(完整版)高一英语必修三第一单元重要知识点讲解

1、Unit 1重要单词，词组讲解1. mean的用法What do you mean to do with it? I didn mean to hurt you.1) mean to do意欲做This means staying here longer.Missing the train means waiting for another hour.2) mean doing意味着做He is not meant for a teacher and will always be unhappy in the school.Be meant for 适合做他说他不适合读书因为懒。He says

2、 he a student for his laziness.这次考试失败意味着要再考一次。Failing this exam another one.我并不是故意迟到的。I didn t be late for school.2. celebrate vt.(1)庆祝；祝贺celebrateChristmas / one s birthday / a victory)赞扬；称颂The names of many heroes are celebrated by the poets.词语辨析： celebrate, congratulatecelebrate后常接日期，事情或场合congrat

3、ulate后常接人表示为某事而祝贺某人 congratulate sb. on/upon sth.ex： congratulate you on your marriage.有时还表示私自庆幸的意思。ex： I congratulated myself on my escape from being punished.3. 英语中表示“发生”的词或短语均为不及物，不用于被动语态。主语为所发生的事。 词语辨析：take place, happen, occur, come about, break out 的比较1) The wedding will take place tomorrow.2)

4、 In 1919, the May 4th Movement took place in China.take place发生,举行；侧重安排或计划而发生的事，带有 芈偶然”的意思3) What has happened to her 碰巧，恰好happen发生”，普通用词，含义很广。常指具体客观事物或情况的发生，含 有偶然”的意味。当以具体事物、事件作主语时，happen和occur可以换用；但当happen用 作 碰巧”之意时，不能用occur代替，但可以与come about互换。4) It happened to rain that day.5) The traffic acciden

5、t occurred on Wednesday.occur发生，出现”，较正式用词，指事情偶然地、意外地发生或思想突然 浮在心头。occur to有“想起”的意思。6) The Second World War broke out in 1939.break out伙灾、战争、疾病)突然发生、爆发7) How does it come about that you were caught by the police?come about发生:往往注重事情发生的原因。且很多时候与 how连用与happen用法较接近用take place , happen和 come about的正确形式填空1.

6、 The May 4th Movement in 1919.2. If anything to the machine, let me know at once.3. The opening day of the play tomorrow night.4. Can you tell me how it?4. starve: vt 使饿死vi.饿得要死 starve to deathbe starved of/ starve for: 渴望她很寂寞，渴望友谊：She is lonely, starving for friendship.The motherless children were

7、starved of/ were starving for affection.渴望母爱 他们在沙漠中迷路而饿死。他们正急需一大笔钱来完成工作。They got lost in the desert and.They are a sum of money to finish their work.n. starvation饿死：die of 5. a year/ day of plenty 富裕/丰收的年月 days/ years of plentyHave we got enough apples?Yes, there are plenty in the basket.plenty of +

8、 复数n/不可数nplenty of eggs/ food/milk 足够的 6. honour1)光荣，荣誉(n)They fight for the honour of the country.One must show honour to one arentsp2) in honour of 为了纪念A festival is set in honour of the hero.3) an hounour光荣的人或事情Liu Xiang is an honour to our country.4)尊敬，给以荣誉(v)Children should honour their parents

9、.7. satisfy Vt. Vi.使满意，使满足Nothing can satisfy him except the best.Some people are really hard to satisfy.sb.be satisfied with 对满意e.g. She ssnoitsfied with her new house.令人满意的：satisfying, satisfactory满意：satisfaction8. please Vt使愉快，取悦It is difficult to please everybody.Our aim is to pleasethe customer

10、s.pleased （人）高兴的愉快的Pleasing （物）令人愉快的pleasant （物）好听的，令人舒服的pleasure高兴的事情 听到她悦耳的声音我们很高兴.We are to hear her voice. It is such a to us.I was very to hear the news.The news was very to us.9. harm n损害，伤害e.g. He meant noharm to you.（He didn t intend to hurt you.） do sb harm =do harm to sb=harm sbThe events

11、has harmed the relations between the two countries.10. They offer food, flowers and gift .词语辨析： offer, provide, supplyoffer 主动提供。 offer sth to sb; offer sb sth provide供给（所需物，尤指生活必需品）。 provide sth （for sb）; provide sb with sth. supply:供应（所需要或所要求之物）。 supply sth to sb; supply sb with sthWhen I meet dif

12、ficulty, my roommates will me help.They他们悬赏找回丢失的珠宝a reward for the return of the lost jewels.政府得提供这些老人们吃穿The government need to these old people with food and clothes.每个月都得供应足够的电。Electricity should be enough every month.11. in memory of = to the memory of sbThe museum was built in memory ofthe famou

13、s scientist. in honor ofin charge ofin search of sb. / sth.12. dress up盛装打扮，化装打扮You don t have doess up Come as you are.Children love dressing up in Halloween.dress oneself给某人自 己穿衣dress sb给某人穿衣服你认识穿着白色裙子的那个女孩吗？Do you know the girl who is dressed in a white skirt?Do you know the girl who is wearing a

