初升高衔接动词语态

1、6动词语态一、被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式，被动语态由be+过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done ( 过去分词 ) 一般现在时例 Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2) has /have been done 现在完成时am/is /are being done 现在进行时A new cinema is being built here was/were done 一般过去时I was given ten minutes to d

2、ecide whether I should reject the offer.had been done 过去完成时By the end of last year， another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.was/were being done 过去进行时A meeting was being held when I was there. 被动语态的特殊结构形式例 All the preparations for the task have been completed， and we're ready to start

3、.3)例3) 例6)例4) 例1) 情态动词的被动：情态动词+be+过去分词。例 The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.另一宾语仍然保2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语， 留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。例 His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3) 使役动词 have， make， get

4、以及感官动词 see， watch， notice， hear， feel， observe 等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主 动结构中不定式 to 要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加 to。例 Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为 A stranger was seen to walk into the building.4) 不定式 to do 也有被动语态： to be done 。 I dont want to be looked down 我不想被小瞧5) It is said that, 据说,It is reported

5、that ,据报道，It is believed that ,大家相信，It is well known that ,众所周知。 例 It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. (= The boy is said to have passed the national exam.)6) 很多动词如 break， catch， clean， drive， lock， open， sell， read， write， wash 等，当它们被用作不及物动词 来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式 表达被动意义 ,主语通常是物。例 This

6、kind of cloth washes well.7) 表示“发生、 进行”的词，如： happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out 等以主动形式表示被动意义。例 How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？8) 系动词没有被动形式 , feel, sound, taste, book, feel 等主动表被动。例 Your reason sounds reasonable.9) 在 need， w

7、ant， require, bear 等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 The house needs repairing( to be re p a i re d ) 这房子需要修理。worthy 后面跟动词不定式10) 形容词 worth 后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而的被动形式。例 The picture-book is well worth reading 一、 请把下列句子改为被动语态。1 They write many business letters every day.Many business lette

8、rs every day.2. Most of the people in that country speak French. French. _ _ by most of the people in that country.3. Thousands of people visit the Great Wall every day.The Great Wall by thousand of people.4. Mr Wang set up a private school in that village.A private school _ _up in that village by M

9、r. Wang.5. They used a new kind of explosive to destroy the old bridge.A new kind of explosive _to destroy the old bridge by them.6. We must finish our homework every day.Our homework every day.7. My father will buy a new bicycle for me.A new bicycle for me by my father.8. The school will award Bill

10、y a computer next week.Bill a computer next week.9. Nurses must take good care of the babies.Babies good care of by nurses.10. We should praise the boy for his honesty.The boy for honesty by us.二单选11. The window by the naughty boy yesterday.A. breaksB. broke C. is broken D. was broken.12.The food an

11、d medicine must_at a low temperature.A. keepB. be keptC. keepingD. kept13. The Olympic Games every four years.A. hold B. are held C. is taken place D. takes place14. The girls to go out at night.A. isn't allowedB. mustn't allowed C. aren't allowed15. English by many people as a second la

12、nguage.A. are learnt B. were learnt C. learntD. is learnt16. A Children's Palace by them in that city.A. will built B. has built C. will be built D. are built17. That restaurant at that time.A. is welcomedB. was welcomed18. New laws to fight pollution.A. will be madeB. will make C. is made20. He

13、 _A. startedD. wasn't allowed.C. was being welcomedD. welcomesD. have made _ doing his homework until his mother came back.B. will start C. won't startD. didn't start21. Mum, I've the table. Can we begin our dinner?A. lay B. lain C. laid D. lied22. - I finish the homework now, Mum?-

14、No, you . You can do it after dinner.A. Must needn'tB. Must.mustn'tC. Maycan't D. Maymay23. My father walk to work, but now he to work by bike.A. use to.goesB. is used to is goingC. used to .is goingD. used to.goes24. The thieves_by the policemen yesterday afternoon.A. caught B. are caug

15、ht C. were caught D. had caught25. We keep the new traffic law and learn how to protect ourselves.A. should B. may C. need D. can26. His parents pay for his education.A. doesn't need toB. don't need toD. doesn't haveC. needn't to27. Be quiet! The babyA. will sleepC. sleeps28. The wea

16、ther reportA. says B. tells29. children _A. DoeslikeC. Do .like in the next room.B. is sleepingD. are sleeping _it is going to rain tonight.C. speaks D. talks watching cartoons?B. Are .likeD. Does.likes30. Mike _A. mustn't 三完型_ be here now because he has just gone to Washington.B. needn'tC.

17、shouldn 't D. can'tWhen I had something difficult to do ， I used to ask my mother for help. But she always said, "Do it yourself ， dear." I was not 1. at all. I thought she was the 2. mother in the world!For example ， one day， I decided to 3. some friends to my home. My bedroom was

18、 not in order. Books wereeverywhere. And I didn't make the bed. I asked my 4. to help me clean it ， 5. she still said ，"Do it yourself ，girl."Because of my "lazy mother" ， I have to 6. my clothes and clean my room. I have to help my parents 7.I even have to go to the dentist

19、by myself. It is really hard for me to do everything well， but I have learned 8. .As time goes by ， I understand my mother. She makes me clever and diligent （ 勤奋的 ） 9. a great mother!A 10. mother is worth （等值于） one hundred teachers! Don't you think so?1. A. oldB. gladC. thin2. A. tallestB. most

20、foolishC. laziest3. A. leaveB. inviteC. visit4. A. motherB. fatherC. brother5. A. orB. whenC. but6. A. washB. leadC. knock7. A. do houseworkB. go swimmingC. go camping8. A. on showB. by mistakeC. a lot9. A. WhichB. WhatC. Who10. A. youngB. goodC. happy四阅读Have you ever been ill? When you are ill ，you

21、 must be unhappy because your body becomes hot ，and there are pains all over your body. You don't want to work ，you stay in bed ， feeling very sad.What makes us ill? It is germs（ 细菌 ）. Germs are everywhere. They are very small and you can't find them with your eyes， but you can see them with

22、 a microscope. They are very small and there could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.Germs are always found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope ， we shall see them in it. So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.Germs aren't found only in

23、water. They are found in air and dust. If you cut your finger， if some of the dust from thefloor goes into the cut（ 割开处 ）， some of the germs would go into your finger. Your finger would become big and red ， and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs would go into all of your body， and yo

24、u would have paineverywhere.1. Which of the following is TRUE?A. If things are very small ， they are germs.B. If things can't be seen ， they must be germs.C. Germs are only in dirty water.D. Germs are everywhere around us.2. What is a microscope used for?A. Making very small things look much big

25、ger.B. Making very big things look much smaller.C. Helping you read some newspapers.D. Helping you if you can't see things clearly.3. Why don't your parents let you drink dirty water?A. You haven't looked at it carefully.B. Water can't be drunk in this way.C. There must be lots of ge

26、rms in it. D. Water will make you ill.4. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Germs can be found both in water and in the air.B. Germs can go into your finger if it is cut.C. If your temperature is not OK ， there must be germs in your body.D. If your finger isn't cut ， there aren't any germs on i