书馆有各种有趣有益的题目： Q46-Q55建议答题顺序：建议在精读完成后再做预估难度系数： 4 星段落信息匹配题较选词和精读来说，相对简单。要求大家做到两点：1 不要错过信息- 即认真找;2 发现同义替换- 即答案对应处。很多同学在做段落信息匹配题的时候，犯的最大的错误就是看到一个词马上选择。那么我们到底该如何处理题目和原文段落的匹配。技巧就是“ 2+1”原则 - 即题目和原文某

28、段出现两处原词 （相同词汇 ）加上一处同义替换时（ 或两处同义替换加一个原词时） ，匹配度最高。有原词并不一定对，匹配题考的仍然是同义替换。例如：D)Theaveragepriceofallgoodsandserviceshasrisenabout50percent.Butthepriceofacollegeeducationhasnearlydoubledinthattime.Istheeducationthattoday sstudentsaregettingtwiceasgood?Arenewworkerstwiceassmart?Ha vetheybeesomehowmassively

29、moreexpensivetoeducate?51.Overtheyearsthecostofacollegeeducationhasincreasedalmost by100%。 (xx12)55.Overfiftypercentofrecentcollegegraduatesremainunemployedorunabletofindasuitablejob 。 (xx12)很多同学在看完题目后，不假思索的作出选择将D段落与55题对应， 没想到恰恰掉入出题人的陷阱。 虽然有一个数字“ 50%” 对应，“千万不要只看到一个数字或特殊词汇马上选择”，牢记“2+1”原则。通过阅读题目我们发现55

30、 题的意思为：百分之五十的学生找不到合适的工作; 而原文讲的是物价上涨百分之五十。 意思完全不一样。解匹配题的三大要点：1 做题顺序不要乱，以确保我们能在十五分钟规定的时间内完 成。先看题目，后读文章，读文章时抓住首尾句以及转折信息2 定位时到底选什么样的词去找才能即准确又快速?（ 我们会在6 月 1 日的冲刺班上给大家详细讲解 ）;3 最核心的解题技巧就是上文所提到的“ 2+1”原则，找出同义替换才是解题之本。希望大家学会灵活应用。WhyBuyShade-GrownCoffee?Whenpeopleargueaboutwhethercoffeeisgoodforhealth,they'

31、;reusu allythinkingofthehealthofthecoffeedrinker.Isitfoodforyourhe art?Doesitincreasebloodpressure?Doesithelpyouconcentrate?Ho wever,coffeeaffectsthehealthofthehumanpopulationinotherways ,too.Traditionally,coffeebusheswereplantedunderthecanopy（树冠 ）oftallerindigenous（ 土生土长的 ）trees.However,moreandmore

32、farmersinLatinAmericaaredefores tingthelandtogrowfull-suncoffees.Atfirst,thisincreasesprodu ctionbecausemorecoffeebushescanbeplantediftherearen tanytrees.Withincreasedproductioneincreasedprofits.Unfortunately,deforestingforcoffeeproductionimmediatelydecr easeslocal-wildlifehabitat.Nativebirdsnestand

33、hidefrompredat ors（ 捕食者 ）inthetalltreesandmigratingbirdsrestthere.Furthermore,inthelongterm,thefull-sunmethodalsodamagestheec osystembecausemorechemicalfertilizersandpesticidesareneeded togrowthecoffee.Thefertilizersandpesticideskillinsectsthate atcoffeeplant,butthenthebirdseatthepoisonedinsectsanda

34、lsodi e.Thechemicalskillorsickenotheranimalsaswell,andcanevenente rthewaterthatpeoplewilleventuallydrink.Fortunately,farmersinCentralandSouthAmericaarebeginningtogr owmorecoffeebushesintheshade.Wecansupportthesefarmersbybuyi ngcoffeewithsuchlabelsas"shadegrown"and"birdfriendly."S

35、ure, thesevarietiesmightcostalittlemore.Butwe'repayingfortheheal thofthebirds,theland,ourselves,andthepla.Ithinkit'sworthit.31.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage? 文章的主旨是A.Farmersarechangingthewaytheygrowcoffee. 农民正改变他们种咖啡的方式B.Coffeeisbeingmoreexpensivetoproduce. 种植咖啡越来越贵C.Shade-growcoffeeismoree

36、xpensivethansun-growcoffee. 蔽 光生长的咖啡比向光生长的咖啡贵D.Peopleshouldbuyshade-growncoffee. 人们应该买蔽光生长 的咖啡32.Thefunctionoftheword"Traditionally"inParagraph2istoshow_. 段落 2 中的 traditionally 作用是来显示A.thepositiveeffectsofcoffee. 咖啡的积极作用B.achangeofcoffeegrowth. 咖啡成长的变化C.somethingthatisthemostimportant. 最重要