14、 white skirt?Do you know the girl who has on a white skirt?选词填空： wear dress have on put on1 . My daughter is now able toherself.2 . Mr. Wu always a blue coat in Winter.3 .Xiao Wang a white shirt today.4 .I like to my hat when I go out in Winter.13. awardn.奖品，奖项，奖金，助学金She showed us theiwards she had

15、won.Mary got an award and was able to finish her study.vt.授予裁定award sb sth= award sth to sbThe judgesawarded both teams equal points.reward回报，报酬他因为努力学习而受奖。他用100块钱酬谢这个工人。He for studying hard.He the worker with 100 yuan.14. admire sb/sth (for )钦佩，羡慕They admired our garden.I admire him for his success

16、in business.我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。We all his courage and bravery.admiration 名词admirable 形容词15. look forward to(介词)+ n/ v-ing 盼望,期待I m looking forward to his coming.以下短语中的to也为介词，后面加doing,而不是dopay attention to 注意devote to致力于prefer to 更力口喜欢get down to 开始做be used to习惯于-ward向着一方向backward 向后 forward 向前16. as thoug

17、h= as if 好像，仿佛1 .虚拟语气（从句所用的时态比前面真实句所用的时态倒退一个时态.）He behavedas if/ though nothing had happened.He talks as if/though he knew everything.He looks as if he were ill.2.陈述语气（表示根可能的事实就用陈述语气,）It looks as if/ though it is going to rain.1 .）他向我招手好像有事情告诉我。He waved to me as if to tell me something.2 .）这女孩环顾四周好像

18、在找什么东西。The girl looked around as if in search of something.3 .）他说起来好像他是一个专家似的。He talks as if hean expert.4 .）他英语讲得彳赢疝，就像在英国学的一样。He spoke English so fluently as if he it in England.5 .）看起来我们对要赢了。It looks as if our team.17. turn up1） appear出现，露面他到目前还没有出现。He so far.你总是迟到！（做事慢慢吞吞的）You re always late for

19、 everything!2）调大声音，把.开大点儿请把火调大一点。Pleasethe fire.相关短iinturn down 关小,拒绝turn off关掉turn on打开turn out 结果是turn to sb. for help 向某人求助18. keep one s wordf信用，遵守诺言break one s wore背诺言in a word 简言之in other words 换句话说have a word with sb. 与某人交谈have words with sb. （about sth.） 关于某事与某人争吵我想和你谈一下。I d like to with you

20、.A gentleman should always _ his _.A. keeps; wordB. keep; wordC. keeps; wordsD. keep; words19. hold one s breath 屏息、当那个女孩看到那条蛇的时候，她屏住呼吸。The girl at the sight of the snake.take breathlose one s breath=_but of breath喘不过气来breathe v. breath n.When we got to the top of the mountain, we were nearly? A. un

21、der our breathB. lost our breath? C. caught our breathD. out of breath20. apologize 道歉apologize to sb for (doing) sth=say sorry to sb for doing sth你必须为你的粗鲁行为向老师道歉。You must apologize the teacher being so rude.apology n. make an apologyjo sb for (doing) sth.21. drown (drowned, drowned 混、泡,淹没，淹死洪水淹没了街道

22、和房子。The floods the streets and houses.借一消愁drown one s sorrow/sadness in drown one s sorrow/sadness in coffeeFrank tried to save the girl in the river, but unfortunately he wasA. drowned; drowningB. drowning; drownedC. drowned; drowned D. drowning; drowning22. It was obvious that the manager of the c

23、offee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.obvious adj.明显的，清楚的 It + be + obvious +that-clauseIt was obvious that she was in danger.23. wipe (wiped, wiped)Vt 擦，擦去? wipe off 抹掉，擦掉11wipe up 擦干净，歼灭The students on dutyA. Wiped the words offC. Cleanedthe blackboard during break.B. washedD.A and Cclean th

24、e blackboardwipe the words off the blackboard24. remind sb. of sth 提醒某人某事remind sb. to do sth remind sb. that 1)他提醒我那个承诺。He reminded me of my promise.2)他提醒我要早起。He reminded me to get up early.3)他提醒我本应该小心点。He reminded that I should have been more careful.25. As Li Fang set off for home, he thought.set

25、 off:动身，出发；(侧重去某一个地方)；使(地雷、炸弹)爆炸；Tom and his father set off for America yesterday.The bomb set off among the crowd.相关短语：set about doing sth.= set out to do sth 着手(做某事)26. 用 custom, practice 和 habit1) I have the of getting up early.2) It is the for the Japanese to take off their shoes when they get i

26、ntoa hall.3) Social differ from country to country.4) He makes a of cheating at examinations.5) We should pay when we import from abroad.#.custom指传统风俗、习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接不定式。#.practice习俗，惯例；与custom近义，但含贬义。 make a practice of 惯常做某事。#.habit生活习惯，后接of doing,不可接不定式。选词填空：worldwide/ permission/ apologize/ drown/

27、sadness/ wipe/weep / forgive/ obvious/ turn up/ keep one s word/ hold one s breath/ set off/ remind of 1) You shouldn t tell such lies.2) They entered the area without .3) The poor man is his sorrows.4) His fame is5) The man should to you for knocking you down.6) He can t himself for not seeing his

28、mother before she died.7) He is always waiting for something to .8) The children are fireworks in the garden.9) You may depend on what he says, for he is a person who always .10) The race was so close that everyone was at the finish.11) The film him what he had seen in China.选用下列单词的正确形式填空：ancestor b

29、elief gather agricultural admire award starve mean1. She has been a a scholarship to study at Harvard.2. The a of whom I am proudest is my great grandfather.3. When a boy leaves college and begins to earn money, he can live a life of i.4. Dark clouds were g in the sky. Heavy rain would come soon.5.

