高中英语 特殊句式（课堂PPT）

1、1特殊句式特殊句式主讲：K2特殊句式特殊句式倒装句倒装句反意疑问句反意疑问句 省略句 强调句3特殊句式之倒装句特殊句式之倒装句倒装句倒装句 完全倒装完全倒装 （1、状语、状语+谓语谓语+主语；主语；2、表语、表语+系动词系动词+主语）主语） 部分倒装部分倒装 only在句首在句首否定词在句首否定词在句首否定短语在句首否定短语在句首so/such引导的部分位于句首引导的部分位于句首as引导的状语从句引导的状语从句省略省略if的虚拟条件句的虚拟条件句4一、完全倒装一、完全倒装谓语动词完全放置主语之前的句子，便是完全倒装句。谓语动词完全放置主语之前的句子，便是完全倒装句。这类句型主要有两种：这类句型

2、主要有两种：1状语状语+谓语谓语+主语主语为了强调状语，把表示方位或时空的副词或介词短语，如here/there，now/then，up/down，in，away，off，out，in the room，on the wall等，置于句首时。如：在英格兰一所大学的讲堂里坐着一位教授In a lecture hall of a university in England_.一个小型工厂坐落在河的南岸South of the river _ _sits a professor lies a small factory.倒装句倒装句52表语连系动词主语表语连系动词主语：Present at the

3、meeting were some scientists from China. 许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。Gone are the days when we were poor. 我们贫穷的日子一去不复返了。二. 部分倒装1only修饰状语（从句），且放在句首时，主句要到修饰状语（从句），且放在句首时，主句要到装装 Only in this way can we learn English well.【注意】only修饰主语时，句子不可倒装。如： Only you can solve the 62、否定词放句首，表示强调时、否定词放句首，表示强调时 ，要部分倒装：，要部分倒装：Neve

4、r before have I met him.Hardly did I think it possible.Not a single paper did the scholar write the whole term(条款).Seldom did the boy read newspaper.Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery（风景).Nowhere could we find the book.【否定词】never, hardly/scarcely (几乎不)、seldom, little, barely 几乎没有，rar

5、ely 不常，很少 nowhere无处，到处都无 7l by no means ; in no case; at no time 决不 ； not until ; l hardly (scarcely)when,；no sooner.than(一.就)Hardly had he entered the house when it began to rain.No sooner had they entered the house than it began to rain.【补充补充】hardly.when.，no sooner.than.，not only.but also.等引导两个分句时

6、，前一个分句用部分倒装，后一个分句不变。但当neither.nor.引导两个分句时，两个分句都要部分倒装。如：Hardly _when his father stopped him.他刚一开始说话他父亲就制止了他。Neither _，nor _. 我不知道，她也不知道。had he begun to speakdo I knowdoes she.3、否定短语在句首时的倒装、否定短语在句首时的倒装8在so/such.that.句式中，如果so/such引导的部分位于句首时，主句中的主语和谓语需要部分倒装.天这么黑，他看不见同伴的脸。_他说话声音如此大以至于隔壁的人都能听见。_that even

7、the people in the next room could hear him.pSo angry was he that he couldnt speak. pSuch great progress did he make that he was praised.So dark was it that he couldnt see the faces of his companions.So loudly did he speak4、在、在so/such.that.句式中的部分倒装句式中的部分倒装95、以as引导的让步状语从句，其表语应提到句首，其余部分不变。如果从句的表语是个名词，要

8、把名词前的冠词去掉。其结构一般为“adj./adv./v./v.ed/v.ing/n.as主语谓语”。_，she has seen much of the world. 她虽然年轻，但却见过很多世面。_，she is courageous. 她虽然是女人，但却很勇敢。【判断正误】 A child as/though he is, he is very brave. Child as/though he is, he is very brave. Young as/though she isWoman as she isas/though引导的让步状语从句中的倒装引导的让步状语从句中的倒装10如

9、果虚拟语气的条件句中谓语有系动词were，助动词had或情态动词should等，可省去if，把were，had或should移到主语之前。如：如果我是你，我会接受他的建议。_万一明天下雨，运动会就会推迟举行。_，the sports meeting would be put off.pWere he (If he were ) here now, I could ask him. pShould he (If he should) come, tell him to ring me up. pHad I (=If I had) got up earlier this morning, I wo

10、uld have caught the early bus.Were I you，I would take his advice.Should it rain tomorrow6省略省略if的倒装句型的倒装句型11真题再现真题再现1、Not until quite recently _ that language is closely related to culture.Ahe realized Bdid he realizeChad he realized Dhe did realize【解析解析】 Bnot until引导的短语置于句首，后面要用引导的短语置于句首，后面要用部分倒装结构，