37、的事情D.howcoffeeproductionusedtobe. 咖啡生产过去如何【答案】 B33.Whatdoesincreasedproductionoffull-suncoffeebringabout? 阳光充足的咖啡增加的产量带来什么 ?A.Moreinsects.更多的昆虫B.Betterqualitycoffee. 质量更好的咖啡C.Largerfarms.更大的农场D.Higherprofits. 更高利润【答案】 D34.Howdofarmersfindmorelandforgrowingfull-suncoffee?农民如何找更多的土地来种植阳光充足的咖啡A.Theybuy

38、morelandfromotherfarmers.B.Theycutdowntrees.C.Theymovetoanothercountry.D.Theyturngrasslandintofarmland.35.Thefull-sunmethodmayaffectthefollowingEXCEPTfullsun方式可能影响以下 A.insects. 昆虫B.air. 空气C.brids.鸟D.humans 人类【答案】B第五十篇15MillionAmericansSufferfromSocialAnxietyDisorder（ 教材上阅 读理解 ）Socialanxietydisorderp

39、reventssome15millionAmericansfromlead ingnormalsocialandromanticlives,anewsurveyfinds.Thedisorderleavesmanyisolated,ashamedandoftenmisdiagnosed.T hirty-sixpercentofthosewithsocialanxietydisorderhavesymptom sfor10yearsormorebeforeseekinghelp,theAnxietyDisordersAssoc iationofAmericareports.“ Socialanx

40、ietydisorderiswhensomebodyhasanintense,persisten tandirrationalfearofsocialorperformancesituations,”JerilynRoss,theassociation spresidentandCEO,saidduringateleconferenceWednesday.“Theconditioncausespeopletoavoidmon,everydaysituationsande venotherpeopleforfearofbeingjudgedorcriticizedorhumiliatedo re

41、mbarrassingthemselves, ” Rosssaid.Socialanxietydisordercaninterferewithdailyroutinesandjobper formance,Rossnoted.“ Italsomakesitverydifficultforpeopletodevelopfriendsandrom anticpartnerships, ” shesaid.Peoplewiththisdisorderrecognizetheirfearisexcessiveandirrat ional,Rossnoted. “ Buttheyfeelpowerles

42、stodoanythingaboutit, shesaid.Socialanxietydisordercanstartintheearlyteens,Dr.MarkH.Polla ck,directoroftheCenterforAnxietyandTraumaticStressDisorders andaprofessorofpsychiatryatHarvardMedicalSchool,saidduringt heteleconference.“ Thisisadisorderthatstartsaffectingpeopleearlyon1,Pollacksaid.“Thetypica

43、lageofonsetisearlyadolescence,age12or13,andmanyi ndividualsreportahistoryofanxietydatingbackto2earlierchildh ood. ”Thedisorderalsohasphysicalsymptoms,includingheartpalpitatio ns,feelingsthattheirthroatwillcloseup3,sweating,blushing,fa intness,tremblingandstammering,Rosssaid.Amongpeoplewiththedisorde

44、r,75percentsaidtheconditionaffecte dtheirabilitytodonormalactivities.Inaddition,69percentsaidt heydidn twantpeopletothinktheywerecrazy,and58percentsaidtheywereemb arrassedbytheircondition,Rosssaid.However,whentheconditionisdiagnosedandtreated,manyreportedi mprovementintheirlives.Infact ， 59percentwh

45、owerereceivingtreatmentsaidtreatmenthadapositive effectontheirabilitytohavearomanticrelationship.Inaddition,39percentwhohadreceivedtreatmentsaidknowingthattreatmentcan besuessfulaidedtheirdecisiontogethelp,Rossnoted.第十四篇 YoungAdultsWhoExerciseGetHigherIQScores( 教材上完形填空 )Youngadultswhoarefithaveahigh

46、erIQandaremorelikelytogoontoun iversity,revealsamajornewstudycarriedoutattheSahlgrenskaAca demyandSahlgrenskaUniversityHospital.TheresultswererecentlypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationa lAcademyofSciences(PNAS).Thestudyinvolved1.2millionSwedishm endoingmilitaryservicewhowerebornbetween1950and1976.

