泉州市中考英语英语语法填空复习题(及答案)

1、泉州市中考英语英语语法填空复习题（及答案）一、英语语法填空1 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1 个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。The topic of this programme is environmental protection. We human beings (do) a lotof things at the cost of the environment to develop economy quickly in the past few years. I do think it is time for us to understand the (important) of p

2、rotecting the environment anddo something about it. And today I would like (introduce) some simple but useful waysthat we can follow (easy) in our daily life. Firstly, turn lights if it is unnecessary.Then, go out in environment friendly ways such as by bus, by subway or by bike. We can even walk to

3、 work when possible,it is really helpful for both of our budget and health. Thirdly,try best to (use)things like books, paper, magazines and so on. And we can also take acloth bag when we go (shop). Please don't use plastic ones. Of course the public shouldraise environmental awareness and reali

4、ze it is (everyone) duty to protect theenvironment. Last but not least, the government should make laws to guide people's (behave).【答案】have done ； importance ； to introduce ； easily； off； because； use； shopping ；everyone's； behavior【解析】【分析】文章大意：我们人类在过去的几年里为了快速发展经济，做了很多牺牲环境的事情。我认为是时候让我们了解保护环境

5、并采取措施了。今天我想介绍一些简单但有用的方法。首先，如果不必要，要关闭灯。然后，绿色出行，比如坐公共汽车、坐地铁或骑自行车。如果可能的话，我们甚至可以步行去上班。第三，尽量使用如书籍、纸张、杂志等这样的东西。当我们去购物时，我们也可以带一个布袋。当然，公众应该提高环境意识，认识到保护环境是每个人的责任。最后，政府应该制定法律来指导人民的行为。（ 1 ）句意：在过去的几年里，为了快速发展经济，我们人类以牺牲环境为代价做了很多事情。根据in the past few years ，可知现在完成时态，现在完成时的结构是have done。 主语是复数，故答案是have done。（ 2）句意：我认

6、为是时候让我们了解保护环境的重要性并采取措施了。the importanceof., 的重要性，固定搭配，故答案是importance o（ 3）句意：今天，我想介绍一些简单但有用的方法，would like to do ，想要干某事，固定搭配，故答案是to introduce 。（ 4）句意：我们可以在日常生活中很容易地遵循。副词修饰动词，follow 是动词，故答案是easily。（5）句意：首先，如果没有必要的，关闭灯。关掉， turn off,固定搭配，故答案是 off。（ 6）句意：如果可能的话，我们甚至可以步行去上班，因为这对我们的预算和健康都很有帮助。 这是一个原因状语从句，能够

7、构成原因状语从句的是because,故答案是 because。（7）句意：第三，尽量使用书籍、纸张、杂志等物品。try best to do,尽力做某事，固定搭配，故答案是use。（8）句意：我们也可以在购物时带一个布袋。go shopping,去购物，固定搭配，故答案是 shopping 。（ 9）句意：当然，公众应该提高环境意识，认识到保护环境是每个人的责任。duty 名词，前面需要所有格，每个人的，故答案是everyone's。（ 10）句意：最后，政府应该制定法律来指导人们的行为。people's 是名词所有格，后面加名词，故答案是behavior。【点评】考查词汇在篇

8、章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。2 语法填空Chen Yujie studies at a boarding school in Ningbo, Zhejiang. She used to go back to her home in Cixi every week （get） money from her parents.It was not a short ride home and the trips were tiring. Chen hoped her parents

9、 could put the money on a bank card, she didn't have to travel so often.She decided to discuss with her parents during TV time after dinner. "It's usually themost relaxing time for our family," said Chen.She the right time. After a few turns of lobbying（ 游说 ）, her parents agreedwit

10、h Chen. For most teenagers like Chen, talking to parents can be difficult or even worrying. So they have to choose a right time.American magazine Highlight recently surveyed 1,521 （kid） aged 612 in the country,asking questions like" When you want to talk to your parents about something importan

11、t, when is best time to do it?". Results show that American kids seem to know when theirparents are most receptive（ 乐于接受的）. Mealtime is discovered to be their favourite time to talkto their parents. Bedtime comes （two）, followed by time spent in the car. （China） teenagers seem to have a similar

12、 tendency（ 倾向 ） towards the problem. A newspaper in Zhejiang did a survey it. The result shows most teenagers in the citywould choose mealtime to talk to their parents.So do you have anything to talk to your parents? Choose a good time.【答案】to get； so； it； chose； finally ； kids； the； second； Chinese；

13、 of【解析】【分析】本文介绍了青少年和父母交流的问题，对大多数青少年来说，与父母交谈可能很困难，甚至令人担忧。所以他们必须选择正确的时间。（ 1）句意：她常常每周回到在慈溪的家为了从父母那里取钱。此处是不定式做目的状语，为了，故填to get 。（ 2）句意：陈希望她的父母可以把钱打到银行卡上，这样她不用经常回家了。根据putthe money on a bank card 和 she didn't have to travel so often 可知， 把钱打到银行卡上 的结果是这样她不用经常回家了，故此处是连词表示结果，so 是连词 ，故填so。（ 3）句意：她决定晚饭后看电视时

14、和她的父母讨论这件事。discuss 后缺少宾语，it 指代把钱打到银行卡上这件事，故用it 指代一件事，故填it。（ 4）句意：她选择了正确时间。此处缺少谓语动词，根据下文choose mealtime to talkto their parents 选择用餐时间和父母交谈，可知是选择时机，choose 是动词，描述过去用 一般过去时， choose 的过去式是 chose, 故填 chose。（ 5）句意：在几次游说下，她的父母终于同意了陈的意见。副词修饰动词agreed，finally ，终于，是副词， 故填 finally 。（ 6）句意：美国杂志最近重点调查了该国15216 名 6-

15、12 岁的儿童。基数词1521 后是名词复数，故填kids 。（ 7）句意：当你想和你的父母谈论重要的事情，最佳时间是什么时候？best 是最高级，故此处缺少定冠词the,故填the。（ 8）句意：睡觉时间是其次。根据followed by time 接着是时间，可知此处表示顺序，故用序数词，two 是基数词，second 是序数词，第二， 故填 second 。（ 9）句意：中国青少年似乎也有类似的处理问题的倾向。teenagers 是名词其前是形容词，China是名词，中国， Chinese是形容词，中国的 ，故填Chinese 。（10）句意：浙江的一份报纸，了一个调查。a survey

16、 of,固定搭配，的调查，故填of。【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。3 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入适当的词或 使用括号中单词的正确形式填空。Exam time! Most kids don't like exams, we can't live without them. They play animportant role in our lives.Exams are not all the same. There are kinds. One kind tests our knowledge and s

17、kills.The other kind helps find excellent students in different fields. For example, universities (use) it to choose students.At middle school, exams are about answering (question) on paper. At university,doing an experiment or even (draw) a picture can also be exams.Kids in different take different

18、 exams. In the USA, many school children do a bookreport or a science report part of their exams. In Australia, middle school studentsneed to use they have learnt in class to make speeches. Sometimes, teamwork is partof an exam.So exams are our lifetime "friends". Be nice and (patient) wit

19、h them. They(help) to make US better than before.【答案】but； two ； use； questions； drawing ； countries ； as； what； patient ； will help【解析】【分析】本文介绍了考试是我们一生的“朋友 ”，善待他们，耐心对待他们，他们会帮助我们变得比以前更好。( 1)句意：大多数孩子不喜欢考试，但是没有考试我们无法生活。根据don't like exams不喜欢和we can't live without them离不开可知此处是转折关系，故用连词but,但是，故填 b

20、ut。( 2)句意：考试不尽相同，共有两种。根据下文的one 和 the other 可知是两者，故是基数词 two ，两个，故填two 。（ 3）句意：例如，大学用它来选择学生。描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语是名词复数universities,故谓语动词是动词原形，use是动词，故填 use。（ 4）句意：在中学，考试是关于在纸上回答问题的。answer question ，回答问题，故question 是名词，表示泛指用复数形式，故填questions。（ 5）句意：在大学里，做实验甚至画画也可能也是考试。根据doing an experiment or 可知 or 前后一致，故此处用动名

21、词做主语，draw 是动词，故填drawing。（ 6）句意：不同国家的孩子参加不同的考试。根据different 后是名词复数，下文提到美国，加拿大等国家，故此处是名词国家，country ,故填countries。（ 7）句意：在美国，许多学生在考试中会做读书报告或科学报告。此处缺少介词，根据report 可知此处是作为某个报告内容，as 是介词，故填as。（ 8）句意：在澳大利亚，中学生需要用他们在课堂上学过的东西来演讲。此处是宾语从句， learn 后缺少宾语，故用what 指代物，故填what。（9）句意：善待他们，耐心对待他们。 be系动词后缺少形容词，be patient wit

22、h,对有耐心，固定搭配，故填patient。（ 10 ）句意：他们会帮助我们变得比以前更好。根据Be nice 可知祈使句后是将来时，help 是动词 ， 故填 will help 。【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。4 语法填空I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. Because of his great achievements, he was thought to be more creative than the common person. When he （ask）why he

23、 was ableto do this, he gave the answer. It all came from an experience with his mother when he was about three years old." I （try）to get a bottle of milk from the fridge when I dropped thebottle and it fell. spilling（ 滋出 ）the milk all over the floor-a sea of milk ！ I was frightened and I didn&

24、#39;t know what to do!" he said.His mother heard the noise and got into the kitchen. "I （consider）how to explain allthis to you. Mum." he said. Instead of him, she said. "Robert, what a great mess youhave made! I （not see）such a huge sea of milk before! Well, since the milk has a

25、lreadybeen spilled, would you like （play）in the milk for a while? We （clean）it up afterthat." Then, he did so. After a few minutes. His mother said. "You know. Robert. whenever you a mess like this, finally you have to clean it up." He used a sponge（ 海绵 ）and together they cleaned up t

26、he spilled milk.His mother then said. "You know, we how to successfully carry a big milk bottle withtwo tiny hands just now. Let's go to the yard and fill the bottle with water to see if you （discover）a way to carry it." Then the little boy learned that if he grasped （抓紧 ）the bottle at

27、 the top with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it.What a wonderful lesson!【答案】was asked； was trying ； am considering ； punishing ； haven't seen； to play； will clean； make； failed； can discover【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述一位著名科学家的故事，作者从冰箱里拿牛奶时，不小心把奶瓶掉下地了，牛奶溅到到处都是，但是他妈妈并没有因此惩罚他，而是借此教育了他，他学会了如果他抓紧瓶

28、子顶部，他便可以把它拿起而不会掉下它。（1）句意：当他被问为什么他会这样做，他给了答案。根据was,可知用过去时，ask问，he和ask之间是被动关系，用过去时的被动语态，其结构为be+过去分词，主语是he, be动词用 was, ask的过去分词是 asked,故填 was asked。（ 2）句意：我正在努力从冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶的时候，突然我落下的瓶子，并且它掉了下来。此处表示我正在努力去牛奶的时候，恰好这时另一件事发生了，主句用过去将来时，主语是I, be动词用 was,故填 was trying。（3）句意：他说 妈妈，我正在考虑怎样向你解释整个这件事。"conside考虑，动

29、词，他妈妈金厨房时，他正在考虑怎样向妈妈解释，直接引语用现在进行时，其结构为be+现在分词，主语是 I, be 动词用 am, consider的现在分词是 considering , 故填 am considering o（ 4）句意：没有惩罚他，她说。“罗伯特，你搞得多么乱啊！我以前没有看见如此多的牛奶。根据常识，一般弄掉了牛奶，应该会受到惩罚，但是主人公的母亲并没有惩罚他，punish 惩 罚 ， 动 词 ， instead of 后 接 动 名 词 ， punish 的 动 名 词 是 punishing ， 故 填 punishing 。（ 5）句意：没有惩罚他，她说。“罗伯特，你搞

