China's tourism industry in the development of policy bottlenecks

1、China's tourism industry in the development of policy bottlenecks         Abstract: Since 1998, the state of China's Central Economic Work Conference will be established as the tourism industry a new economic growth point, the status of tourism industr

2、y in China has been established, the tourism industry system is taking shape, also will be expanding industrial scale. However, with tourism in developed countries (regions) or as a focus on the development of tourism industry in the country (region) compared to China's tourism industry policy s

3、ystem is not yet mature in a number of key policy areas there are still some gaps. One of the main reasons for the gap caused by China's Tourism Industry in the Development of policy bottlenecks, therefore, timely recognition of these bottlenecks, and make corresponding policy adjustment is nece

4、ssary.         Key words: tourism industry; policies; bottleneck         CLC number: F592.0 literature logo yards: A Article ID :1673-291X (2009) 23-0037-02            &#

5、160;       Over the years, in particular, is '95' and 'Tenth Five-Year' Plan period of development, China has successively achieved the major Powers, from the tourism resources of these countries in Asia a historic leap from Asia Travel powers made

6、the historic power of the World Tourism across. China's tourism industry's international status has risen and growing international influence. But the tourism industry and tourism-related policies can not be supporting the rapid development phase, especially in improving the international co

7、mpetitiveness of the tourism industry policy, there are still many problems, the bottleneck of these policies have seriously restricted the sustainable development of China's tourism industry, from the whole see manifested in the following nine areas.        &#

8、160;           1, the lack of a set of tourism industry policy                    Overall, the current State Department issued a total of three industrial polic

9、y: First, the automobile industry policy; second water industry policy; three electronic information industrial policies. While local governments have promulgated the development of tourism in this region a number of policies, the state has also developed a number of related policy, but China has no

10、t yet promulgated a set of policies related to tourism industry. Questionnaires and interviews showed that the tourism industry of the tourism industry policy, is increasing.                    Second, tourism

11、is difficult to guarantee the quality of education                    Human resources in the tourism industry, the supply side, although the cause of tourism education in China has shown rapid development momen

12、tum, however, relative to the growing market demand, the travel very difficult to guarantee the quality of education. The present case, China is still a lack of a unified national training programs and an effective management approach, various types, various levels of training system partition serio

13、us and there are many loopholes, it is difficult to really Tourism Education The fundamental purpose.                    Third, fiscal policy formulation and implementation of existing disconnect   &#

14、160;                Fiscal policy in the tourism industry, since the tourism industry is a capital-intensive economic sector in its development and growth process, the tourism infrastructure and tourism services, construction

15、 of facilities will require substantial capital investment, but lack of funds has been hampered the rapid development of China's tourism industry a stumbling block. Although China has adopted a series of investment support policies, such as land policy concessions, preferential tax policies, for

16、eign exchange policy (including foreign income remitted profits and wages and other income of freedom), the corresponding monetary policy support and the necessary financial support, but the implementation of the tourism industry are often out of line with the policy, the lack of a targeted national

17、 tourism industry, investment policies, and policy forms of a single track. In addition, market access, transparency, national treatment, both the existence of barriers.                    Fourth, the lack of r

18、egulating the market actors in the administrative regulation and legal regulation                    In the tourism-related legal aspects of tourism management bodies in the exercise of legal authority the lack

19、 of strong support has constrained the development of China's tourism industry and the international level synchronization bottlenecks. From a national perspective, my only one by the State Council promulgated specific regulations to implement a national tour - 'Travel Agency Management Regu

20、lations', far from being able to meet the practical needs; from the local point of view, developed over a number of laws and regulations related to tourism and other industries are often the management of the content of hybridity together, have less unilateral tourism management as a whole to re

21、flect the specific regulations. The absence of the main acts regulating market conduct regulation and legal regulation, allowing management to manage in the industry, when the main have no basis, can do.                  

22、;  5, destination promotion weaker than well-known destination for the East Asia and the Pacific                    Promotion in tourism destinations, over the years, tourism development fund is not e

23、nough, is a prominent problem in China's tourism development issues. At present, although the charge has been established airport charges (Tourism Development Fund) of the system, but because of the number of small and a single source of funds was not a fundamental solution to the problem of ins

24、ufficient funding. Tourism Development Fund, less than the cost of a direct result of lack of publicity, the China International marketing costs are 700-1000 million, or 15 overseas offices, compared to well-known destination for the East Asia and the Pacific, we are spending far too little publicit

25、y In addition, for publicity and promotion tool, it is also weaker than well-known destination for the East Asia and the Pacific.                    6, neglected to cultivate the tourism market entry  