47、Therese archgroupanalyzedtheresultsofbothphysicalandIQteststheyoung sterstookrightaftertheystartedservingthearmy.Thestudyshowsaclearlinkbetweengoodphysicalfitnessandbetterr esultsfortheIQtest.Thestrongestlinksareforlogicalthinkingan dverbalprehension.Butitisonlyfitnessthatplaysaroleintheresu ltsfort

48、heIQtest,andnotstrength.“ Beingfitmeansthatyoualsohavegoodheartandlungcapacityandth atyourbraingetsplentyofoxygen, ”saysMichaelNilsson,professorattheSahlgrenskaAcademyandchief physicianattheSahlgrenskaUniversityHospital.“ Thismaybeoneofthereasonswhywecanseeaclearlinkwithfitness, butnotwithmuscularst

49、rength.Wearealsoseeingthattherearegrowt hfactorsthatareimportant. ”Byanalyzingdatafortwins,theresearchershavebeenabletodetermi nethatitisprimarilyenvironmentalfactorsandnotgenesthatexpla inthelinkbetweenfitnessandahigherIQ.“ Wehavealsoshownthatthoseyoungsterswhoimprovetheirphysical fitnessbetweenthe

50、agesof15and18increasetheircognitiveperform ance, ”saysMariaAberg,researcherattheSahlgrenskaAcademyandphysicia natAbyhealthcentre.“Thisbeingthecase,physicaleducationisasubjectthathasanimpo rtantplaceinschools,andisanabsolutemustifwewanttodowellinma thsandothertheoreticalsubjects. ”Theresearchershavea

51、lsoparedtheresultsfromfitnesstestsduring nationalservicewiththesocio-economicstatusofthemenlaterinli fe.Thosewhowerefitat18weremorelikelytogointohighereducation ,andmanysecuredmorequalifiedjobs.第 4部分：阅读理解（第 31 45题，每题 3分，共 45分）下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有5 道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定 1 个最佳选项。第一篇 FaceMasksMayNotProtectfromS

52、uper-FluIFasuper-flustrikes,facemasksmaynotprotectyou.Whetherwidesp readuseofmaskswillhelp,orharm,duringthenextworldwidefluoutb reakisaquestionthatresearchersarestudyingfuriously.Noresult shaveefromtheirmaskresearchyet.However,thegovernmentsayspeo pleshouldconsiderwearingthemincertainsituationsanywa

53、y,justi ncase.Butit saquestionthepublickeepsaskingwhilethegovernmentaremakingpr eparationsforthenextflupandemiC.SotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)cameupwith preliminaryguidelines.“ Wedontwantpeoplewearingthemeverywhere, ” saidtheCDC.“ Theoverallremendationreallyistoavoidexposure.”Whenth

54、at snotpossible,theguidelinessaytoconsiderwearingasimplesurgicalmaskifyouareinoneofthethreefollowingsituations.First,yourehealthyandcan tavoidgoingtoacrowdedplace.Secondtyouresickandthinkyoumayhaveclosecontactwiththehealthy,suchasaf amilymembercheckingonyou.Third,youlivewithsomeonewho ssickandthusmi

55、ghtbeintheearlystagesofinfection,butstillneed togoout.Influenzapandemicscanstrikewhentheeasy-to-mutatefluvirusshi ftstoastrainthatpeopleneverhaveexperienceD.Scientistscannotpredictwhenthenextpandemicwillarrive,alth oughconcernisrisingthattheAsianbirdflumighttriggeroneifitst artsspreadingeasilyfrompe

56、rsontoperson.Duringtheflupandemic,youshouldprotectyourself.Avoidcrowds,a ndavoidclosecontactwiththesickunlessyoumustcareforsomeone.W hyaren tmasksaddedtothisself-protectionlist?Becausetheycanhelptrap virus-ladendropletsflyingthroughtheairwithacoughorsneeze.Si mplesurgicalmasksonlyfilterthelargerdrop

57、lets.Besides,theCDC isafraidmasksmaycreateafalsesenseofsecurity.Perhapssomeonew hoshouldhavestayedhomewoulddonanill-fittingmaskandhoponthes ubwayinstead.Nordoesfluonlyspreadthroughtheair.Saysomeonecoversasneezewi thhisorherhand,thentouchesadoorknoborsubwaypole.Ifyoutoucht hatspotnextandthenputgermyh

58、andsonyournoseormouth,you vebeenexposeD.It shardertorubyournosewhilewearingamaskandsoyourfacemaygetpre ttysweatyundermasks.Youreachundertowipethatsweat,andmaytran sfergermscaughtontheoutsideofthemaskstraighttothenose.These aretheproblemsfacemasksmaycreatefortheirusers.Whetherpeopleshouldorshouldnotusefacemasksstillremainsaques tio