山西省专升本综合英语模拟8

1、山西省专升本综合英语模拟8（ 总分： 150.00 ，做题时间： 90 分钟 ）一、I.Vocabulary & Structure（总题数：20,分数：20.00）1. Bacon and scrambled eggs _ the standard American breakfast.（分数： 1.00 ）A. wereB. areVC. have beenD. is解析： 解析 句意：熏肉和煎蛋是美国的传统早餐。尽管breakfast 没有使用复数形式，但是熏肉和煎蛋是两种食品， be 动词应使用复数形式。本句是一般现在时，所以用are。2. _ we all know, it is i

2、mpossible to speak or write English or any other language withoutusing the verb.（分数： 1.00 ）A. ForB. SinceC. AsVD. Which解析： 解析 句意：众所周知，在说或写英语或其他语言时不用动词是不可能的。固定搭配题。as weallknow 为固定搭配，意为：众所周知，与 as is known to all同义。3.Im going to have my letters _ tomorrow.（分数： 1.00 ）A. typeB. typingC. typedVD. to be ty

3、ped解析： 解析 句意：我明天将去把我的信打印出来。本题考查使役动词 have 的用法。 have sth. done 意 思是“使某事被完成”，这里是指信件被打印出来。在 have sb. do sth. 结构中，宾语和动词 do 之间是 主动关系，意思是“让某人做某事”。4.Im considering _ your offer.（分数： 1.00 ）A. acceptB. acceptingVC. to acceptD. accepted解析： 解析 句意：我正在考虑接受你的帮助。本题考查consider 的用法。 consider doing sth. 意为“考虑做某事”， cons

4、ider 后面一般跟动词的 -ing 形式。5.If I _ the exam, he would be astonished.（分数： 1.00 ）A. did passB. passC. were to passD. had passedV解析： 解析 句意：要是我通过了考试的话，他将会感到很吃惊。本题考查错综条件句中虚拟语气用法。 从句为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词应该用had done，故选 D。主句为与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词应该用 would/should/could+ 动词原形。6.No sooner _ stepped out of the hall than i

5、t began to rain.（分数： 1.00 ）A. had weVB. have weC. did weD. do we解析： 解析句意：我们刚走出大厅就下雨了。本题考查倒装结构。当表示否定意义的词“ never，hardly ，seldom，under no conditions，no sooner ”等置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构，即将谓语动词的助动词置于主语之前。以 no sooner. than/hardly.when引起的从句中谓语若用一般过去时，主句谓语动词就用过去完成时。7.Some students ran back to the dormitory, magazi

6、nes _ under their arms.（分数： 1.00 ）A. to be heldB. was heldC. heldVD. holding解析： 解析 句意：一些学生胳膊下夹着杂志跑回了宿舍。本题考查非谓语动词。逗号前面是一个完整的 句子， 所以推测出逗号后面应是一个表示伴随的状语结构，即由逻辑主语+分词构成的独立主格结构。又因magazine 与 hold 之间为被动关系，因此应用过去分词，所以选C。8.I like to get up early so that I can get plenty of work _ before lunch.（分数： 1.00 ）A. to

7、doB. doingC. doneVD. being done解析： 解析 句意：我喜欢早起，这样我就能在午饭前做完很多工作。本题考查非谓语动词。 have/get+sth.+过去分词表示“使某事被完成”。此结构中过去分词做宾语补足语，故选C。9. _finished his work, he had to stay at home on the weekend.（分数： 1.00 ）A. Having not beenB. Being notC. Not havingVD. Having not解析： 解析 句意：由于没有完成工作，他周末不得不待在家里。本题考查非谓语动词。因为前面分词结构的

8、逻辑主语为 he,所以与分词之间为主动关系，且not 要放在动词-ing 形式之前进行否定，所以选C。10. _ experiments on the laboratory, it started to rain heavily.（分数： 1.00 ）A. While performingB. PerformingC. While I was performingVD. To perform解析： 解析 句意：当我正在实验室做实验的时候，外面下起了大雨。本题考查时间状语从句。while 引导的时间状语从句常表示在一段较长的时间或过程中，主句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动作或状态同时发生。从句谓语

