(英语)高一英语非谓语动词解题技巧及练习题(含答案)

1、( 含答案 )一、单项选择非谓语动词1 Bats are surprisingly long lived creatures, some a life span of around 20 years.A having B had C have D to have【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：蝙蝠是一种寿命很长的动物，有的寿命约为20 年。根据与前面句子是逗号连接，没有连词，故判断后一句使用独立主格结构，空格处用非谓语动词，逻辑主语some与have是主谓关系，故要用 v-ing形式，故选 A。2 the pictures on the screen more clearly, the

2、y moved to the front row.A To watch B WatchingC Watched D Having watched【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了更清楚的看屏幕上的图片，他们移到了前排。表示目的用不定式，故选A。3 to as much English as possible is a good way to learn English well.A ExposedB Being exposedC Having exposedD To expose【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：尽可能多的接触英语是学好英语的很好的办法。这里is 是谓语，前面是主语，

3、应该用动名词，而且be exposed to 暴露于，接触“”，所以选B。考点：考查动名词做主语4 With the homework , the students can go to have a picnic.A being done B doneC doing D to do【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：做完作业后，学生们就可以去野餐了。此处是with 的复合结构，homework 和动词 do 是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，指作业被做，过去分词在句中作宾补。故选B。【名师点睛】with 复合结构“withM合结构”也是独立主格结构的一种，同样十分重要。在句中表示 原因，结果，

4、伴 随，方式”等情况。(1)with + 宾语+ 形容词The children were listening to the teacher with their eyes wide open. (表伴随)(2)with + 宾语+ 介词短语The old man used to take a walk with a stick in his hand. （表方式）（3）with + 宾语 + 副词The proud girl walked away with her head up. （表方式）（4）with + 宾语+现在分词Mary felt very shy with so many

5、eyes looking at her. （表原因）（5）with + 宾语+ 过去分词If you sit looking away from a person, or with your back turned, you are saying you are notinterested in that person. （表方式）本题就是考查此结构，homework 和动词 do 是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，指作业被做，过去分词在句中作宾补。（6）with + 宾语 + 不定式With too much work to do the next day, he felt anxious an

6、d didn（表原因） t sleep well.一般说来，with 复合结构放在句末多表示伴随状况；若放在句首，则多表示“原因 ”或 “条件 ”，例如：With her mother away from home, the little girl felt lonely. 由于她妈妈不在家，这个女孩感到很孤单。With the guide leading the way, I had no difficulty finding their village. 因为向导带路，我没怎么费事就找到了他们的村子。5 It didn t take a long time for the connecti

7、on between the missing money and our partner new car .A to makeB to be madeC makingD being made【答案】B【解析】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意为“丢钱和我们伙伴的新汽车的关系很长时间才被发现”。题干用了一个句型“1扑takes/took +时间段+ for + sb. +不定式”，表示 某人干某事花费了多长时间”， the connection 和 make 之间是被动关系，因此，用不定式的被动形式。故选B。【名师点睛】汉语思维习惯和表达习惯是中国学生做英语试题的头号障碍，要克服这种障碍，必须理解动

8、作和动作对象之间的语态关系。本题考查的是短语make connection, make 是谓语，connection 作 make 的宾语，此题的难度是把make 变成了被动语态的不定式。6 Mrs. White showed her students some old maps from the libraryA to borrowB borrowedC to be borrowedD borrowing【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：怀特抬头给学生看一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。分析句子可知，这里需要非谓语动词修饰maps,因为maps和borrow是被动关系吗，所以用过去分词

9、做定语，故选B。7 China msaige is improving steadily, with more countries its role in internationalaffairs.A recognizingB being recognizedC to be recognizedD recognized【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查 with 复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和 “认识 ”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故选A。8 The famous book Frankenstein, by British nove

10、list Mary Shelley, is the first work ofscience fiction.A writingB having writtenC writtenD was written【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。句意：由英国小说家Mary Shelley 所著的著名小说Frankenstein 是第一部科幻小说。句中the famous book Frankenstein 与动词 write 构成被动关系，要用过去分词短语written by British novelist Mary Shelley 做定语，相当于定语从句which was written b

11、y Britishnovelist Mary Shelley 。故 C 项正确。9 your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to conveyyour affection and emotions.A UnderstandingB To be understoodC Being understoodD Having understood【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：了解你自己的需求和沟通方式与学习传达你的感情和情绪同样重 要。不定式（短语）或动名词（短语）均可作主语，区别在于