30、得多么乱啊！我以前没有看见如此多的牛奶。see看见，描述过去的动作对现在造成影响，用现在完成时，其结构为have+过去分词，根据not,可知用否定句，主语是 I,构成否定句要借助助动词 haven't, see的过去分 词是 seen,故填 haven't seen。（ 6）句意：因为牛奶已经被溅出，你想玩一会儿牛奶吗？would like to do sth 想做某事，play 玩， 故填 to play。（ 7）句意：我们然后将会把它打扫干净。描述将要发生的事情，用一般将来时，其结构为will+动词原形，clean打扫，故填 will clean。（8）句意：无论什么时候你

31、向这样搞得乱七八糟，最终你必须打扫干净。make a mess搞得乱七八糟，固定搭配，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是you ，动词用原形，故填make。（ 9）句意：他妈妈然后说。”你知道，我们刚才不能用两个小手成功的拿两个大奶瓶。由于寻找拿奶瓶的方法，可知不能用小手拿起奶瓶，用 fail,失败，fail to do sth不能做某事/ 失败做某事，根据just now可知，用一般过去时，fail的过去式是failed ,故填failed。（ 10）句意：我们一起去院子里用水装满这个瓶子看是否你能发现一种拿它的方法。用水填瓶子的目的是看是否可以发现拿它的方法，discover 发现， ca

32、n 可以，能，此次用candiscover,可以发现，故填 can discover。【点评】考查语法填空。首先理解文章大意，答题的过程中，注意考虑句型、语法、搭 配、语境等因素，最后得出正确的答案。5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Only a mother's love is true love. When you are still a baby, your mother takes good care you as much as possible. In your waking hours she always holds y

33、ou in her arms. When you are ill, she stops her work at once to look after you day and and forgets aboutherself. When you (grow) up day by day ， she feels very happy.When you are old to go to school, your mother still looks you all the time.On cold winter days, she always tells you (put) on more clo

34、thes. She always stands inthe wind waiting for you back from school every day. When you hurry to leave home for school with little breakfast, she always feels worried about you at home, She (usual) caresabout your study and spends much money on your school things. When you do well at school, you (se

35、e) the brightest smile on her face. Mother can do everything for you day afterday. Mother is always ready to give everything she has to her (child). truelove it is in the world! We will remember it forever!of； night； are growing ； enough ； after ； to put； usually； will see； children ；What【解析】【分析】文章大

36、意：短文论述了母爱的伟大。（ 1）句意：当你还是个孩子的时候，你妈妈尽可能地照顾你，take care of 照顾，故答案是 of。（2）句意：当你生病的时候，他立即停止工作日夜照顾你。day and night,日日夜夜，固定短语，故答案是night。（ 3）句意：当你一天天长大的时候，她感到非常高兴。grow 生产，动词，根据day byday 可知，句子时态为现在进行时，现在进行时的结构式be+doing ，主语 you 是第二人称，be的形式为are,故答案是 are growing。（4）句意：当你年龄足够大，可以去上学的时候。be +形容词+to do sth.足够而能够；固定句式

37、，故答案是enough。5）句意：你妈妈让然一直照看着你。look after 照管，照看，固定短语，故答案是after 。tell sb do do sth. 告诉某人做某事，固（ 6）句意：在寒冷的冬天，他总是告诉你多穿衣服。定句式，因此使用动词不定式，故答案是to put 。（ 7）句意：她通常会关心你的学习，在你的学习用品上花费很多钱。空缺处需要副词修饰动词，所以将 usual改为usually,故答案是usually。（ 8）句意：当你在学校表现地好的时候，你能看见她脸上最灿烂的微笑。本句为一种假设，主句使用一般将来时，一般将来时的结构式will+do ，故答案是will see。（

38、 9）句意：妈妈总是准备把她拥有的一切给了她的孩子。这里是泛指，指所有的有妈的孩子，应使用复数，child 的复数为children ，故答案是children 。（10）句意：世界上多么真实的爱啊！本句为感叹句，强调名词love,因此使用 what引导，因为在句首，首字母应大写，故答案是What。【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。6 阅读下面的短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。I never saw my father home fr

