中考英语同义句转换解题技巧.docx

1、中考英语同义句转换题型解题技巧同义句转换是英语句型转换的一种重要形式，也是中考命题的一个热点。该题型主要考查同学 们对英语词汇、句型的掌握情况和灵活运用的能力。其特点是涉及面广、语言点多、方式灵活、要 求较高、难度较大。为了帮助同学们掌握一些同义句转换题型解题技巧，现将常见的同义句转换形式作一归纳：一、用同义词（近义词）或词组改写做此题型时，我们可以采用“词语替代法”，此法是指用词性相同的同义词、近义词或同义词 组对原句的某些成分进行简单的替代，而句子结构保持不变。因此，我们在学习过程中要掌握尽可能多 的同义词（组），如： be able to , can； arrive h （at） , t

2、Bach , get to ； be good at, do w ellh ； have a good tin e , en j）y oneself； bok after, take care of ； over , m 0正 1han 等等。 具体运用时，还要注意它们在句中的位置，形式与转换后句中其他部分的相应变化。例如：1. E very day , W ang Zhizhiwcei/es em ails fiom ihousands ofbaskelballfens.Every day , W ang Zhizhi-thousands ofbasketballfens.2. They w

3、 Hlgetto London h four days.They w ill London in four days.答案:1. hears fiom 2. arrive in二、运用反义词或词组改写英语中有些反义词（组）具有非此即彼的排它性。因此其否定式与其对应的反义词（组）同义。 如：sam e 与 dififeent, notsam e= dififerent, not diflfeiBnt =sam e ,所以此类反义词（组）的否定式 可以用于同义转换。另外，用反义词（组）替换，要注意上下句主语间的互换。例如：3. The mnnercouldn，tcatch up w ith 1he

4、 others h the race.The iunner 1he olheiB h 1he race.4. Tom borrowed a prture book ftom the boy jistnow.The boy a picture book Tom jistnow.答案：3. felbehhd 4. lent ； to三、用派生词或一词多义改写此类题型可采用“词类转换法”,利用某些派生词或词性相异的词组来代替原句中的某些成分。 此时句子结构会发生一些变化。例如：5. The snow was heavy hstnfeht .It lastnfeht.6. The foreigners

5、 have visited the G reatW all.The foteners have been to 1he G reatW all.答案:5. snow ed heavily 6. on a visit四、用同句型改写型是指利用意相同或相近，但构不同的句型、句式来表达同一句意的方法。此化常 的句型有:(l)notasas与比 的 化；(2)than any olher 与最高的化；(3)when ( after ,befi)t)引的从句与 not-until的化；(4)瞬 com e, go, Lave ,buy, dfe , begin , borrow)的去与含有段 状的完成的

6、化；(5)cost, spend on与pay for的化等等。例如：7. She spent30doihe on 1he English-C hhese dictionary.The English-Chinese drtbnaiy 30 dollars.8. H ow clever 1he m an is !cleverm an he is!9. How old are you ?your ?10. W e cam e hom e when itwas six ocbck .W e hom e itw as six o'clock.答案:7. costher8. W hata 9

7、. W ha£s ; age 10 . diln'tconi e ;until (before )五、二合一并成句二合一也叫“合并分句法，此法就是把两个并列句中成分相同的部分合并起来，使其成一 个句。常用的有：neither. nor.,either . . . or. . . , both . . . and., notonK . butalso .,其中由 neilher . . . nor. . . , either . . . or, noton . . . but also.等接的并列主，通常遵循就近原，即 需与后面的那个主保持一致。另外，可以使用too -to ,

8、 enough to等含有不定式的构把两个句子合并成一个分句。例如：11. H e hasn'tbeen to France . She hasn'tbeen to Fiance , either .heshebeen to Fiance .12. M rs. Sm ith is m y teacher . She is also m y good fiiend .M ib . Sm ith is m y teacher m y good friend.13. The room isn'tveiyb垣.ItcanhoH a btofpeople.This room is

9、n't hold so m any people.答案：11. N either ; nor ;has 12 . notonly ; butalso 13. big enough to六、句与复合句的互复合句化 句一般重于将从句化短或，使其句意 明了。常的 方法有：（1）用不定式替、用介短替、用名短替、用分性短替；（2）将从句化“疑+不定式”；（3）将 so -1hat-（ suchthat）弓I的状从句化含有too -to（或enough to ）的 句；（4） if引的状从句化“祈 使句,and （or） +句子例如:14. Ihope 1hatlean see you soon

