新实验四路由器的基本配置(静态路由、默认路由、RIP、ospf协议)

1、实验四配置路由器静态路由、默认路由和RIPv2、ospf协议RIPv2路由协议。一、实验目的本实验主要用来练习路由器的基本配置，包括静态路由、默认路由和二、配置静态路由和默认路由1.绘制拓扑图并保存，拓扑图如下图所示。Router 2Ftoutedl连接说明：路由器路由器路由器路由器1型号为2516,2和路由器4的型号均为2501 ;1的ethernet 0与路由器 2的ethernet 0相连;1的serial 0与路由器 4的serial 0相连；注意：在连接路由器 1禾n 4的串口时，请选择路由器 4作为DCE端;Fl uter42、以路由器1、路由器2和路由器4为配置对象，进行相关设置

2、。 按下表逐个设置路由器 1、路由器2和路由器4的相关接口的IP地址;Router1Router2Router4In terface Ether net 010.1.1.110.1.1.2255.255.255.0255.255.255.0In terface Serial 012.5.10.1255.255.255.012.5.10.2255.255.255.0举例： 对路由器1的两个接口的设置Router>e nableRouter#c onf term inalRouter(config)#hostname router1/*设置路由器 1 名称为 router1;Router1(

3、co nfig)#i nterface Ethernet 0/* 切换到路由器 1 的以太网接口 0Router1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0/*设置该接口的 IP 地址等Router1(config-if)#no shutdown/* 开启该接口Router1(co nfig-if)#e nd/* 退出特权模式Router1#conf t/*再进入配置串行接口0Router1(c on fig)# in terface serial 0Router1(co nfig-if)#i p add 12.5.10.1 255.255.25

4、5.0Router1(c on fig-if)# no shutdow nRouter1(c on fig-if)#e nd对Router4操作:Route r>RjOEiter>e 口 工IsRouter#conf tEnter confiration cosmands one per lineRouter (Goafig #hostrLajiie Router4RjOT3ter4 (config' #lnterf sORotater4 (coInvalid Couiauidnouter4 (conCiq-if>ttipRjoater4 tconELg-if >

5、;ttnoEnd with CNTL/E *add 12,5,10,2 255.255.255*0add 12.5.ID.2 255-255.255.0 shutdown%LINK-3-UFDOWN: InterfaceRonter4config-if>#end %LrNB：-3-UPDOWN; Interface %LIHEPROTO-5-DPDOWN: LineSerialO,ctianged state to upSerlain, protocolchanged state to downon Interf且ce Seri且IC , clianged state to dcwiiR

6、oute r4#对Router2操作：ftou te r>enaJ91eRonter#conf tEnter conf i gnrat i on Dcnunsnds , oneRouter (conf ig) Ithastnaiiie route r2 router2 (conf ig fhostnaue Ronterfl RoTTte 匸2 口 an£ig) ft interface eORduVerS(config-1f)#ip 电说d 10,1.1.0 255.255.255,0Router2 Cconf ig-i f) #no stiutdown %LINK-3-aPD

7、OWN: Interface Eth电rnetO, Ghanged state to up Itouter2 (config- if) #efidper line. End with CNTL/E .对routerl操作:Rjoiiter>Hou te r Afi na£>j.&Route nt conr tEnter contlauration couiutartds, one i>er J.me. End with Router(confICO#hostnanw routerlrouterl< conf1a> #1ntet eOCMTL/Z.

8、电 Invalid 1 ra>nt detected nt '*' marker,roTitwrl (oonf i«0rontfltrl(confi a-'J # i P add 10.1.1.1355.355.255.0roTitFl (uenf i b-istintflown4LIKir-3-UE>DOWll: Int«r£*o« Etharn«t O, ohang'Sel 七to rQnt«rloonfi g-if#«ndrDnt«rl#aonf tEnter oo

9、nfigziratl on cozamands on« p«r Zina. End with rQQtorloonfi 9#i ntorfaso aOrouterl(oonfi 9 i f)R ip add 12.5.ID.1 25.255.255.0 routerl oonf i g-if) Rno etratdewn %LINK-3-Un5OW?; IntoTfaoo routcTl(confi g-if)Rend %LIHir-3-nPDOWH： Interface% CIHEPROTO - 5 -UPIXyHN ; LineCWTL/2-changed stato

10、to TspSertalO J prptvcolstate to iownQR interface ScrialO, chnAigud atatu to downroQt«rl#Router4(co nfig-if)#clock rate 6400说明：其他两个路由器的接口的 IP设置，由学生参照路由器1的示例自己完成; 注意：在设置路由器 4串口的时候，要设置其时钟速率： 在路由器4上试着PING其他接口的IP地址，查看并分析结果;Router4#ping IC. 1,1.1Type escape sequence to abort,Sending 5. 100-byte ICMP