9、不能表示瞬时性或短暂性的动作。另外，A、B、D 项的逻辑主语为人，也不符合句意，所以正确选项为 C。11. _ on time according to the instruction, these pills will be quite effective.（分数： 1.00 ）A. TakingB. Being takenC. TakenVD. Having taken解析： 解析 句意：如果按照说明按时服用，这些药将会非常有效。非谓语动词题。分析句子结构，从句 动作 take 服，吃 （ 药） 与句子主语 these pills 存在动宾关系，因此要用过去分词形式，相当于一个状语 从句。

10、12. The meeting was put off until next week, which was exactly _ we wanted.（分数： 1.00 ）A. whatVB. whichC. thatD. it解析： 解析 句意：会议被推迟到下周，这也正是我们想要的。名词性从句题。本句考查关系代词what引导的表语从句做 which 引导的非限制性定语从句的表语，而且 what 在表语从句中做 want 的宾语。13. Mr. Smith left for London this morning. I had thought he _ until next Monday.（分

11、数： 1.00 ）A. isnt goingB. wasnt goingVC. wont goingD. hasnt gone解析： 解析 句意：史密斯先生今早离开去伦敦了。我原本以为他不到下周一是不会去的。谓语动词的时 态题。从句表示“我过去以为”的内容，所以其谓语动词应用过去将来时。14. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially trueit comes toclassroom tests.（分数： 1.00 ）A. whenVB. whileC. asD.

12、after解析：解析 句意： 做家庭作业是提高测试成绩的一种有效方式， 对课堂测试而言， 尤其是这样。 本题考 查 when it comesto. 结构。when it comes to. 为固定用法，意为“涉及，关于，就.而言”。15. What they said _ us much to think about.（分数： 1.00 ）A. have leftB. has leftVC. to leaveD. leaving解析： 解析 句意：他们说的话让我们考虑了很多。谓语动词时态题。本句的主语是what 引导的主语从句。当主语是 what/whether/that 等引导的从句时，谓

13、语动词用单数。故选B。16. The clothes a person wears may express his _ or social position.（分数： 1.00 ）A. significanceB. determinationC. curiosityD. statusV解析： 解析 句意：一个人的衣着可能显示其身份和社会地位。词义辨析题。significance ：意义，重要性； determination ：决心； curiosity ：好奇心； status ：身份，地位。17.In some countries, traffic police can _ instant

14、fines on speeding motorists.（分数： 1.00 ）A. compelB. imposeVC. chargeD. force解析： 解析 句意： 在一些国家， 交警可以对超速行驶者当即执行罚款。词义辨析题。 compel :迫使； impose: 罚（款） ，强制实行，常用结构 impose sth. on/upon sth. /sb. : charge :收费,要价，charge sb. for sth.； force :强迫，迫使，forcesb. to do sth.。根据词义及搭配选 B。18.He is not such a person and he_su

15、ch a thing.（分数：1.00 ）A. cannot have doneVB. must not have doneC. should not have doneD. could not have done解析：解析句意：他不是那样一个人，不可能做那种事。情态动词用法题。“cannothave+动词的过去分词”结构表示对过去发生事情的否定推测，表示“不可能”。故选Ao19have to_ my visit as rll be very busy next week.（分数：1.00 ）A. call forB. call onC. call offVD. call in解析：解析句意：

16、我不得不取消我的参观计划，因为我下周将会很忙。短语辨析题。call for :需要；call on :拜访；call off :取消；call in:打电话来（工作单位等）。2O.The educator and scholar_ from Shanghai.（分数：1.00 ）A. comeB. comesVC. has comeD. have come解析：解析句意：这位教育家和学者来自上海。谓语动词时态题。两个名词由and 连接，且只有一个限定词修饰时，它们常常表示同一概念。本句中两个名词 educator 和 scholar 只有一个限定词 the 修饰，表 示同一个人，所以谓语动词用

