八年级英语Unit 4 No Smoking北京实验版知识精讲

1、初二英语Unit 4 No Smoking北京实验版【本讲教育信息】一、教学内容：Unit 4 No Smoking二、教学目标：知识目标：熟练掌握本单元的单词、短语、句型和语法。能力目标：能够熟练运用本单元知识，对事物之间的比较结果进行描述。三、教学重、难点：asas和not asas句型used to和be/get used to doing sth. 的区别四、语法项目：形容词和副词的比较级。五、本单元重点知识：1. 单词：本单元后单词的音、形、义2. 词组：used to do过去常常做某事manage to do sth. 应付做某事be used to doing 习惯于做某事ac

2、cording to 根据eat junk food 吃垃圾食品be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到吃惊change in appearance 改变外表notany more 不再on the school basketball team 在学校篮球队a sports fan 体育迷(11) hug a toy bear 抱一个玩具熊(12) quit smoking 戒烟(13) something special 特别的事情(14) make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事(15) shout at 冲叫喊(16) hate doing sth. 讨厌做某事

3、(17) hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事(18) be caught doing sth. 正在做某事时被抓住(19) come to do sth. 渐渐开始做某事(20) one out of five 每5个中的1个(21) once or twice 一两次(22) have a try 试一试(23) give up do sth. 放弃做某事(24) throw away 扔掉(25) make a silent wish 暗自祈祷(26) a smoke free zone 无烟区(27) have a bad habit 有个坏习惯(28) pay atten

4、tion to 注意(29) feel terrible 感觉难受(30) die of 因病而死句型：Lin Li was surprised to see Sam had changed in appearance.林莉看到塞姆外表的变化很惊讶。Sam doesnt eat junk food anymore. 塞姆不再吃垃圾食品。How are you doing? 你好吗？I used to be fat. 我过去很胖。I used to eat a lot of junk food. 我过去吃许多垃圾食品。So you dont eat french Fries or drink C

5、oke anymore.所以你不再吃薯条，喝可乐了。I dont eat as much as I used to. 我不再像过去那样吃那么多了。I am as strong as an ox. 我强壮得像头牛。Dad shouted at me. 爸爸冲我嚷嚷。I have come to like the smell. 我慢慢喜欢这个味道了。(11) Now Im used to it. 现在我习惯这个味道了。(12) It makes me feel cool. 它使我感觉很酷。(13) Why not let me have a try? 为什么不让我试一试呢？(14) Smoking

6、 is bad for your health. 吸烟对你的健康有害。(15) I have given up smoking. 我已经戒烟了。(16) He simply threw away his cigarettes and doesnt smoke anymore.他只是将自己的香烟全部扔掉了，而且再也没有抽过。(17) I also made a silent wish. 我暗自祈祷。(18) What habit did the girls father use to have?这个女孩的爸爸过去有什么习惯？六、本讲重点知识讲解：1) Lin Li was surprised t

7、o see Sam had changed in appearance.林莉吃惊地看到塞姆外表发生了变化。be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到吃惊 例如：We were surprised to see Miss Wang in a beautiful dress.All the students were surprised to hear the news that was from the sports meet.change in appearance 外表发生了变化2) Sam doesnt eat junk food anymore. 塞姆不再吃垃圾食品。n

8、otanymore 不再同义词：no more近义词：notany longer=no longer 例如：I wont make such a mistake anymore.My father doesnt smoke anymore.They dont live here any longer.She doesnt like watching football matches any longer.3) I dont eat as much as I used to.I have become as strong as an ox.例如：I dont get up as early as

9、 my mother.Our school isnt as beautiful as theirs.Tom runs as fast as Jim.This house is as expensive as a modern car.【典型例题】一、单项选择： Jim doesnt run as as Li Ming.A. fastB. fasterC. fastestD. more fast Tom doesnt write as as his sister.A. more carefullyB. carefullyC. carefulD. more careful Shark is get

