数词的分类及用法

1、实用文档数词的分类及用法适用学科英语适用年级小学六年级适用区域四川课时时长（分钟）1课时/60分钟知识点基数词及其用法序数词及其用法教学目标知识：1、掌握基数词的构成及用法2、掌握序数词的构成及用法方法：要牢记基数词和序数词的构成、用法，并能灵活运用。能力：1、能正确使用基数词并掌握其用法2、能正确使用序数词并掌握其用法教学重点1、基数词和序数词的构成2、基数词和序数词的用法教学难点1、基数词和序数词的区别2、数词的用法标准教学过程一、复习预习教师引导学生复习之前所学简单数词，并通过所学内容分析和扩展导入本节课所要学习的数次内容。二、知识讲解知识点1:基数词的构成【考查点】1 .基数词的的构成

2、1 10: one two three four five six seven eight nine ten1119: 词尾力口-teen : thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen其中 eleven, twelve , thirteen , fifteen , eighteen 为特殊形式2090: twenty, thirty , forty , fifty , sixty, seventy , eighty, ninety21-99:在十位与个位之间加连字符构成.21- twenty-one 99-nin

3、ety-nine101-999 :百位数与十位数之间要加and，再加末尾两位数或个位数.101-one hundred and one238-two hundred and thirty-eight320 three hundred and twenty1000以上的数：先将数字从右往左数，每三位数用一个逗号隔开，从右往左第一个逗号表示千”读thousand第二个逗号表示百万"读million第三个逗号表示十亿"读billion且hundred, thousand, million等用单数形式。注意，百位数 hundred与十位数（或个位数）之间要用and连接。十位数与个位

4、数之间要用连字符号“-"，如：52, 368 读作：fifty-two thousand, three hundred and sixty-eight.18,657,421eighteen million ,six hundred and fifty-seven thousand ,four hundred and twenty-one.2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four5,237,166,2

5、34 five billion , two hundred and thirty-seven million , one hundred and sixty-sixthousand, two hundred and thirty-four【易错点】hundred, thousand, million, billion其前跟数词时不能加-s;若要加-s必须是hundreds of, thousands of, millions of, billions of.There are two hundred people.There are hundreds of people.知识点2:序数词的构成

6、【考查点】1.第至第十： one first, two second, three third, five fifth , eighteighth , nine ninth , twelve twelfth第H一至第十九：在基数词后加-th 构成：eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, sixteenth,seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth从第二十至第九十九：整数第几十的形式由其对应的基数词改变结尾字母y为i,再加“ eth”构成。twentytwentieth thirtythirtieth表示第几十几时，用几

7、十的基数词形式加上连字符“-”和个位序数词形式一起表示。thirty-first 第三 H-fifty-sixth 第五十六seventy-third 第七十三ninety-ninth 第九十第一百以上的多位序数词：由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示。one hundred and twenty-first 第一百二H"one thousand, three hundred and twentieth 第一千三百二十【考查点】2.序数词的缩写形式有时，序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。主要缩写形式有。firstlstsecond2ndthird3rdfourth4th sixth6

8、th twentieth20thtwenty-third23rd其中lst, 2nd, 3rd为特殊形式，其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。注意：序数词一般以与之相应的基数词后加-th构成，少数几个需特别记忆。为方便大家记忆，请看下面口诀。基变序，有规律，first, second, third要牢记；其它变化有公式，基数词尾加-th;eight 去 t, nine 去 e , ve 则以 f 替;从 twenty,至ij ninety,需变 y 为 ie;若是遇到“几十几”，只变个位就可以。【易错点】1.序数词前要加定冠词the,在句中作定语放在所修饰的名词前。December is the

9、twelfth month of the year.十二月是一年中的第12 个月。【易错点】2.序数词与冠词a/an连用：序数词前加不定冠词a/an,表示又一“、再一 ”的意思。Please try it a second time. 请再试一试。知识点3 :数词的用法表达编号：编号可用序数词和基数词表示，序数词位于名词之前，并加定冠词；基数词位于名词之后：Lesson5= the fifth lesson表达年，月，日：月份的第一个字母要大写，有些月份名称有缩写形式。例如：一月 January(Jan.),二月 February(Feb.),三月 March(Mar.),四月(Apr.),五

10、月 May,六月 June, 七月 July,八月 August(Aug.),九月 September(Sep.),十月 October(Oct.), H月November(Nov.),十二月 December(Dec.)。对日期提问用what S the today? 对星期几提问what day is it today?.月 日，年 1999年5月31日日月，年读法：on May 31st在某年，某月，某世纪，某季节前用介词in.在上午，下午, 晚上用 in: in the morning/ afternoon/ evening在具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午，下午，晚上用 on: on

11、Sunday; on Sunday evening.表达时刻：表达时刻用基数词而不用序数词。 表示几点钟：基数词+o'clock 几点几分有两种表达方式：a:时在前、分在后，直接用基数词按顺序读出：9:20 nine twenty b：分在前、时在后，半小时以内用past,意为"过"9: 20twentyPast nine;超过半小时用to,意为“差”但点数要加1小时。 10:50 ten to elevenc.表示半小时常用 half,表示一刻钟用quarter:9:30 half past nine 9:15 a quarter past nine 表达年龄：对