10、.Ihope you soon .15. P lease tellm e whew w e show our tickets.P lease tellm e our tbkets.16. Ifyou donhuny up , youm iss 1he early bus . ,you won't 1he eari< bus .句 复合句，一般是把 大 从句，其 从句 用将来或“情 +原形”的形式。例如：17. Could you tellm e how to getto 1he postofee?C ould you tellm e how to the postoffice?答

11、案:14. to see 15 .wheeto show 16. H utry up ;or ; catch 17 . lean get七、用it作形式主行不定式的作出者一般是句子的主，但有却不是，不定式常会上自己的 主，一主常用fi）r引出。 例如：18. H e can finish 1he w otk easily .fcrhinfinish 1he woik.答案：18. It is easyto八、语态之间的转换语态之间的转换主要用于主动语态和被动语态之间的变化。例如：19. Y our classroom m ustbe cleaned every day .You yourcla

12、ssioom evety day.答案：19. m ustclean九、综合转换综合转换是在整体把握句意的基础上，对原句重新进行概括表达，它在词汇、结构等多方面都 有较大的变化。例如：20. Som elhhg is wrong w ith 1hatm achhe .Thatm achhe .答案：20. doesn'twoik实战演练1. B ike is shortforbrycle .B ike is saying bicycle.2. Ittook M ary an hour to do herhom ewotk lastnfeht.M ary an hour herhom e

13、wotk bstnight.3. They m ade hin wotk 12houtB a day .H e12 hours a day.4. lam a League m em ber . H e is a League m em ber , too .he I League m em bers .5. H e is so young thathe can't力in 1he aim y.H e is young 1he atm y.6. The pbyersm lied and jim ped into 1he river.The player jim ped into the r

14、iver.7. Mr Brown JeftLondon six years agoM r BrownLondon for six years8. The earth is bfegerthan 1he m oon .The m oon isthe earth.9. He isoneofmy friends .H e is a friend10. The teacher told us 1hatw e would notm eetatlhe schoolgate.The teacher told us at 1he schoolgate11. M ym other wentto T onghua

15、 hstw eek , and she hasn't com e back yetM y m other Tonghua .12. M r. Sm ith is woikhg .M r . Sm ilh is 13. Shallwe m eetathalfpast-bvo ?W hat athaJfpast o?14. The tree is so talllhatwe canreach it.The tree is tallfcrus leach.15. The chiHren are wearing beautifiilcblhes.The chzOden atB beautifi

16、ilcblhes.16. LiLeim ended 1he bike .The bike by LiLei.17. lEs good foryourhealth to take exercise often.exercise often can m ake you.18. They knew som e thing about iton after you told 1hemThey knew about it you told 1hem.19. B illdid better 1han Lh Tao .Lh Tao so as B ill.20. W hich m on1h do you l

17、ike best ?W hrh your m on1h ?21. Ihave som elhhg to tellyou . lEs htetsting .Ihave to tellyou.22. I saw 1hem phyhg baskelbaHthei .I saw 1hey baskelballthere.23. Listen carefiil , and yougethtewsted . listen carefiilly , youget interested .24. She has been a nuiBe forfie years .Itshe becam e a nurse2

18、5. A Haw here , butourEnglish teacherisn，t .is here ourEnglish teacher.26. They like to surf and nolhhg can stop them.Surfing is and nothing can m ake 1hem to27. The boy teacherwas very proud ofhin h class.The boy's teacher ofhin in class.28. Itw as so htewsthg a fiin Ihatallofus saw it tv ice I

19、tw as hteiBsthg Ihatallofus saw ittw re29. They JeftTonghua an hourago . They have Tonghua fcran hour,how ever strong you are30. You won'tm ove 1hatstoneYou won'tm ove Ihatstonestong you are .31. Notalshaiks are alike .S om e shaiks are , butsom e are .32. M y brolher j)hed 1he atm y when he was 20.M y brolher j)hed 1he aim y20.33. W hy don'tyou go to 1he m useum 1his afternoon ?to 1he m useum 1his afternoon?34. M olherwas busy w ith som e housewoik when Igothom e .M olherwas som e housew oik when Igothom e.35. The boy wanted a little m ik to drink.The boy w ante