现代大学英语精读3第二版Unit10_Book3（课堂PPT）

1、The End of the Civil WarJay WinikR einforcementT ext AnalysisThe End of the Civil WarB ackgroundW arming upUnit 10Questions/ActivitiesCheck-on PreviewObjectivesUnit 10Warming upThe End of the Civil WarWarming upQuestions/ActivitiesHow did civil wars usually end? Any examples? What about the Liberati

2、on War in China? In what ways was the ending of the American Civil War unique? According to the author, what made this special ending possible? In what ways was such an ending significant to the US? Please make a list of the names of people and places in the essay and put them into historical contex

3、t.Was Lees decision to surrender easy? Why or why not? What was Lincolns vision for the end of the Civil War? How do you interpret Lees and Grants different ways of attiring at the Appomattox House? Against what a background did the Bennett House Surrender take place? Why did the Bennett House Surre

4、nder conclude the same way as the Appomattox Surrender?Warming upQuestions/Activities The UnionWhos who and for what? Abraham LincolnUlysses S. GrantAndrew Johnson William SewardBill Sherman Union General CommanderUS President Union Secretary of State Union General Vice President A. MercyB. Punishme

5、nt C. Not Known Warming upCheck-on Preview The Confederacy Jefferson DavisRobert Lee Mary Lee Joe Johnston Commanding General, Moral Conscience of the South Confederate PresidentConfederate General Great-granddaughter of WashingtonA. Surrender B. Guerilla Warfare C. Not Known Check-on PreviewWarming

6、 upWhos who and for what? ObjectivesUnderstand the structure of the essay.Understand the uniqueness of the ending of the American Civil War.Explain the significance of such an ending to America.Understand different historic perspectives. Warming upBackgroundHistory AuthorThe End of the Civil WarUnit

7、 10 Senior scholar of history and public policy in the School of Public Affairs, University of Maryland Leading historian of the American Civil WarBackgroundAuthorThe combatants in the Civil War were the Union (northern states) against the Confederacy (southern states). True or False? 2. This war ha

8、d many causes. What do the historians believe to be the primary? A. Political turmoil B. Secession C. Slavery issues D. States rights A quiz on the civil warBackgroundHistoryThe North and the South quarreled in the Congress over whether the newly-acquired states in the west should be admitted into t

9、he union as free states or slave states. True or False?The North and the South were much different in its people, customs and way of life. True or False?Neither side was really prepared for war. The North had a small army and the South had none. True or False?The war would see about 75,000 orphans l

10、osing their fathers. Therefore, memory of the war has lasted for generations. True or False?BackgroundHistory Movie & TV Productions on the Civil War BackgroundHistoryDetailedAnalysisStructureThemeText AnalysisThe End of the Civil WarUnit 10Questions for thinking In what ways was the ending of t

11、he American Civil War unique in the human history of civil wars? According to the author, was such an ending inevitable or not? Why or why not?1. According to the text, what contributed to such a unique ending?Text AnalysisThemeI. Purpose and approach (paras. 1-2)II. The Appomattox Surrender (paras.

12、 3-15)A. Lees decision to surrender (paras. 3-5)B. Lincolns vision (paras. 6-8)III. The final surrender (paras. 16-22)Text AnalysisStructureC. The Appomattox Surrender (paras. 9-15)A. Volatile situation after the surrender (paras. 16-19)B. The Bennett House Surrender (paras. 20-22) Part I: Discussio

13、nWhat is the common concern in the study of wars? What is the authors research topic/purpose? Why does the author choose such a topic? What kind of historic outlook does the author have? inevitability vs. chance events What kind of approach does the author adopt? What should be the right approach to

14、ward history?What is the academic writing like? (para. 1) research topic (what) rationale for the topic (why) approach (how)Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II (A): Discussion What was the fateful choice facing Robert Lee? 1. What were Lees concerns? Good citizens with honor and dignityRebels with

15、 rage in a continued civil warvs.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisLee raised the dreaded concept of surrender, and he said, “Whatwill the country think?” (para.4)And Wise looked over at Lee, and he said, “Country? My God,man, you are the country to these men.” (para.5) Did Lee and Wise mean the same th

16、ing by “the country”? Why or why not? What if Lee shared Wises understanding? 3. How were the different understandings significant to the ending of the Civil War? Part II (A): DiscussionText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II (A): Words & Expressionsbe caked withThe surfaces of this living area ar

17、e always caked with oil stains. He didnt look alarmed or frightened, but his forehead was caked with dirt and blood.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II (B): DiscussionWhat did Lincoln fear? Guerrilla warfare A final bloody ArmageddonWhat was Lincolns vision? No hangings or bloody work But surrende

18、r with dignity and grace Abraham Lincoln visits City Point, VAText AnalysisDetailed Analysis“Let them surrender and go home, they will not take up arms again. Let them all go, officers and all, let them have their horses to plow with, and, if you like, their guns to shoot crows with. Treat them libe