12、年龄提问用how old.直接用基数词表示：My son is twenty-one.用"基数词+years+old表示。My son is twenty-one years old.用"at the age of +基数词” My son is at the age of twenty-one. 表达分数，小数，百分数：分数的分子用基数词，分母要用序数词：1/ 3 one third分数的分子大于一时，分母用序数词的复数:2/ 10 two tenths1/2 读作one second1/4 读作one fourthone quarter3/4 读作 three four

13、ths three quaters分数在句中常与of+ n 一起使用，作主语时，谓语动词根据其后名词确定单复数。One third of students like (like) the film.百分数用“基数词 +%”表示，读作 percent, 89%读作 eighty-nine percent 27.0836 读作：twenty-seven point eight three six.表达算式：5+6=11 Five and/ plus six is eleven.11-5=6 Eleven minus five is six.5 X6=30Five times six is thir

14、ty.倍数的表达方法：倍数+as+形容词或副词原级+asThis ruler is three times as long as that one. 倍数+形容词或副词的比较级 +thanThis ruler is three times longer than that one. 倍数 +the size/ length/ weight+ of + 比较的对象This ruler is three times length of that one.三、例题精析There aredays in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-fiveB. three hundre

15、ds and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five【答案】：C【解析】：句意为一年有365天，此题考查100以上基数词的表达方法：基数词后的hundred不能加-s;十位和个位要用连接号"-"【例题2】people visit this museum every day.A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of【答案】：C,hundred和of连用，必须在其后加【解析】：句意为每天都有成百上千的人参观博物

16、馆-s, hundreds of表示成百上千的。【例题3】-Have you found the six coins you lost yesterday?D. fifth, sixth-I have found, but I can't find .A. five, the sixth B. five,sixthC. fifths, six【答案】:A【解析】：句意为“你找到昨天丢的六个硬币了吗？”“我已经找到五个了，但是没有找到第六个”第一空应选择基数词，第二空应选择序数词，序数词前应加定冠词the【例题4】My daughter likes to ask questions ab

17、out anything she sees.A. six-years-oldB. six years old C. six-year-oldD. six-year old【答案】：C【解析】：句意为“我六岁的女儿喜欢问问题关于她任何她见到的东西”此处应该选一个形容词。四、课堂运用1.Oh, it's . Let's go to school together.A. the quarter to eight B. a quarter to eight C. seven forty-five minutes D.forty-five past seven2.School usual

18、ly begins on.A. the first of September B. the first, September C. September One D. September, the first1.1 'm afraid of the story is not so interesting.A. the part twoB. second part C. the second partD. part second4 . 一 Which room are you staying in?A. The Room 301B. 301 Room C. Room 301stD. Roo

19、m 301【巩固】5 . How many typewriters do you need?-I need.A. three onesB. three C. the threeD. them three6 . About said that they enjoyed those books very much.A. four fifths studentsB. four fifth of the studentsC. four fifths of studentsD. four fifths of the studentsD. hundred of7 .We'll spend the

20、summer holidays in the mountain miles away.A. several hundreds B. hundreds of C. several hundred of【拔高】8 .Next Sunday will be Jane's.birthday.A. thirty-ninthB. thirtieth-ninth C. thirtieth-nineD. thirty-nine9 .The Yellow River is _ longest river in China.A. two B. the two C. the secondD. second1

21、0 .We have two computer rooms. Still we are going to build one.A. the third B. a third C. threeD. the three答案及解析1. B此题考查时间的表达法，超过半小时，用分钟数+to+小时数力口 12. D此题考查日期的表达法，用月份名词加序数词。3. C句意为“我担心这个故事的第二部分没有那么有趣”可知此处该选一个序数词，而序 数词前应加定冠词 the.4. D此题考查编号的表达法，房间号应在房间后加基数词。5. B句意为“你需要多少打印机？”“我需要3个”此处基数词表示数量。6. A此处考查序

22、数词，当分子大于一时，分母在序数词后加-s7. B此处考查hundred的用法，当其前有数字时，不能加-s;当其要加-s时，应与of连用。8. A句意为“下周星期天是简的39岁生日”此处考查序数词，第几十几的表达方法为在将个位数变为序数词即可，十位数不变。9. C句意为“黄河是中国第二长河”此处应选择序数词，序数词前应加定冠词the.10. A句意为“我们有两个电脑房间。我们正打算建第三个。因此选择序数词the,在其前加定冠词the.课程小结本节课学习的是数词。主要围绕10以上数次的构成和用法进行讲解。数词的易错点是考试中的考点。同学们要引起重视。课后作业【基础】1 .At the age o

23、f, he had his own lab.A. thirty B. thirtieth C. the thirtieth D. the thirty2 .Five times five is.A. five B. zero C. ten D. twenty-five3 .My sister is a student of.A. the First Class B. Class One C. One Class D. Class First4 . Their house is about as big as ours.A. times three B. three time C. time three D. three times【巩固】5 . -When is your father birth day?-It's on July the.A.twenty B.ninth C.five6.of his time spent in studying.A. Three fourthB.th