17、单数，选 Bo 如果两个名词分别有限定词修饰，它们则表示两个不同的概念，谓语动词用复数。例如： The educator and the scholar come from Shanghai.二、n.Cloze （总题数：1，分数：30.00）Most people retire from work between the ages of 60 and 65. This has 1 consequences, one economic and 2psychological.Economically: 3 retired people receive a pension （养老金）from th

18、e government or from their past4 , it is often much less than they earned when they were working. Unless people 5 to save money_ during their years 6work, their standard of living may fall greatly when they retire.Psychologically: Old people in Western countries are generally considered 7 , and they

19、 are eventhought of as a 8 onjtheir families and on the public purse. They are 9 held in respect._On theother hand, most of them, so used to 10 work, simply do not know how to relax or 11 other interests though they havetime to do so now. They feel they should be working and 12 , because work was13

20、they were respected and their skills recognized. 14 retired people, their self-confidence is diminished （减弱）.Thelonger they are away from the work place, 15_grows a sense of being worthless.（分数：30.00 ）A. twoVB. thereC. manyD. some解析： 解析 此句的含义为：有两种原因导致退休，一为经济原因，另一个是心理原因。选项 A. two 符 合题意。A. anotherB. t

21、he otherVC. othersD. other解析： 解析 one.,the other.一个另一个， another 意为“另一的，不同的”； the other 意为“是其中的另一个”； others 意为“另外的人”； other 意为“别的，其他的”。A. UnlessB. ForC. BeforeD. AlthoughV解析： 解析 此句的含义为：经济原因：尽管退休的人从政府或其以前的雇主处领取养老金，但这笔钱要 比他们在工作的时候能拿到的要少很多。 Although 意为“尽管”表让步。A. employeesB. employersVC. employeeD. employ

22、er解析：解析employees 意为受雇者，雇工，雇员”；employers 意为雇主”；employee 意为雇员”； employer 意为“雇主”。根据句意，退休者不是一个人所以雇主也不会是一个人所以用复数。A. had managedB. have managedVC. are managingD. will manage解析： 解析 此句的含义为：除非人们在其工作期间一直节约，他们的生活水平在其退休后才不至于大幅 下降。过去动作一直持续到现在，对现在有影响要用现在完成时。A. onB. withC. forD. atV解析： 解析 at work 意为“在工作”。A. useful

23、B. usefullyC. uselessVD. uselessly解析：解析根据题意 consider sb/sth. to be+ 形容词，to be 可以省略意为“认为某人是”；根 据下文内容可知在西方老年人被认为是无用的人。A. burdenVB. troubleC. difficultyD. problem解析： 解析 根据句意可知老年人被认为是家庭和社会的负担 (burden) 。A. mostB. mostlyC. hardD. hardlyV解析： 解析 根据句意可知老年人几乎不被尊重。 most 意为“最，最多，极其”； mostly 意为“大概， 大部分，主要”； hard

24、 意为“努力地，猛烈地，坚定地”； hardly 意为“几乎不”。故选 D。A. focusing onVB. focus onC. focusing atD. focus at解析： 解析 此句的含义为：另一方面是，他们中的大多数人已经习惯于工作，以至于他们不知道怎样去 放松。used to doing 意为习惯于做.”。A. produceB. pushC. pursueVD. purchase解析： 解析 根据句意：他们不知道如何去追求 （pursue） 他们的兴趣。A. contributingVB. contributedC. to contributeD. contribute解析

25、： 解析 此句的含义为：他们感觉他们应该一直工作和贡献。由 and 可知 working 和 contributing 为并列关系。A. whereVB. thatC. whenD. what解析： 解析 根据句意可知，只有在工作中他们才能获得尊重，他们的技能才能被认可。所以用where 引导表语从句。A. LikeB. AsVC. WithD. By解析：解析like 意为像. 一样”；as 意为“作为。根据句意此处为作为退休的人，. ”。A. keenerB. more keenC. the more keenD. the keenerV解析：解析the more., the more.意