10、ting old and cannot jump as as he did.A. highB. higherC. highestD. much higher We had better water the flowers as as possible.A. oftenB. oftenerC. oftenestD. much often Tonny studies as as Jhson.A. hardlyB. harderC. hardD. hardest二、根据中英文提示完成下列各句： 这本书和那本书一样有趣。This book that one. 这场足球赛不如那场足球赛精彩。This f

11、ootball match that one. 小汤姆没有以前学习努力了。Little Tom . 王涛不如赵海跑得快。Wang Tao Zhao Hai. 今天早晨爸爸起的和往常一样早。This morning my father .4) used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 例如：I used to be late for school last year.My close friend and I used to play football after school.Im used to it.The students are used to getting up early.

12、My grandma is getting used to living in the city.be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 例如：We are used to reading English in the morning.My mother is used to living with my grandma.The students are used to listening to this teacher.【典型例题】 I used to in the south. Im in the north now and I havent been used

13、to the thick coat and heavy shoes.A. live, wearB. live, wearingC. living, wearD. living, wearing Im from the north, but I rice here.A. used to eatB. use toC. am used toD. used eating5) make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 强迫某人做某事 例如：My mother always makes me stay at home.The boss makes the workers work 24 hours

14、a day.We used to make my father quit smoking.【典型例题】 My Chinese teacher made me (write) a composition. It makes me (feel) cool. The rain made us (stop) the sports meet. The taller boy always makes the little boy (bring) cigarettes. Yesterday the English teacher made us (learn) the text by heart.6) We

15、 tried all sorts if ways to help him quit smoking. all sorts of ways 各种各样的方法help sb. do sth. 帮某人做某事quit smoking 戒烟quit smoking =give up smoking =stop smoking例如：I tried all sorts of ways to help my father quit drinking but I failed.7) Dad shouted at me.shout at 冲叫喊 例如：Dont shout at your mother. It is

16、 not polite.My father often shouts at my mother after drinking.8) One out of five students in our city has smoked cigarettes.我们这个城市中每5个孩子中就有1个抽过烟。one out of five 每5个中的1个数字+out of +数字 表示一种比例关系 例如：It is said that seven out of ten children know the pop star.据说10个孩子中有7个知道这个流行歌星。But according to the news

17、paper, one out of ten cases of lung cancer is caused by second-hand smoke.但据报纸上说，1/10的肺癌是由吸二手烟引起的。9) and 15 percent of the teachers in high schools smoke.而且15%的中学教师都抽烟。当句子的主语成分中有百分比时，如果百分比率修饰的名词或代词是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式，如果是不可数名词或可数名词单数，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：About 70 percent of the earth is covered with water.10 per

18、cent of the income goes to tax.50 percent of the students are from the countryside.30 percent of the books are about English.10) I also made a silent wishmake every home a smokefree zone.我暗自祈祷远离香烟，从每个家庭做起。silent adj. 不语的，无言的，寂静的，无声的，缄默的，只字不提的，一言不发的，（单词中）不发音的，（电影）无声的，不爱讲话的，寡言的辨析词quiet adj. 轻轻的，不出声的，不

19、动的，平静的，朴素的，（颜色）不耀眼的，温和的，文静的，不易激动的例如：a quiet street 寂静的街道a silent movie 无声电影a quiet lake 平静的湖面a silent girl 一个寡言少语的姑娘a quiet girl 一个文静的姑娘a silent protest 无声的抗议quiet manners 文雅的举止a silent answer 无声的回应smokefree 指“没有烟的，不受烟搅扰的”free也可以指“自由的，空闲的，免费的”，例如： free time 闲暇时间 a free lunch 免费的午餐【模拟试题】（答题时间：70分钟）.

