主动语态与被动语态使用

1、主动语态与被动语态补充材料概念：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承 受者被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词被动语态的时态：以为work例1 ? 般现在时:am / is/are+ worked 般过去时:was / were+ worked 般将 来时:shall / will +be+ worked 过去将来时：should / would+ worked 现在进 行时：am /is/are+ being+ worked 过去进行时:was /were+ being+ worked 过去 进行时：was/were +being +worked 现在完成时：

2、have/has+ been+ worked 过 去完成时：had +been+ worked 将来完成时：shall/ will +have been +worked 过去将来完成时:should/would + have been+ worked情态动词7. （can/may/must/should etc.）+be+动词的过去分词用法：8. 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时或者9. 只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。10. 五.方法：11 Many people speak English.主动语态）12 En glish is spoke n by m

3、any people.（被动语态）四 六.注意以下问题：A. 带有双宾语的动词变为被动语态时，可以把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语， 若将直接宾语（sth.）变为主语，须根据习惯在原间接宾语前加上介词to或for. 用 to 白勺常见词有：give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, take, bringetc.用 for 的常见词有： make, choose, sing, play, draw, save, buy, get, leave, cook etc.1 Mary gave him some booksas give n som

4、e books by Mary.Some books were given to him by Mary.2. Her latlicr boueht her a new bikeShe was bought a new bike by her fathe匚A new bike was bought for her by her father.B. 带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为被动 语态的主语，宾语补足语不可变为主语。eg, 1, Wc call him Gina. He is called Gina （ by lls）.2. They made me ha

5、ppy.1 was made happy （ by them）3 He asked me to come here.I was asked to come here (by him)C. 在see, let, make, hear, watch et动词之后，作宾语补足语的动词不定式不 带to,但在变为被动语态时，则一定要加上tOoeg.saw them play football just now.They were seen io play football jusi now.2. We ofte n hear her sing in En glish.She is ollcn heard

6、 to sing in EnglishD. 在某些不及物动词+介词/副词"相当于及物物动词)的句子中，变被动语态 时，注意不要丢掉介词/副词。eg.1. People cfieri talk about dial Him.That film is often talked about,2 We should speak to the old people politely. Ihc old people should be spoken io politely.E. 当动词+宾语+宾语补足语"结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中 的主语，其余不动。 例女口 :Some

7、one caught the boy smok ing a cigarette 可改 为The boy was caught smok ing a cigarette.F. need表示需要时，后面常接doing形式表示被动意义，相当于to be done . All the computers n eed repairi ng .= All the computers n eed被动语态专项练习一、选择题()1 a new libraryin our school last year?A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; bui

8、ld)2. An accide nt on this road last week.B. was happe nedD.happenedin the southeast of China.A. has bee n happe nedC. is happe nedA. is grow n B. are grow n C. grows D. grow)4. So far, the moonby man al ready.A. is visitedB. will be visitedC. has bee n visited D. was visited()5. A talk on Chinese h

9、istoryin the school hall next week.A. is give n B. has bee n give n C. will be give n D. gives()6.How many treesthis year?A. are pla nted B. will pla nt C. have bee n pla nted D. pla nted()7.A lot of thi ngsby people to save the little girl now.A. are doingB. are being doneC. has bee n done D. will

10、be done()8. -Whe nthis ki nd of computers?Last year.A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used()9. The Great Wall all over the world.A. knowsB. knewC. is knownD. was known()10.Whothis book?A. did; writte n B. was; writte n by C. did; writte n D. was; writte n()11 .A storyby Granny yesterday.A

11、. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us()12.The mon key was see noff the tree.A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump()13.The school bag beh ind the chair.A. putsB. can be put C. can be putted D. can put()14.Older peoplewell.A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D.

12、 looked after()15.Our teacher carefully.A. should be liste ned to B. should be liste nC. be liste nedD. is liste ned二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。(请注意时态和语态两个方面)二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。(1X20=20分)(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)1. will be built 2 is beingdiscussed 3. is spoken 4. hasn' t been found 5. werecut 6.are told 7. must be

13、sent 8. are sold 9.are made , are m ade 10. betake n 11.is clea ned 12. be see n 13. have bee n watered 14. sells 15. hasbee n 16. smells 17 is dancing1. It's said 据说)that the long bridge(build) in two mon ths.3. Which Ianguagethe most widely(speak) in the world ?4. The lost boy(not find) so far

14、.5. Last year a large number of trees cut) down.6. The stude ntsofte n(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.7. The old man is ill. He(must sen) to the hospital.8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits(sell) in this shop.9. Whatknives (make) of ?They(make) of metal 金 属)and wood.10. Can the mag az ine(t

15、ake) out of the library?11. The room(clea n) by me every day.12 The stars can 't (see) in the daytime.13. Some flowers(water) by Li Mi ng al read y.14. This kind of shoes(sell) well.15. How longyour un cle(be) in the city?16. The food(smell) delicious.17. Look! Some one(dan ce).三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。

16、1 Is tea grow n in South Chi na (改为主动语态) peopletea in South Chin?2. I am given a birthday present by my parents every year (同义句转换)A birthday prese ntby my pare nts every year3. The work is going to be finished in two days.对戈 U 线提问)How the work going to be fini shed ?4. The childre n will si ng an En

17、 glish song改为被动语态)An En glish songby the childre n.5. You need n*t do it now(改为被动语态)It by you now.6. People use metal for making machines.改为被动语态)Metalmaki ng machi nes.7. He made me do that for him改为被动语态)Ithat for him.8. They are watch ing the football match.The football matchby them.9. Did they bui

18、ld a bridge here a year ago?改为被动语态) a bridgehere by them a year ago?10. They have sold out the light gree n dresses 改为被动语态The light gree n dressesout.11. We call the game “ Lianlianl 改为被动语态)The game “ Lianliankan ” by us.一、选择题(2X15=30分)1. B2. D3.A4. C5. 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 10. B11.B 12.D 13.B 14. B15.A二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。（1X20=20分）（请注意时态和语态两个方面噢）l.will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasn' t been