11、 Echos to 10.1.1.1, timeout is 2 secoads:Success rate is 0 percent (C/5 , Tomwitrip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 las Router4#ping IC*1*1.2Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, IOC-byte TCMP Echos to 10.1.1.2 t imeoTit i s J seconds:Saccessis C percent t0/5> t TOWMi-trip min/avg/max - 1/2/4 blsEloutGr4#

12、ping 12.5 .ID .1Type escape seqcience to abort,Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 12*5.10*1, timeout is 2 seconds:SnGcess rate is 0 percent (0/5) , Totmd-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 nasRouter4# 切换到路由器 4,设置静态路由；Router4(co nfig)#ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.5.10.1/*目的站网段地址子网掩码下一站地址 在路由器4上，按如下PING，查看

13、各个结果，并分析原因；Router4# ping 12.5.10.1Router4# ping 10.1.1.1Router4# ping 10.1.1.2Router4ttping 1210.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, lOO-byte ICMF Echos to 12.5.10.1, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is percent (0/5), round-trip mla/avg/max = 1/2/4 ma Ronter4#conf tEnter configuration command

14、s oneRouterl(config)#ip route 10*1.1.0Router4(confLg)ftexltRonterlttping 12,5 _10,1per line. End vith CNTL/S.255.255.255.0 12.5,10-1Type escape sequence to atoort. Sandi-ng 5 lOO-byte ICMP Echos tc12.5.10.1, tinLecmt: la 2 seconds:Success rate is percent fC/5)i , Toxind-trip Roater4ttping 10-1.1.1Mi

15、 n/avg/wax = 1/2/4 msType escape setjnence to abort.Sending 5庁 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1*1.1,tisLeout i s 2 seconds:fiaccess rate is D percent (0/5Ji Tound-tripRonher4ing 10-1-1,2nti a./ a.vq-/iiajc = 1/2/4 msType escape sequence to al>ort. £eiidi.ng 5” lOO-byte ICMP Echos tc 10.1.1.2,匸ime

16、oLLt i. s 2 seconds:Success rate is percent fC/5)i t round-tripmi a/avq/aiax = 1/2/4 msRon ter-4查看路由器4上的路由表;Router4#show ip routeRjotiter4#shciw Ip routeCodes: C - qQunected, S - static 1 - iGRFr R - RIF M - mo£>i ie r & - BGPD - EIGRP EX - ETGRP exhernalO - OSPF TA OSPP inter 孔rea£

17、1 - OS PF external type 1, E2 - OSFF estternal type 2, E EGFi - IS-rs, Ll - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default U - p«r-user static routeGateflra.y of last resort is not set10.0.0.0/24 is suhnetted, 1 subnets10,1.1.0 I/O via 12,5.10.1Router4#切换到路由器2上，配置其静态路由;Router2(co nfig

18、)#ip route 12.5.10.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.1Router?(config-if)韩exitRocitep2 (Gonf ig>fifIp roGte 12.5.10.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.1Router?(config)帝再次切换到路由器 4,再次PING，查看其结果与上次的不同，并分析原因;Router4# ping 12.5.10.1Router4# ping 10.1.1.1Router4# ping 10.1.1.2Ron te；r4#pLng 12.5.10.1_Type 弓sequence toSending

19、5, lOQ-byte ICMP Echos to 12.5.10.1, timeout is 2 seconds:S口ac&ss rate 1s 0 percent (0/5). round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 msIlouter4frpi ng 10.1.1.1Type escape segsenes to abort.Ssncli ng 5 lODbyte ICMP Echos to 10.1 _ 1.1 timeo口七 is 2 seconds :Success rate is 0 percent 0/5)卩 roond-trip min/avg/

20、max 1/2/4 msRjouter4#pi.ng 10.1.1.2Router4#切换到路由器2上，查看它的路由表;Router2#show ip routeuter2 (conf ig>#exittiter2#show tp renteodes: C - connected, S - static, I - ISRP, R - RTF, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRF, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, lA - OSPF Inter area El - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF exter

21、nal type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, LI - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default U - psT-nser static routejflteway of last resort is not setIC , C . C . 0/2-4 IS siibnetted r i subnets10.1.1.0 is di rectly couxected., EtbanietD12 * C «Q > 0/24 is, X sulraets12.5*10»0 1/0 via

22、 10<l .1.1切换到路由器 4上，删除静态路由，设置默认路由;Router4(co nfig)# no ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.5.10.1/* 删除静态路由Router4(co nfig)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.5.10.1/* 设置默认路由Router4#show ip routeRoa ter4 (config-J ttno ip roiite ID .1.1.0 2£5.255.25 0 13.S.10.1Rjotiter4 (conf tfip rotite 0 , D . D .