20、根据句意补全单词：* 1. Mom her wash dishes after a meal.2. If we dont finish our homework, our teacher will us do more exercises.* 3. I to hate eggs. But now I love them.* 4. What did you have when you were young?* 5. He lighted a . He looked very comfortable.* 6. The doctor told me to take the medicine a da

21、y.* 7. Smoking does to your health. Youd better quit it.* 8. The meat goes bad, please it away.* 9. The old man doesnt live here , he moved to the countryside last year.* 10. “You mustnt copy others homework.” the teacher said to me . 用所给动词的适当形式填空：* 1. Zhang Pengs father used (smoke) heavily.* 2. Sh

22、e is used to (get) up early in the morning.3. Our P.E. teacher made us (run) 15 laps today.* 4. 10 percent of the teenagers (think) smoking is very cool.* 5. Teenagers neednt give up (smoke).*6. According to the survey, one out of five students (like) playing computer games.* 7. If it (not rain) tom

23、orrow, well go to the park.* 8. I dont feel like (throw) them away.* 9. There was not enough time (finish) the work.* 10. He doesnt seem (have) many friends. 根据中英文提示完成下列各句：1. 那位老人过去常常吸烟。* The old man .2. 它确实让我感到难过。* It really .3. 小的时候，他常常咬自己的手指。He his own fingers when he was young.4. 企鹅习惯于寒冷的天气。* A

24、penguin the cold weather.5. 躺在床上看书对你的眼睛有害。* Reading in bed your eyes. 单项选择：1. she use to hate eating carrots?* A. DoesB. IsC. WasD. Did2. We in this pool when we were young, but now it fish.* A. are used to swim, used to keepB. are used to swimming, is used to keepC. used to swimming, used to keepD.

25、 used to swim, is used for keeping3. The young girl left the room .* A. speechB. speechlessC. speechfulD. speechlessly4. The children are trying their best to help the poor man, he is so .* A. helpfulB. helplessC. helpfullyD. helplessly5. How do you feel when you watch the national flag going up?It

26、makes me very proud.A. feltB. to feelC. feelingD. feel6. 20 percent of the students in the college .* A. has drunkB. have drunkC. drankD. drinks7. Theres too much sunshine. Yeah, wed better the sunglasses.* A. put awayB. put onC. take offD. put off8. They have failed several times, but they wont .A.

27、 go onB. come onC. get upD. give up9. The children from Sichuan live as as we do.* A. happyB. happierC. happilyD. more happily10. This English story is very easy for the students, because there are new words in it.* A. a fewB. a littleC. fewD. little11. He speaks English he speaks Chinese.* A. as go

28、od asB. as better asC. so well asD. as well as12. Lily isnt so as Lucy.* A. tallerB. tallC. tallestD. the tallest13. When an earthquake happens, and you are at doors, you should keep calm and go to an open area as as possible.* A. slowlyB. quicklyC. quietlyD. quick14. Dont worry. He is to look after

29、 little Shelly.* A. carefully enoughB. enough carefulC. careful enoughD. enough carefully15. My mother seldom buys .* A. something secondhandB. secondhand somethingC. anything secondhand D. secondhand anything. 完形填空How can you think in English? I think the best way is to practice as what a football

30、player does every day. During the 1 ， the football player will pass the ball to his teammates over and over again. So he wont have to 2 passing the ball in the game, he will just do it. You can 3 yourself to think in English this way. The first step is to think of the words that you use daily, simpl

31、e everyday words 4 book or shoe or tree. For example, whenever you 5 a “book” you should think of it in English instead of in your mother language.After you have learned to think of several words in English, then move on to the next stepthinking in 6 . Listening and repeating is a very useful 7 to l

32、earn a language. Listen first and dont care too much about 8 you fully understand what youre hearing. Try to repeat what you hear. The more you listen, the 9 you learn. After you reach a higher level, 10 having conversations with yourself in English. This will lead you to think in English.1. A. prac

33、ticeB. breakC. gameD. day2. A. wait forB. think aboutC. look at D. give up3. A. allowB. trainC. tellD. ask4. A. in B. aboutC. likeD. from5. A. buyB. keepC. borrowD. see6. A. sentencesB. passagesC. lessonsD. classes7. A. ideaB. stepC. wayD. pan8. A. whichB. whetherC. howD. why9. A. harderB. lessC. la