12、不定式常表示将来，是特 指；而动名词表示一般情况，是泛指。而本句指的是普遍现象，属泛指，故用动名词较好。故选A。10 In 1938, Pearl S. Buck became the first American woman the Nobel Prize for Literature.A. winning B. winC. won D. to win【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意： 1938年，赛珍珠成为第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国女性。中心词由序数词修饰，用不定式作后置定语，故选 Do11 Come on,please give me some ideas about the p

13、roject.Sorry.With so much work my mind,I almost break down.A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled【答案】B【解析】“with复合结构”在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语，该 结构由 名词（代词）+不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词 -ing形式、动词-ed形式等” 构成。with+名词+动，-ing形式用于强调名词是动词-ing形式的动作的发出者或某动作、状 态正在进行。根据 work与fill的关系可判断出要用动词 -ing形式作宾语补足语，表示 工

14、作 充满了我的头脑"。动词-ed形式作宾语补足语表示被动。动词不定式作宾语补足语表示将 要发生的事。12 the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.A. Working outB. Worked outC. To work outD. Work out【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：为了解出那道数学难题，我已经向Russell教授咨询过好几次了。非谓语动词中只有不定式可作目的状语，题干中缺少目的状语，故选Co【知识拓展】不定式在句子中可作什么状语？

15、1）目的状语。Toonly to 仅仅为了），in order to, so as to, so（such）如此叔 to（如：He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。I come here only tosay good-bye to you.我来仅仅是向你告别。2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。如： What have I said to make you angry ?我说什么让您生气了 ?He searched the room only to find nothing.他搜查了房间什么也没找到。3）

16、表原因。如：I'm sorry to hear your father is ill听说你父亲病了很难过。考点：考查非谓语动词的用法。【名师点睛】本题考查不定式作目的状语。本题与2014年四川卷第7题相似一Goodidea.To find more about it, visit this website.这里是动词不定式形式的非谓语动词做目的状 语。非谓语动词是高考的重要考点。一般现在分词表示主动的关系，而过去分词表示被动 的关系，动词不定式的用法很多，通常是跟在一个动词后面形成的固定结构，能够分辨出 具体试题中的关系就可以轻松解题。13 （江苏）Around 13,500 new

17、jobs were created during the period,the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.A. having exceeded B. to exceedC. exceeded D. exceeding【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这期间，大约创造13,500个新的工作，超过市场分析师持有的12,000个的预期数量。分析全句可知，这里指前一件事情所带来自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。故选 Do点睛：本题考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词主要有动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词形式。having ex

18、ceeded强调时间先后，指的是此动作发生在谓语动词create的动作之前；toexceed表示将要超出；exceeded过去分词表示被动。分析句子可知，这里用现在分词作结 果状语。14 For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit on his own farm.A. grownB. being grownC. to ge grownD. to grow【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：早餐，他只喝来自他自己农场种植的新鲜水果的果汁。grow作定语修饰fruit , grow与fruit之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，是被

19、动关系，故用过去分词作定语。B项表示正在进行；C项表示还未发生，均不符合题意。故选 Ao15 China ' s Chang ' e 4 robotic probe entered lunar orbit on Wednesday,a major step in its mission to make a soft landing on the moon' s far side.A. markingB. to markC. having markedD. marked【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：周三，中国的嫦娥4号机器人探测器进入月球轨道，标志着它在

20、月球远端软着陆任务中迈出了重要一步。逗号前是主句，逗号后是非限制性定语，修饰整个主句，结合句意，主句和 mark之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，A选项正确。【点睛】不定式和现在分词均可用结果状语，但两者用法有区别：现在分词用作结果状语，通常表示一种自然的结果，即属预料之中的事；不定式用作结果状语，主要表示没有预料到的情 况或结果，即属预料之外的事。16 terrible, the medicine was thrown away by the child.A TastedB TastingC To tasteD Being tasted【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种药

21、尝起来非常难吃，被这个孩子扔掉了。主语是medicine，taste 与主语是主动关系，而且taste 是系动词无被动，因此用现在分词，故选B。17 Be careful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when to sunlight.A exposedB to exposeC exposingD being exposed【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词。本题考查短语be exposed to暴露与6句意：处理这种化学物质时要小心，因为它暴露在阳光下时会爆炸。故A 正确。考点：考查非谓语动词18 Tsing