23、0 0 . D . Q 0 12.5,10.1Roi3ter4 (conf ig> #show ip route% Invalid Inp口t detected atmarker.Rauter4tconCig>tfexitRoater4#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGEP, R - RIP, M - niobi le, a - BGPD - EIGHP, EX - BIGBP external, O - OSPF, lA - OSPF inter areaEl - OSPF external type 1,

24、 E2 - OSFF ejcternal type 2, E - ESPL - IS-ISp LI - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - aandidate defa口Lt - per-oser static routeGateway of last resort is to network O.C+O.O £* Q.0.0.0 1/D) Yi亘 12.5.10.1Rjontar4#三、配置RIPv2和ospf路由协议1、设计如下图所示的拓扑图，R1和R2通过串旦接，PC为以太网口连接，各接口IP地址设置如图中已给出所示，路由器型号均为26

25、10 ；'172. 16. 1. 0/24R1172. 16.3.0/24172. IS. 2. 0/24E22、自己完成路由器 R1和R2的各自的以太网口和串口的配置; R1的配置Keal:«r>Roa tor AonMlfl七Bn tcsr con f iiTrit i on ccnuirnnciK . onu jmi- 1 i nv? . Hnri w i tTi Rcuter- < oo-iif L g > #1103niR1 (oonX 1 # L iiter-rcseKJ. (C：?onTlg-lEJ #lp mdU i节 H _Li 丄 J.

26、N3S d H 3口. 123 URJ. (e*rt±Mgf-i£) #no shti七Homei%LltTKi3UPDOWW : IntcTfa-ce EthenictC . chuuiccd state to R1 tc;otXi4-ir>cdtLdR1 »n r tTn-ttrri quT片11 已口 rc-uajuEins1*呼 11 门亡.R1 tlOonT 1 g- #inteT-ra-Cfe sDRi (con±iq：Lt#>p c±d X72 . J_e - & . 1wl til匕 Ikiva.J.id.

27、iiittat detected itmark-cr _Ri (ctokria-iavi iv? . iirt.衍 invj-icx mpKit tioteotaa atin 耳 Titer,Ri (conf ioifJ-Ril?172 .1R1 t con iQ- i f > -Wrict shin口Wn*viwir-a-upoowM = 工川上上亍亡口卍R1 czonriy-ir>t±n<l4 1-INK- J-UPDOWH : 工nt«T£O« %LIMEPROTO=5 UPIX3WW s Li nc255 _ 255.255.0

28、S4E-1 aio I PTDtDOOldlLdtiy电iJ U tcdt-Cftu 1_1JJto downariAn审*0on iTi'CfiX'f aoa ScnaLO j chancrod stat心 to dovn2#Fl#R2的配置Route r>Bba t e lX n mbLaRoTiter#conf tEiit«r co nfi ration comuLands oneBQTitrerconfig) ttiQstnaiue B2R2 (CQix匸i?)eOR2(conng-if tip add 172-16.3*2 255*255.255*0K

29、2 (coaf 1 i f #no shutdown% LINIC-3-OPDOWJ: Interface EttLernetO , changed state to iE2 (conlig-if) #endR5#conf tEnter gonf 1 guratton commaiids , one per line. End wi th *R2 (con.f i #interf ace sOR2(coafig-if#Lp add 172.16-2,2 255.253.255.0(con.fig-if) #no shutdown% LINK- 3 - UPDOWH i Interface Se

30、rialO , changed sta.te to upR2 (coafij-ifJ endper 11 n«, End withCMTL/S.opCNTL/S.PC的IP的配置:R2(co nfig-router)#version 2默认的是版本1，这里改成版本 23、分别查看R1和R2上的路由信息，在PC上互相测试连通性的情况，分析结果(未做)；Ulttshow ip routeCodes: C - connected p S - static, I - I GRP, E. - RIP H - mobile, B - BGPD - SIijRP, EX - EIGRP ejcte

31、rnal, 0 - OSPP, lA - OSPF inter area El - OSPF eKUernal type 1, B2 一 OSPF external type 2” E 一 EGFi - TS-TS, LI - IS-IS level-1, L2 - TS-IS level-2, * - candidate default U - per-tiser static routeGateway ci last resort is not set172.16.0.0/24 is SEbnatted, 1 subnets172,16.1,0 is di recti Y connecte