30、I like to take some e exercise at weekends.6. A in this country has developed greatly after liberation.用下列短语造句：in memory ofdress upas ifplay a trick onlook forward today and nighthave fun with1. A celebration was held（为了 纪念这位著名的 作家）.2. Children love g丁 扮）.3. The naughty students 5（在和他们的老师玩恶作剧）.4. I

31、am 盼望着见到他 ）.5. The three men took turns driving the truck, and他们夜以继日地驾驶了三天）.6. It looks af像他们都很着急）.7. At the Spring Festival in China, people love to get together to eat, drink and彼此都玩得很开心）.语法：情态动词情态助动词有十三个：may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to. 情态动词

32、的语法特征1）情态动词不能单独做谓语，除ought和have外，后面只能接不带to的不定 式。2）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有些情态动词，如can、will也有一般式和过去式的变化。3）情态动词的“时态”形式并不是时间区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动 词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。can, could 和 be able to 的用法I.can, be able totB可表示“能力”Can的主语是人或物,be able to的主语是人She can/be able to sing the song in English.This machine c

33、an make you feel comfortable.2 .can只用于现在式和过去式（could）。be able to可以用于各种时态。We ll be able tfinish the work soon.I haven t been able see the film.could用于表示泛指过去的能力。如：I could read when I was four.Although the soldier was badly wounded, he was able to tell what had happened. She ran fast but shecouldn t /wa

34、sn t acaectothe bus.3 .表示特定的某一过去能力或表示成功地做了某事时，只能用 was/were able to 不能用 could。He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.He was able to swim halfway before he got tired.4 .could不表示时态，表示委婉的请求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。Could I have a look at your notebook?Yes, you can./No, you cant.5 .表示“惊异，怀疑，不相信”的态度（

35、主要用于否定句，疑问句和感叹句中）Can this news be true?How can you be so foolish?It can bte Mary. She has fallen ill.6 .表示推测，译为“可能、或许” ,can常用于否定句（意思是不可能已经。和疑 问句；could除用于否定句及疑问句外，还可用于肯定句（意思是”那时可能；本来可 以）。Linda didn t catch the train. Sheld have caught it.Dont worry. They could have just forgotten to phone.may 和 might

36、1. may和might用于一般问句中表示委婉的请求，肯定回答用may,否定用mustn t-May I use your pencil?-Yes, you may./ No, you mustn . t2. may和might表示“可能性” ，may/might + v 指现在或将来可能发生的动作 情况。might暗示的可能性更小She may not be working now. John might be at home now.3对过去发生的事情的可能性作出判断用may/might have done用might比用may的可能性更小She may/might have gone t

37、o the cinema.They may/might not have received our telephone.4.may放在句首祈使句，表示祝愿。May you succeed! May God bless you!Will 两口 wouldl.will和would表示意愿、意志，可用于各种人称If you will help me with my English, I will be very happy.I promised that I would do my best.2.在疑问句中,will用于第二人称，表示请求或征求意见，would则语气更委婉Will you tell

38、him the news as soon as he comes backWould you please speak again more slowly shall ,should 和 ought tol.shall用于第二、三人称表示允诺、警告、命令、决心等。You shall do as I say.（命令）Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow. （允诺）Nothing shall stop me doing it.（决心）2 .在疑问句中，用于第一、三人称，用来表示请求或征求意见。Shall I open the window fo

39、r you? （征求意见）Shall he fetch some water for yoii （请求）3 . should常表示劝告、建议、命令，与 ought to意义相近，但oughtto多表示责 任、义务，语气强烈。在疑问句中通常用should代替ought to。Young people should learn how to use computers.Every citizen ought to obey law. You ought not to go.4 .should/ought to have donelfe示责备或批评，意为“本应该做到 但没有做到”， 用于否定则表示“

40、本不该 但 ought to的语气更强烈.You should/ought to have told her the truth earlier.Sheshouldn t have lefthout saying a word.must 和 have toI.Must用于一般问句中，肯定回答用must否定式用needn或don t have t版“不 必”，mustn表示禁止，不允许”Must I finish all assignments at a time?Yes, you must.No, you neednt.You mustn get down while the car is still moving.2 .表示“必须”这个意思时，must和have to稍有区别。must着重说明主观看法， have to强调客观需要。另外，have to能用于更多时态。Idon t like this TV set. We must buy a new one.There was no more bus. They had to walk home.3 .must表示对某人某事的猜测，作“准是”，“一定”，一般用于肯定句中。对过去发生的事情