26、为越.越.”。三、 川.Reading Comprehension （总题数：0，分数：0.00）四、 Passage 1 （ 总题数： 1，分数： 15.00）In the United States, elementary education begins at the age of six. At this stage nearly all the teachers are women,mostly married. The atmosphere is usually very friendly, and the teachers have now accepted the idea t

27、hat the importantthing is to make the children happy and interested. The old authoritarian （ 要绝对服从的 ） methods of education werediscredited （不被认可 ） rather along time agoso much so that many people now think that they have gone too far in the direction of trying to makechildren happy and interested ra

28、ther than giving them actual instruction.The social education of young children tries to make them accept the idea that human beings in a society need to worktogether for their common good. So the emphasis is on cooperation rather than competition throughout most of thisprocess. This may seem curiou

29、s,in view of the fact thatAmerican society is highly competitive; however, the need for making people sociable in this sense has come to beregarded as one of the functions of education. Most Americans do grow up with competitive ideas, and obviously quite afew as criminals, but it is not fair to say

30、 that the educational system fails. It probably does succeed in making mostpeople sociable and ready tohelp one another both in material ways and through kindness and friendliness.（分数： 15.00 ）（1）.According to the passage, the U. S. elementary education is supposed to make children _ .（分数： 3.00 ）A. s

31、ensible and sensitiveB. competitive and interestedC. curious and friendlyD.happy and cooperativeV解析： 解析 事实细节题。文章第一段第三句谈到老师们都认可让孩子们开心、有兴趣很重要；第二段前 两句又提到社会性教育强调的是合作而不是竞争。因此D 最符合题意。（2）_.Some Americans complain aboutelementary schools because they think _ .（分数： 3.00 ）A. children are reluctant to help eac

32、h otherB. schools lay too much emphasis on cooperationC. children should grow up with competitive ideasD. schools give little actual instruction to childrenV解析： 解析 事实细节题。 答案在第一段最后一句： “ .many people now think that they have gone too far in the directionof trying to make children happy and interested

33、rather than givingthemactual instruction.”（许多人认为在使孩子们开心、有兴趣方面做得太多，却没给他们实际的指导。）注意选项 D 里的 little表示“几乎没有”。（3）_ .The authors attitude towardsAmerican education can be best described as _ .（分数：3.00 ）A. favorableVB. negativeC. tolerantD. unfriendly解析： 解析 推理判断题。题目要求判断作者对美国教育持何种态度。选项分别为favorable（ 赞许的 ），nega

34、tive（ 否定的 ），tolerant（ 容忍的 ） ，unfriendly（ 不友好的 ） 。答案在第二段最后：“ it is not fair to say thatthe educational system fails. It probably does succeed in making most people sociableand ready to help one another.” （说这种教育制度失败是不公平的。它或许的确成功地使大部分人对人友善并乐于助人。 ） 由此可见，作者对美国教育持赞赏态度。（4）_ .The American educational system

35、 emphasizes .（分数： 3.00 ）A. material wealthB. competitionC. cooperationVD. personal benefit解析： 解析 事实细节题。答案在文章第二段第二句：“ so the emphasis is on cooperation.”，由此得知美国教育制度强调的是合作。（5）_ .The word sociable most probably means.（分数：3.00 ）A. fond of talking freelyB. friendly with other peopleVC. concerned about so

36、cial welfareD. happy at school解析： 解析 词语理解题。 sociable 意为“好交际的，友善的”。由文章可知美国的教育强调合作，使 人们变得友善，并乐于助人。因此 B 最符合题意。五、 Passage 2 （ 总题数： 1，分数： 15.00）While the cities of China have undergone modernization evident in the rising towers and bright lights that haveawakened the sleeping country, the countryside rem