32、d, E theme toRl#R2ttR2#sh.ow ip routeCodes : C - connected, S - sta.ti csj 1 - IGliT, R RIP, H - mobile R - BCPD - E3GPP r EX - EIGRP eLternal, O - OSPF,工A - OSPP inter areaEl - OSPF external type 1E2 - OSPF external type 2, E EGPi - IS-IS, LI - rS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate defau

33、lt D - per-nser static roatfeGatevay of last resort is not satR2#4、在R1上配置 RI Pv2协议;参考命令如下:申明本设备的直连网段R1(config)#router rip/启用 rip 协议R1(co nfig-router)# network 172.16.0.0R1(co nfig-router)#version 2默认的是版本1,这里改成版本 2Rlftconf tEater c-onfi gnrati on conuoands one per line. End with CNTL/2 . RI fconfig&q

34、uot;) *roTi七er ripRIfconfig-router)tnetwork 172.15.0.0RItconfig-router)Aversion 2 pj. (config-router) #5、在R2上配置RI Pv2协议;参考命令如下:申明本设备的直连网段R2(config)#router rip/启用 rip 协议R2(co nfig-router)# network 172.16.0.0R2#con£ tEnter conf iguration ctrnmanfla , one per line, End wi tli CHTL/ER2(confiq)brout

35、er ripR2 (conf ig-ro口teT)#n它 tworlc 172.15.0.0R2(config-rooteT)#versi on 2R2(config-ro口tCT)#6、再查看R1和R2的路由信息，再测试两 PC的连通性，分析此时的结果。R1config-router)tfexitRJ. tconf ig) #exi. tRlfrstiow ip routeCodes: C - co 口 necteU, S - static, I - IGRF R 一 RHP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP externalt O - OS

36、PF, lA - OSPF Inter area El - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP t - IS-IS, LI - rs-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate djefault U - per-user static r口teGateway of last resort is not set172.16.0.0/24 Is subnetted, 1 subnets172. L6. L . 0 is directly onnected, Etlierne

37、tDlbR2conf i g-route r 卜#exitR2(config)#eMtt4tstlCW ip routeCodes: C - aonnected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RZP# M - mobilej B - BGPD - ElOEF BX - EIGRF external, O - OSPr,工A - OSFF inter areaEl - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS LI - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-

38、2/* - Candida匕e defaultU - per-nser statlc routeGateway of last resort is not set172 f le, O.D/S4 13 ndnatgg 1 subnets172.J. 0 is directly com;ecte<lr £thernetDR2#在 PC1 ping PC2:C;>ping PlnqingRequest Request Request Request Reoneattimed timed tinned timed timedout, out, ont. out. ont_Pin

39、g statistics for 172.16.3.22;Packets: Sent 5, Received 0, Lost 5 1.00E los9>ApproziiiLat； irotin<l trip times in mi 11 i-seconds:Mi nlmmu = Oms, Haiti mmn = Oms f Average =OmsPC2 上 ping PC1C : >pi ng Filing172.16.1.11172.1$.1.11 With 32 bytes o£ data:Rt©卫 eflt R-eqiaeat Bequest Re

40、cjnest Requestt-lm&d. t-lnbed. timed tlSKd tii&ed&at. nt. out. out. out.Ping statistics for 172.16,1.11:Packets: S«nt = 5卩 Received = 0, Lost = 5 Approxifflite round trip tines in milli-seconds:Mlrldlujil = Dins, Malmuni = Dxis, Average =loss,Dins7、在R1上配置ospf协议;R1(c on fig)# no rout

41、er rip取消rip协议R1(config)#router ospf 1启用ospf协议，“1 ” 代表进程，可以启用很多个ospf进程。R1(config-router)# network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0申明本设备的直连网段，属于区域172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 是反掩码匹配。0,这里的R1(co nfig-router)# network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 08、在R2上配置ospf协议R2(c on fig)# no router ripR2(co nfig)#router ospf 1R2(co n

42、fig-router)# network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0R2(co nfig-router)# network 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 09、再查看R1和R2的路由信息，再测试两 PC的连通性，分析此时的结果。172.16.3.22172.16.3.22 wLtb 32 bytes of data;R1 (config-ro titer#ne two rlt 172* IS. 2.(3 D » 0 » 0 - 255 area 0R1 (confiQ-router #networJt 172.16.1.0 0*0*0,255 area 0R1(config-router)#exitR1 (config (exitRlttaliow ip routeCodes: C - connected r S - static, I - I GRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGHT external