最新中考英语动词的语态专项复习

1、中考英语动词的语态专项复习（一）用法梳理以及针对性练习被动语态（一）各个时态的被动语态1 .被动语态的用法：当说话者强调的是动作本身，且没有必要知道动作的执行者是谁时，常使用被动语态。被动语态可 避免提及动作的执行者，这样有利于对观点的陈述。在被动语态中，句子的主语是动作的承受者。2 .八种时态的主动变被动形式:1）一般现在时的被动语态：主语（主动语态中的宾语）+is/are+过去分词We keep the butter in the fridge. =>The butter is kept in the fridge.2）一般过去时的被动语态：主语（主动语态中的宾语 ）+ was/we

2、re+过去分词Jane painted a picture. =>A picture was painted by Jane.3）一般将来时的被动语态：主语（主动语态中的宾语）+ will be+过去分词The teacher will allow you to leave early. =>You will be allowed to leave early.4）过去将来时的被动语态：主语（主动语态中的宾语）+would be+过去分词I was sure people would punish him. =>1 was sure he would be punished

3、.5）现在进行时的被动语态：主语（主动语态中的宾语）十is/are being+过去分词He is repairing my bike. =>My bike is being repaired by him.6）过去进行时的被动语态：主语（主动语态中的宾语）+ was/were being十过去分词He was making a model plane. =>A model plane was being made by him.7）现在完成时的被动语态：主调（主动语态中的宾语）+ has/have been+过去分词They have caught the thief. =>

4、;The thief has been caught.8）过去完成时的被动语态：主书（主动语态中的宾语）+ had been+过去分词They told me that people had sent him to the hospital. => They told me that he had been sent to the hospital.3 .情态动词 can, may, must的被动形式：情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+ be+过去分词”构成。1）情态动词 can的主动变被动：主语 （主动语态中的宾语）十 can be+过去分词We can use coal to pro

5、duce electricity. =>Coal can be used to produce electricity.2）情态动词 may的主动变被动：主|语 （主动语态中的宾语）+may be+过去分词They may open a new school next year. =>A new school may be opened next year.3）情态动词 must的主动变被动：主|语 （主动语态中的宾语）+must be过去分词You must do the homework carefully. =>The homework must be done car

6、efully.【技能点睛】不及物动，sj （如appear, die, disappear, happen, rise）和状态动词（如 become, cost, contain, fail ,have, last, look like）不能构成被动语态。EXERCISES1 .用所给动词的正确形式填空1) Water（cover） most of the Earth's surface.2) Most of the Earth's surface(cover) by water.3) The letter(post) a week ago and it(arrive) yes

7、terday.4) Jack's parents(die) when he was very young. He and his sister (bring up) by their grandparents.5) I was born in Beijing but I (grow) up in Shanghai.6) While I was on holiday, my camera (steal) from my hotel room.7) A cinema is a place where films(show).8) All the windows of the buildin

8、g (damage) in a storm a few days ago.2 .根据括号中的提示，用被动语态形式提问：1) Ask about the telephone. (when invent) 2) Ask about the house. (when build) 3) Ask about the table. (what used for) 4) Ask about the wine. (what make from) 5) Ask about the photos. (where take) 3 .选择最佳答案填空1) Henry, you on the phone. Oh, .

9、 Thank you.A. are wanted; I come B. are wanted; I'm comingC. are being wanted; I come D. are wanting; I'm coming2) What a nice watch it is! It's my birthday present. It in Japan.A. makeB. makesC. is makingD. is madeA. don't allow to wear3) Students slippers when they are at school,B.

10、 are not allowed to wearC. are not allowed to put on D. are not allowed wearing4) I won't come to the party unless Sue , too. You mean if Sue comes you'll come.A. will inviteB. invitesC. invitedD. is invited5) I want to know when have a field trip. We'll have it when all the work .A. you

11、 are; will finishB. you will; finishesC. you will; is finishedD. you will; is finish6) A neighbour helped to keep our dog. It while we were on holiday.A. was taken care B. took care of C. is taken care of D. was taken care of7) The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he to the hospital.A. takes

12、B. is takenC. tookD. was takenKeys1. 1) covers2) is covered3) was posted, arrived4) died, were brought up 5) grew6) was stolen7) are shown 8) were damaged2. 1) When was the telephone invented?2) When was the house built?3) What was/is the table used for?4) What is/was the wine made from?5) Where wer

13、e the photos taken?3. 1) B 2) D3) B 4) D 5) C 6) D 7) D被动语态（二）主动变被动应注意的几个问题1 .带复合宾语的句子如何改为被动语态：1）将带复合宾语的句子改为被动语态时，把主动结构中的宾语改成主语，宾语补足语保留在谓语后面。We always keep the classroom （宾语）clean（宾语补足语）.我们经常使教室保持干净。f The classroom （原宾语） is always kept clean.I find the book （宾语）very interesting（宾语补足语）,我发现这本书很有趣。f Th

14、e book （原宾语） is found very interesting.2）下列动词后接动词作宾语补足语时应省去to,若改为被动语态，to必须还原。感至U feel; 听 hear, listen to; 使，让 make; 看 see, look at, watch, noticeI often hear him sing the song.我经常听见他唱歌。f He is often heard to sing the song.He made me work all day.他让我整天工作。fI was made to work all day.2 .带双宾语的句子如何改为被动语态

15、：带双宾语的句子改为被动语态时，通常将间接宾语改成主语，而直接宾语保留下来。有时也可把直接 宾语改为主语，间接宾语前加上 to或for。主动：We gave him （间接宾语）a warm welcome （直接宾语）.我们热烈欢迎他。一 He （原间接宾语）was given a warm welcome（直接宾语）.一 A warm welcome（原直接宾语）was given to him （间接宾语）.主动：My mother made me （间接宾语）a new dress （直接宾语）.母亲给我做了件新衣。一 I（原间接宾语）was made a new dress.（直接宾

16、语）.一 A new dress（原直接宾语）was made for me （间接宾语）.to：卜列动词引导的双宾语句子在把直接宾语改为主语时，间接宾语前加award 授予bring 带来give 给hand交给leave 遗赠lend借出mail寄给offer提供pass传给pay支付给下列动词引导的双宾语句子在把直接宾语改为主语时，间接宾语前加for:boil煮沸 book预订 bring带来 build建筑 buy买make 制作 order订购 pick 摘 prepare准备 reach够取3 .带宾语从句的句子改为被动语态的两个句型：宾语从句的主语+ be+主句谓语的过去分词+宾

17、语从句谓语的不定式It + be +主句谓语的过去分词 + that+原宾语从句People say she knows five languages.人们说他懂 5 种语言。f She is said to know five languages.fIt is said that she knows five languages.We believe the book has been translated into English .我们相信这书已被翻译成英语。f The book is believed to have been translated into English.fIt i

18、s believed that the book has been translated into English.EXERCISES1 .将下列句子改为被动语态：1) Somebody has cleaned the room.2) They have put off the meeting.3) Somebody is using the computer at the moment.4) They are building a new road around the city.5) You can finish these exercises.2 .根据汉语意思完成下列句子：1）这本书写

19、得很好。The book.2）我的新自行车昨天被偷了。My new bike.3）我听说这儿要新建一座博物馆。I hear a new museum.4）所有这些问题都必须回答。All these questions must.5）人们给他一本新书。（两种译法）He. A new book.3 .选择最佳答案填空：1） The pizza by my mother. Would you like to have some?A. makesB. was makingC. made D. was made2） Did Jack come to our party yesterday?N o, he

20、.A. wasn't invitedB. didn't invite C. isn't invited D. hasn't invited3） These bananas look different and they are sweet.-Right. They here from Taiwan yesterday.A. was broughtB. were broughtC. bring D. are brought4） Who is the little boy in the picture?I t's me. The picture 10 yea

21、rs ago.A. tookB. is takenC. has takenD. was taken5） Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start.一I'm sorry, but I when to meet.A. don't tellB. didn't tellC. haven't told D. wasn't told6） The recorder yesterday. It works OK now.A. repairedB. was repaired C. has repa

22、ired D. will be repaired7） Many old houses around our schoo next year and a large green area will appear.A. pull downB. will be pulled down3) The computer is being used at the moment.4) A new road is being built around the city.5) These exercises can be finished.2. 1) is well written 2) was stolen y

23、esterday3) will be built here 4) be answered5) was given a new book; was given to him.3. 1) D 2) A 3) B 4) D 5) D 6) B 7) B强化练习I . Choose the best answer.()1. A toy monkey to the child as a present on Christmas Day last year.A. gaveB. is givenC. was givenD. was giving()2. In some places, little to m

24、ake smoke clean.A. doesB. is doneC. has doneD. is doing()3. His head must at once.A. operateB. operate onC. be operatedD. be operated on()4. The persons under 16 years old shouldn't to go to the Internet Bar.A. to allowB. be allowingC. be allowedD. allow()5. The second regional meeting on bird f

25、lu in Vietnam not long ago.A. heldB. was heldC. will heldD. will be held()6. Mr Smith, together with his wife, to attend the party last week.A. invitedB. was invited C. were invited D. to invite()7. The window by the naughty boy yesterday.A. breaksB. brokeC. is brokenD. was broken()8. Football every

26、where in the world.A. are played B. is played C. is playing D. was playing()9. All the questions on the paper.A. answerB. are answeredC. will answerD. are answering()10. The baby panda is by the nurses.A. take careB. taken careC. taken care ofD. take care of()11. English is by travelers in the world

27、.A. usedB. usingC. useD. to use( )12. Traffic rules must by the drivers.A.obeyB. obeyC. be obeyedD. is obeyed( )13. The food and medicine should at a low temperature.A. keepB. be keptC. keepingD. keptA. isn't allowed()14. In that small city, the girls to go out at night.B. mustn't allowedC.