22、hua University,in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.A found B founding C founded D to be founded【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意: 建立于 1911 年的清华大学是大量杰出人物的母校。Tsinghua University 和 found 之间是被动关系, 故用过去分词作后置定语, 选 C。19 China s Chang e 4 robotic probe entered lunar orbit on Wednaeys, da major stepin

23、 its mission to make a soft landing on the moon s far side.A markingB to markC having markedD marked【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：周三，中国的嫦娥4 号机器人探测器进入月球轨道，标志着它在月球远端软着陆任务中迈出了重要一步。逗号前是主句，逗号后是非限制性定语，修饰整个主句，结合句意，主句和 mark之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，A选项正确。【点睛】 不定式和现在分词均可用结果状语，但两者用法有区别：现在分词用作结果状语，通常表 示一种自然的结果，即属预料之中的事；不定式用

24、作结果状语，主要表示没有预料到的情 况或结果，即属预料之外的事。20 The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already for a meal to be cooked.AlaidB layingC to layD being laid【答案】A【解析】with + 宾语 + 动词 -ing 形式（即现在分词）表示动词-ing 形式表示动作正在发生；with + 宾语 + 动词不定式表示一个动作过程或即将发生的动作；with + 宾语 +过去分词表达被动含义。句意：客厅干净而整洁，餐桌已经为要做的饭准备好了。选A。考点：

25、考查非谓语动词。21 There are still many problems before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.A solvingB solvedC being solvedD to be solved【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我们准备在月球上长期停留之前，还有许多问题要解决。根据 非谓语动词作定语的规则，现在分词表示主动和正在发生，过去分词表示被动或完成，而不定式表示将要发生，故选D。22 Volunteering gives you a chance lives, including your own

26、.A changeB changingC changedD to change【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：做志愿者工作给你一个改变生活的机会，包括你自己的生活。名词 chance 后面通常用动词不定式作后置定语。故选D。23 There is a great deal of evidence that music activities engage different parts of thebrain.A indicateB indicatingC to indicateD to be indicatingB【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有大量证据表明，音乐活动

27、时会调用大脑的不同部位。本题为there be 句型主语为 evidence, indicate 作定语，修饰 evidence ,而"evidence"与"indicate " 之间构成主动关系，用现在分词indicating做定语修饰evidence ,故选B。24 A total of 19 Golden Rooster Awards , The Wandering Earth took home the award theBest Picture.A to presentB having presentedC being presentedD p

28、resented【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：在颁的19 个金鸡奖中，流浪地球获得了最佳影片奖。分析句子可知，A total of 19 Golden Rooster Awards 是独立主格结构，a total of 19 GoldenRooster Awards 和 present 之间为被动关系，且这个动作已完成，故用过去分词presented表被动和完成，故选D 项。【点睛】本句考查独立主格独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。其结构为：名词/ 代词 +to do/ doing/done/adj/ adv/ n以本题为例：因为前后

29、两部分有独立的主语，且没有连接词，故判断前面部分是独立主格结构，名词atotal of 19 Golden Rooster Awards 和 present 之间为被动关系，且这个动作已完成，故用过去分词 presented 表被动和完成。25 （北京）the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.A CatchingB CaughtC To catchD Catch【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了赶上早班的飞机，我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。这里逻辑主语是we,空中用不定式作目的

30、状语，表示提前交出租车并且早起的目的。故选Co【名师点睛】此题应抓住逻辑主语与从句的关系，然后从句意中看出句子中缺少的成份，可以知道这里用不定式做目的状语，意思是为了：学生需要注意非谓语动词中现在分词、过去分词、不定式和各种动词在句子中做的成份，才可以做好此类题。26 Students surf the internet more information about the university they are dreamtof.A foundB findingC having found D to find【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们上网是为了找到他们理想大学的更多的信息

31、。此处表示目的用不定式，指上网的目的。故选D。27 Mrs. White showed her students some old maps from the libraryA to borrowB borrowedC to be borrowed D borrowing【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：怀特抬头给学生看一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。分析句子可知，这里需要非谓语动词修饰maps,因为maps和borrow是被动关系吗，所以用过去分词做定语，故选B。28 When for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he

32、found it veryinteresting and rewarding.A askingB askedC having askedD to be asked【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意:当马克被问做教师这个职业时的看法。他说他发现这个工作是非常有趣和值得的。这里when 引导的省略句，完整的是when he was asked his view about his job as ateacher,这里当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语动词有be时，这时从句的主语与be 同时省略，故选B。考点：考查省略的用法。点评：本题难度适中。为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短