39、om work late or ill, nor did I ever see my father take a "night out with the boys". He had no(hobby) but just took care of his family.For 22 years, since I left home for college, my father called me every Sunday at 9:00 am. He was always (interest)in my life how my family as doing. The cal

40、ls even came when heand my mother were in Australia, (English) or Florida.Nine years ago when I bought my (one) house, my father, 67 years old, painted myhouse himself. He worked eight hours a day. He would not allow me (pay) someone tohave it done. All he asked was a glass of iced tea, and that I h

41、old a paintbrush for him and talk to him. But I was too busy, for I had a law practice to run, and I could not take the time to hold the paintbrush, or talk to my father.Five years ago, my 71 year old father (spend)five hours putting together a swingset(秋千)for my daughter. Again, all he asked was th

42、at I get him a glass of iced tea, and talk to him. But again, I had laundry to do, and the house to clean.The morning on Sunday, January 16, 1996, my father telephoned me as (usually), thistime he had seemed to have forgotten some things we had discussed the week before. I had to get to church, and

43、I cut the conversation short.The call came at 4:40 am. That day my father (send)to hospital in Florida, I got on aplane immediately, and I vowed( 发誓 )that when I arrived, I would make up for the lost time, and have a nice long talk with him and (real)get to know him.I arrived in Florida at 1:00 am,

44、but my father had passed away at 9:12 pm. This time it was he who did not have time to talk, or time to wait for me.In the years since his (die) I have learnt much about my father, and even more aboutmyself. As a father, he never asked me for anything but my time. Now he has all my attention, every

45、single day.【答案】hobbies； interested ； England； first； to pay； spent； usual； was sent； really；death【解析】【分析】这篇短文中作者给我们讲述了她的父亲，她父亲是一个很顾家的人，眼里只有他的家人。作者在短文中讲述了生活中的几件事情，从这些事情中我们可以看到，作者因为太忙，跟父亲没有太多的交流，当作者想要弥补时，父亲却离开了她。( 1)句意：他没有爱好，但只是照顾家人。hobby 是可数名词，表示泛指用复数形式，故填hobbies。(2)句意：他总是对我的生活感兴趣。be interested in,固定

46、搭配，对 感兴趣，故填interested 。( 3)句意：这些电话甚至是在他和我妈妈在澳大利亚、英国或佛罗里达的时候打来的。根据in Australia 可知此处是表示国家的名词，England,英国，故填 England。( 4)句意：九年前，当我买下我的第一栋房子时，我67 岁的父亲亲自粉刷了我的房子。one,基数词，一，表示第一个，用序数词，first,故填first 0(5)句意：他不允许我付钱给某人去做这件事。allow sb to do,固定搭配，允许某人做，故填to pay。( 6)句意：五年前，我71 岁的父亲花了五个小时组装秋千给我女儿。根据Five yearsago可知是

47、一般过去时，spend的过去式是 spent,故填spent。( 7)句意：1996 年 1 月 16 日星期日的早上，我父亲像往常一样7 点给我打电话，这次他似乎忘记了我们一周前讨论过的一些事情。usual 。as usual,固定搭配，像往常一样，故填（ 8）句意：那天，我父亲8 被送到佛罗里达州的医院。根据That day 可知时态是一般过去时， send 与主语 father 是被动关系，故是被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，助动词是 was ， send 的过去分词是sent ， 故填was sent。（ 9）句意：我发誓当我到达时，我会弥补失去的时间，和他好好长谈，然后真正地了解他。副

48、词修饰动词短语get to know , real的副词是really,故填really。（ 10）句意：在他去世后的几年里，我了解了很多关于我父亲的事情，甚至更多关于我自己的事情。his是形容词性物主代词，其后是名词，death,是名词，故填 death。【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，词性，搭配等多种用法。7 根据短文内容及所给提示，补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。Anna was a 9-year-old girl from a small village. It was the （one）day of her school intown. W seeing

