英语六级长篇阅读练习题及答案

1、英语六级长篇阅读练习题及答案GeneticallyModifiedFoods-FeedtheWorld?A Ifyouwanttosparkaheateddebateatadinnerparty,bringupthetopicaboutgeneticallymodifiedfoods.Formanypeople,theconceptofgeneticallyaltered,high-techcropproductionraisesallkindsofenvironmental,health,safetyandethicalquestions.Particularlyincountrieswit

2、hlongagrariantraditions-andvocalgreenlobbies-theideaseemsagainstnature.B Infact,geneticallymodifiedfoodsarealreadyverymuchapartofourlives.AthirdofthecornandmorethanhalfthesoybeansandcottongrownintheU.S.lastyearweretheproductofbiotechnology,accordingtotheDepartmentofAgriculture.Morethan65millionacres

3、ofgeneticallymodifiedcropswillbeplantedintheU.S.thisyear.Thegeneticisoutofthebottle.ECYetthereareclearlysomeveryrealissuesthatneedtoberesolved.Likeanynewproductenteringthefoodchain,geneticallymodifiedfoodsmustbesubjectedtorigoroustesting.Inwealthycountries,thedebateaboutbiotechistemperedbythefacttha

4、twehavearicharrayoffoodstochoosefrom-andasupplythatfarexceedsourneeds.Indevelopingcountriesdesperatetofeedfast-growingandunderfedpopulations;theissueissimplerandmuchmoreurgent：Dothebenefitsofbiotechoutweightherisks?EDThestatisticsonpopulationgrowthandhungeraredisturbing.Lastyeartheworld'spopulat

5、ionreached6billion.Andby2050,theUNestimates,itwillbeprobablynear9billion.Almostallthatgrowthwilloccurindevelopingcountries.Atthesametime,theworld*savailablecultivablelandperpersonisdeclining.Arablelandhasdeclinedsteadilysince1960andwilldecreasebyhalfoverthenext50years,accordingtotheInternationalServ

6、icefortheAcquisitionofAgri-BiotechApplicationsIS英语六级长篇阅读练习题.Howcanbiotechhelp?E Biotechnologistshavedevelopedgeneticallymodifiedricethatisfortifiedwithbeta-carotene胡萝卜素-whichthebodyconvertsintovitaminA-andadditionaliron,andtheyareworkingonotherkindsofnutritionallyimprovedcrops.Biotechcanalsoimprovef

7、armingproductivityinplaceswherefoodshortagesarecausedbycropdamageattributiontopests,drought,poorsoilandcropviruses,bacteriaorfungi真菌.F Damagecausedbypestsisincredible.TheEuropeancornborer,forexample,destroys40milliontonsofthe-world*scorncropsannually,about7%ofthetotal.Incorporatingpest-resistantgene

8、sintoseedscanhelprestorethebalance.Intrialsofpest-resistantcottoninAfrica,yieldshaveincreasedsignificantly.Sofar,fearsthatgeneticallymodified,pestresistantcropsmightkillgoodinsectsaswellasbadappearunfounded.G Virusesoftencausemassivefailureinstaplecropsindevelopingcountries.Twoyearsago,Africalostmor

9、ethanhalfitscassava树著crop-akeysourceofcalories-tothemosaicvirus花叶病毒.Geneticallymodified,virus-resistantcropscanreducethatdamage,ascandrought-tolerantseedsinregionswherewatershortageslimittheamountoflandundercultivation.Biotechcanalsohelpsolvetheproblemofsoilthatcontainsexcessaluminum,whichcandamager

10、ootsandcausemanystaple-cropfailures.Agenethathelpsneutralizealuminumtoxicity毒'性.inricehasbeenidentified.Manyscientistsbelievebiotechcouldraiseoverallcropproductivityindevelopingcountriesasmuchas25%andhelppreventthelossofthosecropsaftertheyareharvested.HYetforallthatpromise,biotechisfarfrombeingt

11、hewholeanswer.Indevelopingcountries,lostcropsareonlyonecauseofhunger.Povertyplaysthelargestrole.Todaymorethan1billionpeoplearoundtheglobeliveonlessthan1dollaraday.Makinggeneticallymodifiedcropsavailablewillnotreducehungeriffarmerscannotaffordtogrowthemorifthelocalpopulationcannotaffordtobuythefoodth

12、osefarmersproduce.I Biotechhasitsown“distribution“problems.Private-sectorbiotechcompaniesintherichcountriescarryoutmuchoftheleading-edgeresearchongeneticallymodifiedcrops.Theirproductsareoftentoocostlyforpoorfarmersinthedevelopingworld,andmanyofthoseproductswon'tevenreachtheregionswheretheyaremo

13、stneeded.Biotechfirmshaveastrongfinancialincentivetotargetrichmarketsfirstinordertohelpthemrapidlyrecoupthehighcostsofproductdevelopment.Butsomeofthesecompaniesarerespondingtoneedsofpoorcountries.J Moreandmorebiotechresearchisbeingcarriedoutindevelopingcountries.Buttoincreasetheimpactofgeneticresear

14、chonthefoodproductionofthosecountries,thereisaneedforbettercollaborationbetweengovernmentagencies-bothlocalandindevelopedcountries-andprivatebiotechfirms.TheIS英语六级长篇阅读练习题，forexample,issuccessfullypartneringwiththeU.S.AgencyforInternationalDevelopment,localresearchesandprivatebiotechcompaniestofindan