11、所以要排除部分倒装结构，所以要排除A和和D；此外，句子中没有；此外，句子中没有明显的明显的“过去的过去过去的过去”标志词，所以不能用过去完成标志词，所以不能用过去完成时，故时，故C项也得排除。项也得排除。12真题再现真题再现2、At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River _，one of the ten largest cities in China. Alies Chongqing BChongqing lies Cdoes lie Chongqing Ddoes Chongqing lie3、We laug

12、h at jokes，but seldom _ about how they work. Awe think Bthink we Cwe do think Ddo we think【解析解析】 A考查倒装句。为了表示强调，把作状语的介词短考查倒装句。为了表示强调，把作状语的介词短语提到句首，此时句子采用完全倒装的语序语提到句首，此时句子采用完全倒装的语序【解析解析】 D考查倒装用法。考查倒装用法。seldom，hardly，never，no等具等具有否定意义的词位于句首句子用部分倒装语序。有否定意义的词位于句首句子用部分倒装语序。13真题再现真题再现4、_in the root of his

13、family that he decided to make a trip to Africa for further research. ASo interested Kunta was BSo interested was KuntaCHow interested Kunta was DKunta was such interested【解析解析】 B考查倒装句。考查倒装句。sothat这个固定句式中的这个固定句式中的so及其修饰成分提到句首时，句子倒装，因此及其修饰成分提到句首时，句子倒装，因此B项正确。项正确。14特殊句式之反意疑问句特殊句式之反意疑问句反意疑问句反意疑问句复合句后的反

14、意疑问句复合句后的反意疑问句并列句后的反意疑问句并列句后的反意疑问句否定句后的反意疑问句否定句后的反意疑问句1. 祈使句后的反意疑问句祈使句后的反意疑问句15如果主句的谓语动词是如果主句的谓语动词是think， believe， suppose， imagine， guess， expect等，后等，后面的反意问句要注意三种情况：面的反意问句要注意三种情况：(1)如果主语是第一人称I，后面的反意问句需与从句的主谓相一致。【例4】 I believe our team will win the match， _？A.do we B.dont we C.will it D.wont it答案：D(

15、2)如果主句的主语是其它人称，后面的反意问句常需与主句的主谓相一致。【例5】 She expects you will have a good time there， _？A.doesnt she B.does she C.will you D.wont you答案：A 1、复合句后的反意疑问句、复合句后的反意疑问句16(3)如果主句的动词是否定式，后面的反意问句要用肯定式。【例6】 I dont think he is right， _？A.is he B.isnt he C.do I D.dont I答案：A【例7】 You dont suppose they will come toni

16、ght， _？A.do you B.dont you C.wont they D.will they答案：A17两个并列句两个并列句(常见的连词有：常见的连词有：or，and，but，while，for等等)后面后面的反意问句的主谓一般需与离它的反意问句的主谓一般需与离它近近的那个分句的主谓相一致。的那个分句的主谓相一致。【例9】 The man works hard and he is the best worker in his factory， _？A.does he B.doesnt he C.is he D.isnt he答案：D2、并列句后的反意疑问句、并列句后的反意疑问句181.

17、前面的陈述部分有否定词前面的陈述部分有否定词not， no， never， nobody， no one， nothing， nowhere等时，反意问等时，反意问句用句用肯肯定形式。定形式。【例10】 He did not finish his homework， _？A.did he B.didnt he C.did not he D.not he答案：A2.前面的陈述部分有半否定词前面的陈述部分有半否定词hardly， rarely， scarcely， few， little， seldom等时，反意问句用等时，反意问句用肯肯定形式。定形式。【例11】 Tom seldom went

18、to see a film last month， _？A.didnt he B.did he not C.did he D.he did答案：C3.陈述部分有否定前陈述部分有否定前(后后)缀词缀词(如：如：dis，in，un，less)时，反意问句要用否定形式。时，反意问句要用否定形式。【例12】 John was unhappy about this， _？A.was John B.wasnt John C.was he D.wasnt he答案：D 3、否定句后的反意疑问句、否定句后的反意疑问句191.Lets开头开头，反意问句用反意问句用shall_we；Let us开头，反意问句用开

19、头，反意问句用will_you【例13】 Lets go shopping， _？A.shall we B.shall you C.will you D.will we答案：A【例14】 Let us go swimming in the lake， _？A.shall we B.shall you C.will you D.will we答案：C2.其它形式的祈使句后面，一般用其它形式的祈使句后面，一般用will_you。【例15】 Dont talk in class， _？A.do you B.dont you C.will you D.shall we答案：C4、祈使句后的反意疑问句、祈使句后的反意疑问句20反意疑问句补充反意疑问句补充陈述部分主语陈述部分主语反意疑问反意疑问部分主语部分主语疑问部分疑问部分谓语的数谓语的数例句例句this, thatit单数单数This is a bike，isnt it？these, thosethey复数复数These are not your books, a