49、her simple clothing and knowing her identity（ 身份 ）, other studentslaughed at Ann. Then the teacher told everyone to write d the 8 wonders of theworld. Everyone except Anna handed in （they） answer papers. The teacher came toher, "Don't worry. Just write. you have known. "Anna replied &q

50、uot;There are so many（thing） Which 8 wonders can I pick to write?"Most students answered （correct）-the Great Green Wall of China, the Great Pyramidof Giza, the Leaning Tower of Paris Finally the teacher（start） reading Anna's answer,"The 8 wonders: To be able to see. To be able to Hear,

51、 To Feel, Laugh, Think, Be Kind, Love and Learn! "The whole class kept （silence）.The girl from a small village reminded them the precious（ 宝贵 ）gift in their life, whichwere true wonders. 【答案】first； When； down ； their； What； things； correctly ； started； silent； of【解析】【分析】文章大意：课上老师让学生写出世界上的八大奇迹，一

52、个来自农村的小女孩的答案与众不同，他的答案提醒了我们生活中真正的礼物是什么。那才是真正的奇 迹。 （ 1）句意：这是她在镇上上学的第一天。根据the 可知应会使用序数词，one 的序数词为first,故答案是first。 （ 2）句意：当看到她简单的服装并且知道她的身份时，其他同学就嘲笑她。根据两个句 子的意思可知，该句是一个时间状语从句，根据首字母w 可知应会使用when ，故答案是When。 （ 3）句意：老师然每个人写下世界上的八大奇迹。write down 固定短语，记下，写下，故答案是down 。（ 4）句意：除了安娜每个人都把他们的答卷交上去了。they 在这里作定语修饰answe

53、rpapers,因此应使用形容词性物主代词their,故答案是their。（ 5）句意：就写你所知道的。句子为宾语从句空缺处作从句的宾语，应使用从属连词 what,故答案是what。 （ 6）句意：安娜回答到：有那么多的东西，我从中选八个吗？根据many 可知 thing 应使用复数形式things,故答案是things。（7）句意：大多数同学回答正确。correct在这里修动词answered,应使用副词形式，correct 的副词形式为correctly ，故答案是correctly 。（ 8）句意：最后，老师开始看安娜的答案。本文的基本时态是一般过去式，在这里应使用start的过去式st

54、arted ,故答案是 started。（ 9）句意：全班都保持沉默。kept 在这里是连系动词，后面跟形容词作表语，因此将silence 改为 silent,故答案是 silent。 （ 10 ）句意：这个来自乡村的小女孩提醒我们生活中宝贵的礼物，那才是真正的奇迹。 remind of 提醒，固定搭配，故答案是of。【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检 查验证。8 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It was early and there

55、 weren't many people on the road. A girl on a bike passed me （quick）. She was riding on ice suddenly she fell off her bike a few （step） infront of me. She was trying hard to get up but fell again. Without thinking, I went over and helped her stand up. She said "Thank you!" to me a smil

56、e and then rode away. Thewords "Thank you" warmed me and this made me feel （little） nervous about my newschool.When I finally got to school, I was led into the classroom and （ask） to sit beside a girl.I was so nervous. I knew some of the students were looking at me I didn't dare to loo

57、kat （they）. Soon the first class started. It was English. They used a different textbookfrom my old school and I didn't have a copy. As I was wondering what to do, a book appeared in front of me. "Let's （share）," the girl next to me said. I looked up. It was the girl I（help） that m

58、orning. What a surprise!【答案】quickly；when；steps；with ；less；asked；but； them ；share；helped【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者帮助了一个女孩，后来女孩也机缘巧合的帮助了他。（ 1 ）句意：一个骑自行车的女孩从我身边迅速经过。副词修饰动词passed， quickly 是副词，迅速地，故填quickly。（ 2）句意：她正骑在冰上，就在那时突然她从我前面几步远的自行车上摔了下来。根据She was riding 和 suddenly she fell off ，可知用when 引导时间状语从句，表示就在那时，故填 when 。（ 3）句意：她正骑在冰上，就