28、aren't allowedD. wasn't allowed()15. English by many people as a second language.A. are learntB. were learntC. learntD. is learnt()16. It is said that a Children's Palace by them in that city in 2008.A. will builtB. has builtC. will be builtD. are built( )17. When I was in England, that

29、restaurant at that time.A. is welcomedB. was welcomedC. was welcomingD. welcomes( )18. New laws to fight pollution in the near future in China.A. will be madeB. will makeC. is madeD. have made( )19. The wet clothes outside, or they won't be dry easily.A. should hang upB. should hung upC. should

30、be hung upD. should be hanged up()20. Where the World Expo 2010?A. is, heldB. will, be heldC. was, heldD. has, been heldII . Turn the following sentences Into passive voice.1. They write many business letters every day.Many business letters every day.2. Most of the people in that Country speak Frenc

31、h.French by most of the people in that country.3. Thousands of people visit the Great Wall every day.The Great Wall by thousands of people.4. Mr Wang set up a private school in that village.A private school up in that village by Mr. Wang.5. They used a new kind of explosive to destroy the old bridge

32、.A new kind of explosive to destroy the old bridge by them.6. We must finish our homework every day.Our homework every day.7. My father will buy a new bicycle for me.A new bicycle for me by my father.8. The school will award Billy a computer next week.Bill a computer next week.9. Nurses must take go

33、od care of the babies.Babies good care of by nurses.10. We should praise the boy for his honesty.The boy for honesty by us.11. They produce silk in Suzhou.Silk in Suzhou.12. The children will sing an English song.An English song by the children.13. You needn't do it now.It by you now.14. Lucy se

34、nt me a New Year Card last week.A New Year Card me last week.15. I gave this book to the library.This book to the library.16. Did they build a bridge here a year ago? a bridge here by them a year ago?17. Will you put on an English play in our school?an English play on in our school?18. Does he often

35、 make model planes ?model planes often?19. Did he break the window yesterday ? the window yesterday ?20. We clean the classroom every day.The classroom every day.in . Fill in the blanks with the words in their proper form.1. The train (arrive) fifteen minutes ago.2. Letters(collect) from this post b

36、ox twice a day.3. Our class meeting(hold) next Friday.4. A traffic accident (happen) this morning.5. How many dishes and plates(must wash) by Cinderella ?IV. Cloze.When you go to a dinner party, it's a good idea to bring a small p1. Flowers are always nice andwelcomed, or you may bring some drin

37、ks. For e 2, beer, brandy and something like that. Youshould a 3 on time or not more than five minutes late. Don' t get there e4. If you aregoing to be more than fifteen minutes late, you should c5 them or let them know. If you don't knowhow to use the fork and knife, don't w 6 about it.

38、 Try to be at the dinner table. You can watch other people and f 7 them. When you still have no idea of what to do, ask the person next to you. If you like the food, you should say what you think of it. Of course, you will thank the hostess and host for the meal, and say goodbye to them. Usually a t

39、hank-you card is n 8 after the party.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.1.1-5 CBDCB6-10 BDBBC11-15 ACBCD16-20 CBACBn . 1. are written2. is spoken 3. is visited4. was set5. was used 6. must be finished7. will be bought8. will be awarded9. must be taken10. should be praised 11. is produced12. will be sung13. needn&#

40、39;t be done14. was sent tobe put 18. Are made by him19. Was broken by him15. was given20. is cleaned16. Was built 17. Will5. must be washed出.1. arrived 2. are collected 3. will be held 4. happenedIV. 1. present 2. example 3. arrive 4. early 5. call 6. worry 7. follow 8. neededA. a magazine for old

41、peopleB. a magazine for young peopleC. a picture book for childrenD. a picture book for hobbies、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷1 .阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Hobbies let you explore interests outside of your line of work. They let you be creative and try all kinds of new things. Picking a different one can get you

42、r creative juices flowing again.Look at what interests you.Check what you love doing in your spare time. Do you enjoy reading books? Maybe you want to try your hand at writing your own. Do you like a hot coffee at the end of the day? Maybe your hobby could be trying to make it at home. Turn what you

43、 already love into a hobby.Think about what you value mostDo you value wisdom or courage? Do you admire artists? Let such question guide you when choosing a hobby.For example, maybe you could volunteer at a library as a hobby because you value education or maybe you could try painting because you ad