33、语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略。它是高中阶段的重要的语法项目，需要考生仔细分析句子结构，来确定省略的内容。这里考生容易误选A。即学即练:He is rather difficult to make friends with, but his friendship ， is more truethan any other.A.once gainedB.when to gainC.after gainingD.while gaining解析：A。考查省略句。once gained =" once" it is gained。当

34、状语从句的主语和主句的主语be 动词时，可省略从句中的主语和谓语部分。29 Urban Chinese travelled to 68 countries during the Spring Festival holiday, anaverage of 6,000 yuan each.A spentB spendingC to spendD having spent【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：春节假期期间，中国的城市人去了68 个国家旅行，平均每人花费6000 元。该句中的逻辑主语Urban Chinese 与 spend 之间是主谓的关系，所以该空需用现在分词。故选B 项

35、。30 The young man, in heavy traffic on the way, got home an hour later than usual.A catchingB caught.C having caughtD to be caught【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意：这个年轻人，在路上堵车了，比往常到家晚了一个小时。Be caught in 陷 “入 ”，做状语时省掉be 动词，表示状态，选B。考点：考查非谓语动词31 the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use sma

36、rtphones.A To enjoyB EnjoyingC To have enjoyedD Enjoy【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。此处用不定式表目的，故选A。32 with all sorts of affairs, the manager had little time to have a good sleep.A OccupyingB Being occupiedC OccupiedD Having occupied【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于经理忙于各种事务，几乎没有时间好好睡一觉。“经

37、理 ”和 “占用 ”之间是被动关系，用过去分词作原因状语，故选C。33 The study, from academics at Harvard , claims the first clear evidenceshowing that when temperatures go up , school performance goes down .A. to have producedB. to produceC. producingD. being produced【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这项来自哈佛大学学者的研究声称，它首次提供了明确的证据，表明气温上升时，在校表现

38、会下降。claim to表示声称做；而且produce这个动作发生在claims之前，故A项正确。34 In response to the citizens' concern, the government claimed measures to attend tothe increasingly serious smog in the past two months.A. taking B. to takeC. having taken D. to have taken【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定结构。句意：为了回应市民的担忧，政府声称在过去的两个月里已经采取措施来应对日益严

39、重的雾霾。claim to do声称，该用法是固定用法，过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成”用现在完成时，故选 Do35 in a red dress, she was easy to in the big crowd at the airport.A. Being dressed; pick outB. Dressed; pick outC. Dressed; be picked outD. Having dressed; pick out【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查过去分词和动词短语。句意：因为她穿着红色的裙子，所以在机场的人群中很容易被认出来。be dressed in穿着 ，作状

40、语表状态，故用 dressed。sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动意思，所以用 pick out。故B选项正确。【点睛】主动形式表被动意义的不定式1 .主语+ be +adj. +to do。能用于此句型的形容词有：difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome（ 使人疲劳的），interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc. 注意：当上述形容词在句中作宾语补 足语，后接不定式时，不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。2 .主语+be +

41、adj. + enough +to do 。3 .主语+be +too +adj. +to do。4 .不定式短语作后置定语时，如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主 动形式表被动概念。I have a meeting to attend today.5 .There be句型中，用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。6 .在 疑问代词+不定式”结构中。7.let, to blame, to seek等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。8. with+O.+to do结构中，不定式作宾补时，常用主动表被动，且表将要发生的动作。分析句子可知，sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被

42、动含义，符合第一点用法。所以用 pick out。故B选项正确36. While waiting for the opportunity to get , Henry did his best to perform his duty.A. promoteB. promotedC. promotingD. to promote【答案】B【解析】试题分析：本题考查的非谓语动词的固定搭配“get过去分词”，如“get burnt被烫伤，getpaid获得报酬；本句中的 get promoted获得提拔。句意：在等待着背提拔的机会的时候， Herry全力以赴地尽好自己的责任。故 B正确。37. Mos

43、t colleges now offer first-year students a course specially to help themsucceed academically and personally.A. designedB. designingC. to designD. being designed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在大多数大学都为一年级学生开设了一门课程，专门帮助他们 在学业和个人方面取得成功。a course和design之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故选Ao38. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city,all four people on board.A. killedB. killingC. killsD. to kill【答案】B【解析】【详解】