广西师范学院《 英汉互译（一）》课程教案

1、广西师范学院 英汉互译（一）课程教案编号: 15-3 开课单位：外语系 授课教研室：翻译写作课程名称：英汉互译（一） 授课教师： 唐旭光教 材：新编英汉互译教程， 授课对象：06级英语专业2、3、5班授课时间： 授课时数： 2 课时授课课题5. The Translators Exertion of Subjectivity授课形式讲练课教学目的与要求Translation Skills in the Translators Exertion of Subjectivity教学重点The Translators Exertion of Subjectivity教学难点The Translato

2、rs Exertion of Subjectivity教学方法与手段理论讲解与翻译操练相结合教学内容及过程设计 1知识点介绍1. Exertion of the translators subjectivity2. Requirements for the translator to exert his subjectivity1).The translator needs to have good language competence 2). The translator needs to possess some cultural background knowledge3). The

3、translator needs to possess extensive knowledge 4). The translator needs be committed to the task3. Manifestations of the translators exertion of subjectivity1). Selection of the SLT 2). Comprehension of the SLT3). Selection of the translation strategy: domestication vs. foreignization(1). Domestica

4、tion: (2). Foreignization (foreignizing translation): Selection of the translation strategy: 4). Selection of language form5). Reproduction of the SLT in the TLT 6). The restrictions of the translators exertion of his subjectivity 2. 翻译操练与练习讲评作 业Exercises P131，专八翻译（活页）练习课后小结参考资料英汉互译（一）第三讲 翻译者主体性的发挥(

5、The Translators Exertion of Subjectivity)1. Exertion of the translators subjectivityUndoubtedly, while carrying out a translation task, the translator is faced with many challenges. He must work hard and exert his subjectivity actively and fully. 2. Requirements for the translator to exert his subje

6、ctivityEssential requirements are as follows: good language competence; cultural background knowledge; extensive knowledge; earnest devotion to the task.1).The translator needs to have good language competence Good language competence, i.e. a good command of both the source and the target language,

7、is an obvious requirement for a translator (Jin Di & Eugene Nida, 1984:26). In order to achieve success in his career, the translator must be accomplished in both languagesthe source language and the target language. 2). The translator needs to possess some cultural background knowledgeCulture, whic

8、h is a very large and complex concept, contains many aspects and numerous elements, which include customs, thought patterns, religious beliefs, kinship system, cultural heritage, systems of values, national spirit, psychological structure, etc. Naturally, translators should be well acquainted with t

9、he two cultures involved. And it is especially important for them to be familiar with the foreign culture. Dictionaries can be of help in dealing with lexical problems, but they rarely go far enough in providing the cultural connotations which are embedded in the language. 3). The translator needs t

10、o possess extensive knowledge The translator is supposed to have a good command of professional knowledge. By professional knowledge we mean the subject matter of the would-be translated material. Only when the translator knows the professional knowledge related to the original, can he accurately un

11、derstand it and then express it in the TLT. However, a professional translator usually meets with different subject matters. Each time when he translates a text, he should be familiar with the professional knowledge involved. Otherwise, he cannot effectively convey the spirit of the original to the

12、target reader even if he turns to technical dictionaries for help. A professional translator may be entrusted with different kinds of materials to be translated. Therefore, he should have a wide scope of knowledge so as to accomplish the translation activity successfully.4). The translator needs be

13、committed to the taskWhat the translator should keep in mind is that he must reproduce both the form and content of the original to the fullest extent. If he can accomplish that, he is responsible to the reader as well as to the author. If a reader knows nothing about the foreign language, he hopes

14、to get all information from the translated version about the original. For such readers the translated version is what they rely on to know the original. If the translator doesnt hold himself responsible to the reader and if he renders the work at random, the reader will get wrong information about

15、the original. And such an irresponsible attitude can lead to misinterpretations, misrepresentations, and infelicities.Some famous mottos:“It often takes as long as ten days or even a whole month to establish a term in translation after repeated consideration and hesitation” (刘重德, 1991:6). “This (dev

16、otion to the task) is the force which, as it involves the spirit, not just the mind, will be ultimately decisive in the marking of a good translator, as can be found in such striking evidence in the life of every past master of this difficult art” (Jin Di & Eugene Nida, 1984:30) 3. Manifestations of

17、 the translators exertion of subjectivity1). Selection of the SLT The translators motivation plays a crucial role in the selection of the original. The translators personal interest and emotion also plays a crucial role in the selection of the OT. 2). Comprehension of the SLTObviously, a comprehensi

18、ve comprehension of the SLT is a very important step in the course of translation, for it creates an organic link, in the translators mind, between the original and its translation. Actually, various factors lead to variable interpretations of a written text. Which interpretation the translator will

19、 obtain from a given text depends on his personal factors, such as his aesthetic standard, educational background, etc.3). Selection of the translation strategy: domestication vs. foreignization(1). Domestication: A term used by Venuti (1995) to describe the translation strategy in which a transpare

20、nt, fluent style is adopted in order to minimize the strangeness of the foreign text for TL readers (Shuttleworth & Cowie, 2004:43-44). (2). Foreignization (foreignizing translation): A term used by Venuti (1995) to designate the type of translation in which a TT is produced which deliberately break

21、s target conventions by retaining something of the foreignness of the original (ibid., 2004:59).Selection of the translation strategy: The translator selects the appropriate translation strategy according to his translation purpose and his cultural attitude. By choosing the strategy of domestication

22、, some translators try to leave the reader in peace, as much as possible, and make effort to move the author towards him (Schleiermather, from Douglas Robinson, 1997:74). Other translators choose the strategy of foreignization, so they try to leave the author in peace, as much as possible, and take

23、pains to move the reader towards him (ibid., 1997:74). 4). Selection of language formDecided by:his own language accomplishment,the target readers and his guideline in translation and language preference. 5). Reproduction of the SLT in the TLT Translation is difficult. When translating words and phr

24、ases, the translator should not only pick out the best choice among many candidates, but also employ such translation techniques as conversion of parts of speech, proper addition or deletion, necessary repetition, mutual transformation of affirmative and negative expressions, conversion of voices, e

25、tc. Examples:(1) a. The use of bacteriological weapons is a clear violation of the international law. (1) b. 使用细菌武器显然违反国际法。(1) c. 细菌武器的使用是对国际法的明显违反。(刘重德, 1991:68)(2) a. Histories make men wise; poets witty. (Bacon)(2) b. 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀。(王佐良译)(2) c. 历史使人明智，诗歌使人灵慧。(3) a. Avoid using this computer in extreme cold, heat, dust or humidity.(3) b. 不要在过冷