15、ddeliverbiotechsolutionsforfarmersindevelopingcountries.Will"Franken-foods'feedtheworld?KjBiotechisnotapanacea治白病的药，butitdoespromisetotransformagricultureinmanydevelopingcountries.Ifthatpromiseisnotfulfilled,therealloserswillbetheirpeople,whocouldsufferforyearstocome.ELTheworldseemsincreasi

16、nglytohavebeendividedintothosewhofavorgeneticallymodifiedfoodsandthosewhofearthem.Advocatesassertthatgrowinggeneticallyalteredcropscanbekindertotheenvironmentandthateatingfoodsfromthoseplantsisperfectlysafe.And,theysay,geneticengineeringwhichcaninduceplantstogrowinpoorsoilsortoproducemorenutritiousf

17、oods-willsoonbecomeanessentialtoolforhelpingtofeedtheworld'sburgeoning迅速发展的population.Skepticscontendthatgeneticallymodifiedcropscouldposeuniqueriskstotheenvironmentandtohealth-riskstootroublingtoacceptplacidly.Takingthatview,manyEuropeancountriesarerestrictingthecultivationandimportationofgenet

18、icallymodifiedagriculturalproducts.Muchofthedebateareconcernedaboutofsafety.Butwhatexactlydoesrecentscientificresearchsayaboutthehazards?M TwoyearsagoinEdinburgh,Scotland,eco-vandalsstormedafield,crushingcanolaplants.LastyearinMaine,midnightraidershackeddownmorethan3,000experimentalpoplartrees.Andin

19、SanDiego,protesterssmashedsorghumandsprayedpaintovergreenhousewalls.Thisfar-flungoutragetookaimatgeneticallymodifiedcrops.Buttheprotestsbackfired:allthedestroyedplantswereconventionallybred.Ineachcase,activistsmistookordinaryplantsforgeneticallymodifiedvarieties.N It'seasytounderstandwhy.Inaway,

20、geneticallymodifiedcrops-nowonsome109millionacresoffarmlandworldwide-areinvisible.Youcan'tsee,tasteortouchageneinsertedintoaplantorsenseitseffectsontheenvironment.Youcan'ttell,justbylooking,whetherpollencontainingaforeigngenecanpoisonbutterfliesorfertilizeplantsmilesaway.Thatinvisibilityispr

21、eciselywhatworriespeople.How,exactly,willgeneticallymodifiedcropsaffecttheenvironment-andwhenwillwenotice?O Advocatesofgeneticallymodifiedortransgeniccropssaytheplantswillbenefittheenvironmentbyrequiringfewertoxicpesticidesthanconventionalcrops.Butcriticsfearthepotentialrisksandwonderhowbigthebenefi

22、tsreallyare."Wehavesomanyquestionsabouttheseplants,“remarksGuentherStotzky,asoftmicrobiologistatNewYorkUniversity.“There'salotwedon'tknowandneedtofindout."Asgeneticallymodifiedcropsmultiplyinthelandscape,unprecedentednumbersofresearchershavestartedfanningintothefieldstogetthemissin

23、ginformation.Someoftheirrecentfindingsarereassuring;otherssuggestaneedforvigilance.46. AccordingtotheUN'sprediction,thepopulationgrowthfromnowto2050isnearlyallindevelopingcountries.47. Thosepeopleandcountriesrestrictingandopposedtoplantingandimportingofgeneticallymodified$plantsworryabouttheirsa

24、fety.48. Theboostersofgeneticallymodifiedcropsarguethatthesealteredplantsneedfewertoxicpesticides.49. ThemosaicvirusledtothelossofmorethanhalfofAfricanmainfoodtwoyearsago.50. Geneticallymodifiedcropscanhelptoimprovenutrientcontentsandfarmingproductivity.51. Themostimportantfactorthatleadstohungerind

25、evelopingcountriesispoverty,notcropslost.52. Thefar-flungoutragedestroysfieldsandplantsbecausetheymisidentifiedordinaryplantsforgeneticallymodifiedvarieties.53. Thedebateongeneticallymodifiedfoodsismoreheatedindevelopingcountrieswithfast-growingandhalf-starvedpopulations.54. OnethirdofcornplantedinA

26、mericawasgeneticallymodifiedcornlastyear.55. Majorityofpeoplebelievegeneticallymodifiedcropcausesenvironmentalproblems.56. AccordingtotheUN'sprediction,thepopulationgrowthfromnowto2050isnearlyallindevelopingcountries译文根据联合国的预测，从现在到2050年的人口增长几乎都集中在发展中家。定位关键词UN,2050,indevelopingcountries定位到原文划线句。5

27、7. Thosepeopleandcountriesrestrictingandopposedtoplantingandimportingofgeneticallymodifiedplantsworryabouttheirsafety.译文对转基因农作物产品的种植和进口持限制与反对态度的人们和国家所担心的足其安全问题。定位由关键词restricting,safety定位到原文划线句。58. Theboostersofgeneticallymodifiedcropsarguethatthesealteredplantsneedfewertoxicpesticides.译文转基因作物支持者辩称转基因作物需要更少的有毒杀虫剂。定位由关健司fewertoxicpesticides定位到原文划线句。59. ThemosaicvirusledtothelossofmorethanhalfofAfricanmainfoodtwoyearsago.译文两年前，花叶病毒导致非洲的主要食物损失了一半以上。定位由关键词Themosaicvirus,half,African定位到原文划线句。60. Geneticallymodifiedcropscanhelptoimprovenutrientcontentsandfarmingproductiv