26、0;                 The expansion of inbound tourism policy, the development process of China's tourism industry is the first development of inbound tourism, the 20th century, since the mid-80's domestic tourism h

27、as begun to gradually rise, since the 90s, overseas travel, to gradually produce an overall perspective, in addition to outbound tourism market is also there are a number of policy factors, the basically formed a buyer's market situation, therefore, the relative neglect of the inbound tourism ma

28、rket, cultivation, mainly in two aspects:         On the one hand, visa problem. The special political reasons why most of the major source countries of China with the visa procedures between the abnormal cumbersome, processing and approval time is longer, but

29、 it is impossible in the short term as the EU member states to implement mutual visa-free regime as. However, foreign travel experience to those seeking efficient visa travelers generally do not spend too much time, so that some of this contradiction can easily divert tourists to other countries. &#

30、160;       On the other hand, the opening up of aviation. One theory is that open country should have an open sky, but the national aviation authorities that the open skies issue related to national sovereignty, once the problem is related to national sovereignty,

31、no chance. In addition, our country can become a potential source markets, a number of international flights and destinations on the gaps. For example, China and South America and some other countries and regions, there is no direct route, which are severely constrained the development of China'

32、s inbound tourism. Reposted elsewhere in the paper for free download http:/         7, tourism and shopping lower than the international average                    In tou

33、rism consumption, over the years, tourism and shopping tourism industry in China has always been a weak link. On the international general level, the shopping should be the proportion of the total tourism revenue accounted for 30% of Singapore and Hong Kong region, a higher proportion, nearly 50%. O

34、ver the years, my country has been hovering at 20 percent, the 20th century, the late 90s or even early 90s dropped more than 5 percentage points. In the domestic tourism market, this proportion lower, shopping, only to spend about 15% of the total, of which up to 1 / 3 of the tourists in a tourism

35、activity, there is no shopping to spend. For the tourism consumption, our government has introduced a number of supportive policies to develop, but not fully implemented continue. In November 1992 the State Council issued the 'on the development of commodity production and marketing of tourism a

36、pproval' (State letter (1992) 171) document, the right support to commodity production and marketing of tourism has developed four policy: First, technological transformation, new product development, marketing and other aspects of external funding for the support; Second is the urgent need for

37、imported technology and equipment, all included in the technical transformation projects, with approval can enjoy preferential tax policies for technological transformation; three agree to fixed-point travel goods manufacturer to extract revenue from the sale of 1% of the funds for new product devel

38、opment; Fourth, to support the tourism product development, and agreed to travel goods imported raw materials designated production enterprise for a certain degree of foreign exchange turnover, compensation for the use. The four supporting policies, in addition to the implementation of an addition t

39、o Article IV, none of the implementation of the other. But the main reason is that the Government only to the importance of tourism attractions and infrastructure development and investment, tourism and shopping have been ignored in product development and innovation.      &

40、#160;             8, and tourism management organization system is not perfect                    Management organization in the tourism policy, China

41、's tourism management model adopted by the tourism bureau, according to administrative affiliation can be divided into four levels: the National Tourism Bureau, the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) Tourism Bureau, Tourism Bureau and city-level County Municipal Tourism Bureau. Ho

42、wever, in different places, the Tourism Bureau, especially low-level access functions of the Tourism Board uneven, and some 'Executive Council', either 'cause of Board' there are some tourist is directly involved in tourism business management, resulting in lax management, overstaffi

43、ng the mechanism is not active and many other ills. For a long time, China's tourism management system revealed by the increasingly prominent issue has been a serious threat to the health of China's tourism industry, stable and sustainable development. In addition, the lack of strong non-gov

44、ernmental organizations - the power of industry associations, at present, China's tourism industry association is still led by the government, the lack of autonomy and the right of self-discipline, industry associations did not play its real role. Meanwhile, the lack of the necessary communicati

45、on mechanisms, etc., are also the shortcomings of China's tourism organization.                    9, the regional development gap in the absence of co-operation mechanism      

46、0;             At present, China's unbalanced regional development, tourism, tourism, distribution of productive forces concentrated in the eastern coastal areas, on the contrary, the central and western inland areas, though they have a

47、bundant tourist resources, but because of the relatively poor accessibility, openness and low level of economic development, , leading to a lower degree of development of the tourism market. Between eastern and western and the lack of inter-regional cooperation mechanisms, resulting in the rational

48、use of resources can not, and further increase the gap between east and west.         In summary, although the rapid development of China's tourism industry, but the industrial development of the various defects has cropped up, industrial policy and policy of non-matching operation with the tourism industry divorced from other issues, appeared in succession, with the countries of the world regarded the development of tourism as the country's economic development