44、mire people who can express themselves with art.Examine your skills and personality.Certain hobbies require certain skillIf you don't have much patience, then maybe going fishing isn't something you'd enjoy. However, if you love building things, maybe you should consider a hobby like wor

45、king on older cars or building furniture.Play to your strengths.Pay attention to what excites yourThe way you talk about things can also show what you really like and it can be developed into a hobby.Think about the topics you go on endlessly about. Ask your friends and family what you seem to talk

46、about all the time. Now think about the subject that you enjoy so much and decide how it can be turned into your hobby.(1) This passage is most probably taken from.(2) This passage mainly shows us.A. how to find a new hobbyB. how to give up old hobbiesC. why you must find a new hobbyD. why you must

47、give up old hobbies(3) Which is the most suitable word for ?A. hobbiesB. skillsC. topicsD. interests【答案】(1) BA(4) C【解析】【分析】主要讲了发现一种新爱好的建议。(1)细节题。根据全文可知讲了发现一种新爱好，可知不是picture book图画书，排除C、D。根据maybeyou could volunteer at a library在图书馆里当志愿者，所以给年轻人写的，故选 B。(2)主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了发现一种新爱好的建议。故选 Ao(3)推断题。根据后文Think

48、about the topics you go on endlessly about.考虑下话题，可知最合适的词是话 题,topics,故选 Co【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案； 推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2.阅读下面短文，从下面每小题的A、B C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Nancy's hobby is collecting sharpeners ( 卷笔刀).She spends a lot of time on it after school. She ha

49、s been collecting more than one hundred sharpeners. They are all different in colour and size.Nancy likes sharpeners with animals on them. In this way, she learns the names of many animals. She also borrows books on animals from her school library. She learns a lot about them from books.Sometimes Na

50、ncy has many sharpeners of the same kind. She gives them to her friends. Then they give her other different sharpeners in return. Nancy has many e-friends in many countries. She sends them sharpeners of her country. In return, they send her sharpeners of their countries. Nancy's father also give

51、s her sharpeners. He brings them home from his friends for free.Many of Nancy's friends collect other things. Some collect coins and others collect matchboxes ( 火柴盒)or stamps. But all of them say that Nancy's collection is the most interesting of all.(1) Nancy spends a lot of time on her hob

52、by.A. before schoolB. in classC. after schoolD. during her holidays(2) Nancy's sharpeners are different in colour and size.A. All ofB. Some ofC. Many ofD. Most of(3) Sometimes Nancy has many sharpeners of the same kind, she.A. keeps them B. throws them away C. sells them D. gives them to her fri

53、ends(4) What DON'T Nancy's friends collect?A. SharpenersB. CoinsC. Matchboxes and stampsD. Both B and C(5) How does Nancy collect sharpeners? Which of the following is WRONG?A. Her friends give her some.B. Her e-friends send her some.C. Her father buys her some.D. Her father's friends gi

54、ve her some.【答案】（1） CA(3) D(4) A(5) C【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了Nancy的爱好一一收集卷笔刀。(1)细节理解题。根据第一段中She spends a lot of time on it after school.可知，南希是在放学后收集卷笔刀的。故选C(2)细节理解题。根据第一段中“They are all different in color and size.可知，南希的所有卷笔刀的颜色和尺寸都是不同的。故选 Ao(3) 细节理解题。 根据第三段中 “Sometimes Nancy has many sharpeners of the sam

55、e kind. She gives them to her friends.可知，她将相同的卷笔刀送给了她的朋友们。故选 D。(4)细节理解题。通过最后段中“Some collect coins and others collect matchboxes (火柴盒)or stamps.可知，其他人收集硬币，火柴盒和邮票，不收集卷笔刀，故选 Ao(5)理解归纳题。根据第三、四段可知，南希收集卷笔刀的方式有：和朋友互换；笔友送她；爸爸的朋友送她。文中并未提到爸爸给她买卷笔刀。故选Co【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带 着问题阅读短文，抓住关

56、键信息，选择正确答案。3.阅读下面短文，从下面每小题的A、B C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。One afternoon, on my way home, I saw a car accident （ 事故）！I asked people for help, but no one stopped. When the car driver and his wife saw this, they quickly closed the window of the car and drove away. "What shall I do? The old man needs help,&quo

57、t; I thought.At that time, a truck stopped and the driver came out. "What's wrong with the old man? What can I do?" the driver asked me. "Sir, please help the old man. A car hit him and he is badly hurt!" I said. "well, don't worry. Let me take him to the hospital first," the driver said.A few minutes later, the driver took the old man to the hospital and I called the police. I told the whole story to the police and I also told them the number of the car. The police said to me, "Wel