34、terD. more10. A. rememberB. stopC. startD. finishVI. 阅读理解AEvery year thousands of young people in England finish school and then take a year off before they start work or go to university. Some young people go to other countries and work as volunteers (志愿者). Volunteers give their time to help people

35、. For example, they work in schools or hospitals, or they do something helpful for the environment.Pauline Jones, 18, lives in Cardiff, Wales. Next year she wants to go to university to study Chinese, but now shes living in Belize. Pauline says, “Im working with other people here to save the coral r

36、eefs (珊瑚礁) in the sea near Belize. The reefs here are beautiful, but if the sea water is very polluted (污染), the coral dies. Im helping to do research on the coral and the fish that live around the reefs. All over the world, coral reefs are dying. We need to do something about the problem before its

37、 too late.”“Im staying with a family here and I help do some housework. I dont get any money, but thats OK. I love my work here, and Im learning a lot about the people of Belizeand myself! When I finish my work, I want to stay here for another three months. I want to travel around Belize and Central

38、 America.”1. Some young people from England _ after they finish school.A. go to university abroadB. spend one year abroad as volunteersC. go to work for moneyD. start work in schools or hospitals2. Pauline Jones, an eighteen-year-old girl, is living in _ now.A. England B. China C. Belize D. Cardiff3

39、. Pauline Jones is _ with other people.A. studying Chinese in a universityB. working to save the coral reefsC. helping do some housework D. doing some research in Wales4. From the passage, we know that the coral reefs _.A. will die because of the pollutionB. are not as beautiful as beforeC. cannot l

40、ive without fish in the seaD. will probably be sold for money5. Pauline Jones wants to after she finishes her work as a volunteer.A. stay there for another yearB. go back home to start workC. learn about the people homeD. travel around Central AmericaBIMPROVE ON SLEEPGood health needs good sleep. Go

41、ing to bed before youre tired. Not eating or reading in bed. Go to bed at the same time before midnight and get up at the same time. Your body likes routine (常规) for a good nights sleep.STAY FREE OF FLUStudies show that a cold or flu virus （病毒） can live on our hands for long. So wash all parts of yo

42、ur hands often with soap and water. For more ways to prevent the spread of flu, please call. HealthLine at 1800 848 1313.ORAL (口腔) HEALTHBrush your teeth twice daily and visit the dentist at least once a year. The mouth is a mirror of disease. The oral examination is not only for the health of teeth

43、, but the whole body. For more of it, please visit www. mydr. com. au.FIT FOR LIFEStudies have shown that many diseases have something to do with less or no physical (身体) activity. Try to do it for 30 minutes a day, 5 days or more a week. For more information, please call HealthLine at 1800 438 2000

44、。6. If you want to get a good sleep, youd better _.A. go to bed after youre tiredB. go to sleep at midnightC. follow the bedtime routineD. eat something or read in bed7. To prevent from catching a cold or flu, its good for you _.A. to clean your fingers oftenB. to brush your teeth twice dailyC. to g

45、et up early every morningD. to wash all parts of your hands8. You should visit the dentist at least once a year, because _.A. the oral examination is necessaryB. you dont often brush your teethC. some diseases may be in the mirrorD. you dont have a good nights sleep9. Studies have shown that many di

46、seases have something to do with _.A. having no oral examinationB. washing hands with cold waterC. sleeping too late sometimesD. doing little physical activity10. When you want to learn more about the flu, you can _.A. visit www. mydr. com. auB. call HealthLine at 1800 848 1313C. visit the dentist i

47、n your placeD. call HealthLine at 1800 438 2000CSome people think only school children do not agree with their parents, however, it is not true.Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If its hard for you to communicate with your parents, dont worry about it. Here are some ad

48、vice for you to bridge the generation gap (消除代沟).Dont argue (争辩) with your parents. Dont get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably wont consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. And you cant express yourself well if you are angry. Go someplace to cool off. Make sure you un

49、derstand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you dont think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter.Try to reach a compromise (和解). Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to acc

50、ept each other. Michaels mother didnt agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to a compromise. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days.Of course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect (尊敬) to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong.Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your ow