37、ains largely the same. Rectangular（ 长方形的 ）rows of rice fieldslitter the landscape separated by long lanes of water designed to provide the constant supply of water that is vital toproducing the crop. The experience is not unlike driving through the American Midwest, only rice not corn dominates thel

38、andscape.Four years ago, when I last took this trip, the roads were dusted and telephone wires did notrun parallel to the highway. Bare roads had been replaced by sleek, newly paved highways running from Shanghai toNanking, to my smaller home city, Wuhu. Unlike the changes I had heard of and expecte

39、d in Shanghai, Wuhuwas muchmore of a surprise. The small city where I was born had grown up as I have. There are large high-rise buildings, eachringed with smaller buildings around it, many of these apartment complexes. Littleseemed familiarand Iwonder what my grandparents Flatbuilt of brick and mor

40、tar（ 灰泥 ） had become.Perhaps I shouldnt have been surprised to find out that their home had been demolished（ 拆除 ） and rebuilt as asix-story apartment complex as well. Walking up to the second floor I saw my grandfathers face peering out of thescreen door. He began to smile as he saw me, and so didI.

41、 Their home is now no different from a western apartment. Equipped with the modern amenities（ 便 利设施 ） of a gasstove, a toilet, a shower this was indeed different from four years ago. （分数： 15.00 ）（1）.According to the author, dramatic changes took place in _ . （分数： 3.00 ）A. cities but not countryside

42、of ChinaVB. countryside but not in large citiesC. both cities and countryside of ChinaD. everywhere解析： 解析 事实细节题。本题考查对第一段的理解，总的意思是虽然大城市有巨大的变化，但是农村还 是老样子。（2）_.It can be inferred from the second paragraph that.（分数： 3.00 ）A. peasants lead similar life all over the worldB. Chinese irrigating system is mo

43、re impressing than that in AmericaC. peasants in Midwest America raise more corns while Chinese peasants raise more riceVD. peasants in Midwest America raise more rice while Chinese peasants raise more corns解析： 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句：“眼前的景象很容易让人想起美国的中西部地区，只不 过那里到处是玉米，这儿到处是大米。”可知美国中西部的农民种植玉米较多而中国农民种植大米较多

44、。（3）_ .The author was traveling to Wuhu .（分数： 3.00 ）A. in order to take a stop during the trip from Shanghai to NankingB. in order to find some place similar to his hometownC. in order to visit his grandparentsVD. in order to find out changes in small cities解析：解析 推理判断题。 由第三段最后一句可推知： 芜湖是作者的家乡， 他回去是要看

45、望自己的祖父母， 故选 C。（4）_ .The authors grandparents.（分数： 3.00 ）A. live in their house of brick and mortarB. live in an apartment similar to westernersVC. led a totally westernized lifeD. was poor as they always were解析： 解析 事实细节题。 根据最后一段“ Their homeis now no different from a western apartment. ”， 判断出作者的祖父母住在

46、与西方人住宅类似的房子里面，故选B。（5）.Which of the following is the best title forthis passage?（分数： 3.00）A. Flash back to ChinaVB. Back with My GrandparentsC. Wuhu TodayD. From Shanghai to Nanking解析： 解析 主旨大意题。短文讲述作者回到祖国的所闻所感。芜湖、祖父母、旅途都只是短文涉及的一个方面，因此选项 A 最适合做标题。六、 Passage 3 （ 总题数： 1，分数： 15.00）VThe pleasures which a

47、movie offers to our eyes have been paid for with the loss of sight of a manwhose nameis hardlyknown outside the annals of science Joseph Plateau, a Belgian professor, born in Brussels in 1801.He studied the mechanism of sight, beginning a series of most dangerous experiments at the age of 28 by star

48、ing intothe sun for 25 seconds to see what the effect on his eyes would be. He was blind for nearly a month. But he went onexperimenting, increasing the length of time during which he looked into the sun, knowing that in the end this wouldcost him his sight. At the age of 42 he was completely and in

49、curably blind; the sun had destroyed the retina （ 视网膜 ）of his eye. But he continued to work as well as he could until he died at the age of 82.Science profited enormously from his research. He studied the so-called inertia of the eye（ 视 觉暂留 ）which makesa picture remain on the retina for about one-si

50、xth of a second after it has disappeared from our vision. This means that,if we see a succession of individual pictures each of which appears only for a fraction of a second, they overlap in ourbrain; and if they show consecutive phases of movement, that movement will appear to us to be continuous.

