被动语态讲解微课程 (2)

1、The Passive Voice中考被动语态专练中考被动语态专练语法项目表语法项目表9.动词动词（7）被动语态）被动语态 一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 一般将来时一般将来时 英语动词有两种语态：英语动词有两种语态：主动语态（主动语态（Active Voice)和被动和被动语态语态(Passive Voice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。 e.g. We cleaned the classroom yesterday. (主动语态，主动语态，主语主语we是是clean这一动

2、作的这一动作的执行者执行者) English is spoken by many people. (被动语态被动语态，主语，主语English是动作是动作speak的的承受者承受者。二、被动语态的构成二、被动语态的构成 助动词助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词。助动词be有有人称、数、和时态的变化。人称、数、和时态的变化。 一一、语态语态三、被动语态的用法：三、被动语态的用法：1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者指出谁是动作的执行者。 e.g. These new cars are made in Chin

3、a（中国制造）（中国制造）. （2004年完成句子）年完成句子） 这些新小汽车是中国制造。这些新小汽车是中国制造。2. 需要突出或强调动作的承受者需要突出或强调动作的承受者。 e.g. This dictionary is used by most students. 这本字典是大多数学生在用的。这本字典是大多数学生在用的。四四.主动语态变为被动语态的步骤主动语态变为被动语态的步骤.We plant trees in March every year. Trees are planted us in March every year. 主动语态变为被动语态的主动语态变为被动语态的三线交叉三线交

4、叉结构示意图结构示意图:2.be+谓语动谓语动词的过去分词词的过去分词1.主语主语2.谓语动词谓语动词原形原形（一般现在时）（一般现在时）3.宾语宾语时间状语时间状语3.主语主语3.宾语宾语 时间状语时间状语by 介词短语介词短语介词短语介词短语四四.主动语态变为被动语态的步骤主动语态变为被动语态的步骤.Bell invented the telephone in 1876. The telephone was invented Bell in 1876. 主动语态变为被动语态的主动语态变为被动语态的三线交叉三线交叉结构示意图结构示意图:2.be+谓语动词的谓语动词的过去分词过去分词1.主语主

5、语2.谓语动词谓语动词过去式过去式（一般过去时）（一般过去时）3.宾语宾语时间状语时间状语3.主语主语3.宾语宾语时间状语时间状语by四四.主动语态变为被动语态的步骤主动语态变为被动语态的步骤.China will send up Shen Zhou into space this year. Shen Zhou will be sent up into space China this year. 主动语态为变被动语态的主动语态为变被动语态的三线交叉三线交叉结构示意图结构示意图:2.will be+谓语谓语动词的过去分动词的过去分词词1.主语主语2.谓语动词谓语动词（一般将来时）（一般将来时

6、）3.宾语宾语时间状语时间状语3.主语主语3.宾语宾语时间时间状语状语 by介词短语介词短语介词短语介词短语 主动语态变为被动语态口诀：主动语态变为被动语态口诀： 1 1、观原句、观原句，定时态定时态； 2 2、宾、宾变变主主； 3 3、谓、谓变变被被； 4 4、主、主变变宾宾，byby加前加前，可可省略省略； 5 5、介副随、介副随。Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.点拨：观察原句为一般现在时，谓语动词为点拨：观察原句为一般现在时，谓语动词为plant，宾语为，宾语为the tea；改为被动语态时，应将；改为被动语态时，应将the t

7、ea变作主语，谓语动词用变作主语，谓语动词用is planted的形式的形式, farmers作为被动语态的宾语作为被动语态的宾语,前面加前面加by。 1. Farmers plant the tea on the sides of mountains. _The tea is planted on the sides of mountains by farmers. 123点拨：观察原句为一般现在时态点拨：观察原句为一般现在时态, uses是谓语动是谓语动词词, the best materials是句子的宾语；改为被动语是句子的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将态句时，应将the best ma

8、terials作被动语态的主作被动语态的主语，谓语动词用语，谓语动词用are used的形式的形式, 原句的主语原句的主语this shop 作为被动语态的宾语作为被动语态的宾语, 前面加前面加by。2. This shop uses the best materials to make dresses. The best materials are used to make dresses by this shop. 123点拨：观察原句为一般现在时态点拨：观察原句为一般现在时态, many traffic accidents是句子的宾语；是句子的宾语； causes是谓语动词是谓语动词,改

9、改为被动语态时，应将为被动语态时，应将many traffic accidents作被作被动语态的主语，谓语动词用动语态的主语，谓语动词用are caused的形式的形式, 原句的主语原句的主语careless drivers 作为被动语态的宾作为被动语态的宾语。语。3. Careless drivers causes many traffic accidents. Many traffic accidents are caused by careless drivers. 123点拨：观察原句为一般现在时态点拨：观察原句为一般现在时态, letters and postcards是句子的宾语

10、是句子的宾语, brings是谓语动词是谓语动词,改为改为被动语态时，应将被动语态时，应将letters and postcards作被动语作被动语态的主语，谓语动词用态的主语，谓语动词用are brought的形式的形式, 原句原句的主语的主语the postman 作为宾语作为宾语,前加前加by。4. The postman brings letters and postcards to peoples homes. Letters and postcards are brought to peoples homes by the postman. 123点拨：观察原句为一般现在时态点拨：

11、观察原句为一般现在时态, this silver plate是句子的宾语；是句子的宾语； does not use是谓语动词是谓语动词,改为被改为被动语态时，应将动语态时，应将the silver plate 作被动语态的主作被动语态的主语语; 谓语动词用谓语动词用is not used的形式的形式, 原句的主语原句的主语our family作为被动语态的宾语作为被动语态的宾语, 前面加前面加by; very often 为副词，紧随句后。为副词，紧随句后。5. Ours family does not use this silver plate very often. This silver