19、rally I say, give them the most liberal and honorable terms.” Abraham Lincoln (City Point, Virginia, on board River Queen, March 28, 1865)Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II (B): Words & Expressionsin effect/fact/reality City Point was, in effect, an armed command post for the Northern Army. c

20、onfer with to meet and discuss with (sb) to make a decision He always confers with his colleagues before reaching a decision. Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II (C): DiscussionHow was the Appomattox surrender “far richer”? Uncertainty of Lees fate: another defeated general? Outcries for punishmen

21、t and vengeance What if Grant, who has a reputation as “Unconditional Surrender,” did not carry out Lincolns vision? Thousands of men standing at rapt attentionText AnalysisDetailed Analysis“And he should have been nervous because, throughout history, as he knew all too well, defeated generals and r

22、evolutionaries andtraitors were typically beheaded, or they were hanged, or they were imprisoned or, like General Napoleon, they were exiled.” Who were these generals and revolutionaries? Give some names! Why so? Typically, people believe that the ending of the war decides who is right! Text Analysi

23、sDetailed AnalysisPart II (C): DiscussionWhat are the terms for surrender? The Army of Northern Virginia: paroled Soldiers: take home their horses or mules Officers: allowed to keep their sidearms (Lee spared from the humiliation of a classic surrender of his sword)Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart

24、 II (C): DiscussionThe Appomattox Surrender Lees and Grants different ways of attiring, deliberate or not? Text AnalysisDetailed Analysis more information Quotes from Ulysses Grant: “I felt like anything rather than rejoicing at the downfall of a foe who had fought so long and valiantly, and had suf

25、fered so much for a cause, though that cause was, I believe, one of the worst for which a people ever fought, and one for which there was the least excuse. I do not question, however, the sincerity of the great mass of those who were opposed to us.” “The war is over. The rebels are our countrymen ag

26、ain, and the best sight of rejoicing after the victory will be to abstain from all demonstrations.” Text AnalysisDetailed Analysis “Boys, I have done the best I could for you. Go home now. And if you make as good citizens as you have soldiers, you will do well. I shall always be proud of you. Goodby

27、e. And God bless you all.” From the crowd came a loud cry. “Farewell, General Lee! I wish for your sake and mine that every damned Yankee on earth was sunk ten miles in hell!” Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisQuotes from General Lee: Part II (C): Words & Expressionsat hand close in distance or time

28、defy logic; defy the odds to go against sth; not to happen according to the principles The companys explanation for the accident defies logic. Text AnalysisDetailed Analysisstraighten up telescope throng digress rip apart want a piece of sth forgeReview Part III (A): Volatile situation after Appomat

29、tox1. Confederate armies still fighting in the fieldCommander Date of Surrender Tennessee Joseph E. Johnston April 18, 1865Alabama & MississippiRichard TaylorMay 4, 1865ArkansasM. Jeff ThompsonMay 12, 1865Louisiana & TexasE. Kirby SmithMay 26, 1865Indian TerritoryStand WatieJune 28, 1865Text

30、 AnalysisDetailed AnalysisJefferson Davis calling for guerrilla warfare Senator President of the Confederacy Advocate of guerrilla warfare Captured and imprisoned on May 10, 1865 Failed business man Author: The Rise and Fall of the Confederate GovernmentText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisMary Lees urge f

31、or continued fighting Robert Lees wife Great-granddaughter of Martha Washington What might the Confederacy mean to Mary Lee and to many other confederates? Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisAssassination of Lincolndecapitation! April 14, 1865, Fords Theatre in Washington, D.C. Assassin: John Wilkes Boot

32、h Part of a larger conspiracy for continued fightingText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisUnion government in crisis What was the crisis? President assassinated Vice-president incapable and unpopular Temptations for regency, cabinet government and military coup Generals suspected and later warned The transi

33、tion mechanism Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisAndrew Johnson, the buffoon Southerner, born in North Carolina 17th President of the US (1865-1869) Conciliatory policies towards the South Vetoes of civil rights bills No clear party identitythe buffoon The first US President to undergo an impeachment tr

34、ial Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisBill Sherman, the conspirator? No. 2 in the Union Army, after Grant Nervous breakdown during the Civil War “Create havoc and destruction of all resources that would be beneficial to the enemy.” Disrepute in the Westward Moment Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisThe trans

35、ition mechanism established by the founders (Founding Fathers)PresidentVice-PresidentHouse SpeakerActing Senate Speaker Secretary of State1. Secretary of TreasurySection 1, Article II, the ConstitutionAmendment XX Amendment XXVText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart III (A): Words & Expressionsbehind

36、 sth responsible for sth; the cause of sth Whats behind his overnight success? Hes one of the people behind the rapid development in computer science. Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisReview for that matter surrender be descended from grip volatile unseat figure under way intend for sb to do write off Part III (B): Discussion How did Sherman behave differently in handling the Bennett House Surrender? How to account for the change? How did Sherman and the Wa