51、（分数：15.00 ）（1）.Plateaus experiments were the first step leading to the invention of _. （分数： 3.00 ）A. eyeglassesB. telescopesC. bifocalsD. motion picturesV解析： 解析 事实细节题。题目询问：“普拉托的实验是引导 _的发明的早期步骤。”从文章第一段第一句话“ The pleasures which a movie offers to our eyes have been paid for.”可知正确答案为 D， motion pictures=

52、movie 意为“电影”。（2）_ .The result of Plateaus first experiment was that.（分数： 3.00 ）A. he went permanently blindB. he stopped staring into the sunC. he went blind for a monthVD. he found what he was looking for解析： 解析 事实细节题。题目询问：“普拉托首个实验的后果是 _。”从文章第二段第二句话“ Hewas blind for nearly a month. ”可知本题的正确答案是C。（3）_

53、 .A picture remains on the retina for .（分数： 3.00 ）A. 6 secondsB. 1 secondC. 16 secondsD. 1/6 of a secondV解析：解析 事实细节题。 题目询问：“一个图像在视网膜上停留 _。”从文章第三段第二句话“ .apicture remain on the retina for about one-sixth of a second.”可知本题的正确答案是D。（4）_ .The images that we see are recorded in.（分数： 3.00 ）A. the brainVB. t

54、he eyeC. the retina of eyeD. the pupil解析： 解析 事实细节题。题目询问：“我们看见的图像被记录在 _。”从文章最后一段最后一句话“.they overlap in our brain.”可知它们被记录在大脑里。（5）_.Motion pictures . （分数： 3.00 ）A. cause inertia of the eyeB. show a succession of unrelated movementVC. show consecutive phases of movement which appear continuousD. show e

55、ach phase of movement for one-half of a second解析： 解析 推理判断题。题日询问：“电影是 _ 。”从文章最后一段最后一句话可知，如果图像呈现快速连续的阶段运动，则这种运动在我们看来就是连贯的。根据常识，我们平常看见的电影画面感觉就 是连续的，所以它展示的就是这种看似连续的不间断的运动。故本题选C。七、 Passage 4 （ 总题数： 1，分数： 15.00）Although each baby has an individual schedule of development, general patterns of growth have b

56、een observed. Threeperiods of development have been identified （ 确定 ）, including early infancy （ 幼儿期 ）, which extends from thefirst to the sixth month; middle infancy, from the sixth to the ninth month; and late infancy, from the ninth to the fifteenthmonth. Whereas the newborn is concerned with his

57、 or her inner world and reacts primarily to hunger and pain in earlyinfancy, the baby is already aware of the surrounding world. During the second month, many infants are awake moreand can raise their heads to look at things. They also begin to smile at people. By four months, the baby is searching

58、forthings but not yet grasping them with its hands. It is also beginning to be wary（ 谨慎的 ）of strangers and may screamwhen a visiting relative tries to pick it up. By five months, the baby is grabbing objects and putting them into its mouth.Some babies are trying to feed themselves with their hands.I

59、n middle infancy, the baby concentrates on practicing a great many speech sounds. It loves to imitate actions andexamine interesting objects. At about seven months, it begins to crawl, a skill that it masters at the end of middleinfancy.In late infancy, the baby takes an interest in games, songs, an

60、d even books. Progress toward walking moves throughstanding, balancing, bouncing in place, and walking with others. As soon as the baby walks well alone, it has passedfrom infancy into the active toddler （ 蹒跚学步 ） stage. （分数： 15.00 ）（1）.What is the main subject of this reading passage? （分数： 3.00 ）A.