12、 plate is not used by our family very often. 123Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.点拨：观察原句为一般过去时，谓语动词为点拨：观察原句为一般过去时，谓语动词为sold，宾语为，宾语为the fridge；改为被动语态时，；改为被动语态时，应将应将the fridge作主语，谓语动词用作主语，谓语动词用was sold的形式的形式, 把把they变为宾格变为宾格them，前加，前加by。1. They sold the fridge at a low price. _The fridge w

13、as sold at a low price by them at a low price. n.电冰箱电冰箱adj. 低的；矮的低的；矮的123点拨：观察原句的句子结构可知，点拨：观察原句的句子结构可知，stole是谓语是谓语动词，动词，my camera是句子的宾语；改为被动语是句子的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将态句时，应将my camera作句子主语，谓语动作句子主语，谓语动词用词用was stolen的形式，的形式，somebody 作宾语，前作宾语，前加加by。2. Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room. _ _My camera w

14、as stolen from my hotel room by somebody. pron.某人某人 n.重要人物重要人物1233. Where did you take these photos? _Where were these photos taken (by you)? 点拨：观察原句的句子结构可知，点拨：观察原句的句子结构可知，take是谓是谓语动词，语动词，these photos是句子的宾语；改为是句子的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将被动语态句时，应将these photos作句子主作句子主语，谓语动词用语，谓语动词用were taken的形式。但要注的形式。但要注意，主被动时

15、态和句型一致的原则。意，主被动时态和句型一致的原则。1234. Our parents advised us not to go out alone. _ _We were advised not to go out alone by our parents. 点拨：观察原句为一般过去时态，谓语动词为点拨：观察原句为一般过去时态，谓语动词为advised，宾语为，宾语为us；改为被动语态时，应将；改为被动语态时，应将us(宾宾格）变为格）变为We(主格）作主语，谓语动词用主格）作主语，谓语动词用were advised的形式，的形式，our parents 作宾语，前加作宾语，前加by。adv

16、ise sb. (not) to do sth.1235. Different writers translated the book into different languages. _ _The book was translated into different languages by different writers. v. 翻译翻译translateinto 点拨：观察原句为一般过去时，谓语动词为点拨：观察原句为一般过去时，谓语动词为translated，宾语为，宾语为the book；改为被动语态时，；改为被动语态时，应将应将the book作主语，谓语动词用作主语，谓语动词

17、用was translated的形式的形式, different writers作宾语，前加作宾语，前加by。123Rewrite the sentences according to the example.1. You must clean your bedroom everyday. Your bedroom must be cleaned everyday.2. Parents should encourage teenagers to do social work for their community.Teenagers should be encouraged to do soc

18、ial work for their community by parents. 3. Can Lucy do her homework tomorrow instead?Can her homework be done by Lucy tomorrow instead?Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.点拨：观察原句为一般将来时态，谓语为点拨：观察原句为一般将来时态，谓语为will make，宾语为，宾语为a model plane；改为被动语态时，；改为被动语态时，将将a model plane作主语，谓语动词用作主语，谓语动词用w

19、ill be made的形式的形式, 原句主语原句主语Tom作为宾语作为宾语,前加前加by, tomorrow随其后。随其后。1. Tom will make a model plane tomorrow. A model plane will be made by Tom tomorrow. 123Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.点拨：观察原句为一般将来时态，原句的谓点拨：观察原句为一般将来时态，原句的谓语动词为语动词为will sell，宾语为，宾语为the car；改为被动；改为被动语态时，应将语态时，应将the car变作主语

20、，谓语动词用变作主语，谓语动词用will be sold的形式的形式, 把原句把原句they变为宾格变为宾格them。2. They will sell the car at a low price. The car will be sold at a low price by them. 1232002-2015年陕西省中考被动语态试题年陕西省中考被动语态试题2002年. 25.The old man was quite weak after the accident, so he _. A. must be take care of B. must take care of C. must

21、 be looked after D. must look after2004年. 25. A talk on science _ in our school next Monday. A. will give B. will be given C. has given D. has been given2005年. 27.Today computers _ in both cities and towns. A. were using B. are used C. were used D. are using2006年. 27.The window _ten minutes ago, and

22、 the room is bright now. A. can be cleaned B. is cleaned C. was cleaned D. will be cleaned2002-2015年陕西省中考被动语态试题年陕西省中考被动语态试题2006年. 8. All these photos _（take）by my father in Hong Kong in 1997.（完成句子）（完成句子）2007年. 30.Trees and flowers_ every year to make our country more beautiful. A. is planted B. was

23、planted C. are planted D. were planted2008年. All the books written by Maugham 39 in a short time and the writer became famous.（完形填空）（完形填空） A. are sold out B. were sold out C. have sold out D. sold out2009年. 4. More trees and flowers should be _ (plant) to make our hometown beautiful. （完成句子）（完成句子）201

24、0年. 10. Many school things were _ (send) to Yushu last month. （完成句子）（完成句子）2002-2015年陕西省中考被动语态试题年陕西省中考被动语态试题2011年. 25. Driving after drinking wine_ in China. A. allows B. doesnt allow C. is allowed D. isnt allowed 2012年. 29. A new club _in our school at the beginning of this year and now it has many members. A. starts B. is started C. has started D. was started2013年. 28.The mobile phone has influenced p