英语一轮复习book1 unit2

1、Unit 2 English around the world 1.native adj. 本地的，本国的，天生的；本地的，本国的，天生的；有天赋的；有天赋的；n. 本地人；本国人本地人；本国人The native plants of Australia are the most varied and diverse in the world. 澳大利亚的本土植物品种是世界上为澳大利亚的本土植物品种是世界上为数最多也最为多样的。数最多也最为多样的。 sth.be native to sp.(动植物等动植物等)原产于某地原产于某地 go native 入乡随俗，过当地人的生活入乡随俗，过当地人的

2、生活 His native musical ability impressed his teacher.他天生的音乐才能给老师留下了深刻的印象他天生的音乐才能给老师留下了深刻的印象。(2) The tourists decided to go native. 观光游客们决定过一下本土人的生活。观光游客们决定过一下本土人的生活。(3)大熊猫原产于中国。大熊猫原产于中国。 The giant panda is native to China.(4)作为广州本地人，他对这座城市非常了解。作为广州本地人，他对这座城市非常了解。As a native of Guangzhou, he knows qui

3、te well about the city. 2.base vt. 基于基于, 以以为根据为根据 n. 基础基础, 基地基地, 基部基部 Actually, a countrys development is based on its economy. 事实上，一个国家的发展以它的经济为基础。事实上，一个国家的发展以它的经济为基础。 base sth. on sth. 以以为根据为根据 be based on 以以为根据为根据e.g. 我们的理论应该总是以实践为基础。我们的理论应该总是以实践为基础。We should always base our theories on practice.

4、base n.basis n.基础基础,基地，基部基地，基部（具体）（具体）基础（基础（抽象抽象）the base of a buildingthe economic basis4、present n. 礼物礼物 vt. 呈递呈递,提出提出,展现展现 adj. 目前的目前的(作作定语时前置定语时前置);在场的在场的(作作定语时后置定语时后置)根据语境猜词义根据语境猜词义(1) There were 200 people present at the meeting. (2) Levels of pollution present in the atmosphere are increasing

5、. (3) What can get him for a birthday present? (4) Youve got to forget the past and start living in the present. (5) He has presented all he has to the students who are too poor to go to college. (6) Are you presenting your paper at the conference? (7) It is essential that we present a more modern i

6、mage. (8) She used to present a gardening program on TV. 到场，出席到场，出席存在存在礼物礼物目前目前捐赠捐赠提交提交展现，呈现展现，呈现主持主持(1)他们正在讨论如何应对当前的困难。他们正在讨论如何应对当前的困难。 They are discussing how to deal with the present difficulties(2) 他们向慈善团体赠送了一笔钱。他们向慈善团体赠送了一笔钱。They presented a sum of money to the charity. (3)A wonderful opportuni

7、ty presented itself . 突然有了一个绝妙的机会突然有了一个绝妙的机会 present itself (to sb). 显露，产生显露，产生 at present 现在，目前现在，目前 for the present 暂时，暂且暂时，暂且 present sth. to sb. / present sb. with sth. 将将sth.呈送呈送赠送某人；向赠送某人；向sb.展现展现sth.4. request n. & vt. 请求；要求请求；要求注意：注意：sb. request that Sb. +(should )+V(原形）原形）The teacher re

8、quested that we (should) finish the survey report within a week.=The teacher requested us to finish the survey report within a week. 老师要求我们在一星期内完成这个调查报告。老师要求我们在一星期内完成这个调查报告。 ask 最通俗，最口语化的词最通俗，最口语化的词 beg 以谦恭的姿态要求给予巨大帮助。以谦恭的姿态要求给予巨大帮助。 request 客气的请求客气的请求; demand 强烈请求，要求强烈请求，要求 require 按照规章条例等要求按照规章条例等

9、要求, (客观客观)要求要求, 需要需要(正式用语正式用语) order /command 命令命令 The Bureau of Labor Statistics says eighteen of the twenty fastest growing jobs in the next decade will _ technical education. 2. With business so bad, I hate to do it, but I have to go to my boss, hat in hand and _ for more money. 3. You can _ that

10、 he or she recommend you to another specialist. 4. Though we were promised to get higher wages, we _ respect for our rights.requirebegrequestdemanded5、command n. & vt. n. & vt.命令；指令；掌握命令；指令；掌握根据语境猜词义根据语境猜词义(1)The fire officer took command of the whole situation, ordering everyone to leave th

11、e fire. (2)He has studied in the USA and has a good command of spoken English. (3)Kathleen walked in, tall, slim, confident and in total command of herself. (4)The commander commanded that everyone die rather than give in.(5) The boss commands his crew to take safety measures while working.控制；掌握控制；掌

12、握对对精通精通,了解了解神态自若的神态自若的command that (should do)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事命令某人做某事under sbs command 在在的指挥下的指挥下be in command of sth. 控制控制 （状态）（状态） take command of 控制控制,掌控掌控,指挥指挥have a good command of 掌握；精通掌握；精通be in command of oneself 神态自若的神态自若的command sb. to do sth. 短语command that sb. (should) do s

13、th.命令某人做某事命令某人做某事（动作）（动作）像像command一样，其后的名词性从句的谓语用一样，其后的名词性从句的谓语用“(should)动词原形动词原形”的常用词有：的常用词有：一一 “坚持坚持 (insist)”；二二 “命令命令 (order, command)”；四四 “建议建议 (suggest, advise, propose, recommend)”；四个四个“要求要求 (demand, desire，require, request)”。6、recognize vt.认出，识别；承认；认清，意识到认出，识别；承认；认清，意识到根据语境猜词义根据语境猜词义(1) I re

14、cognized him as soon as he came in the room. (2) Can you recognize this tune? (3) They recognized they need to take the problem seriously. (4) He is recognized as the best teacher because of his broad knowledge. 认出认出听出听出;识别识别承认承认公认为公认为recognition n. 认可认可recognize sth./sb. 认出某物认出某物/人人recognize that 句

15、子句子 承认承认It is recognized that 从句从句 被公认为被公认为.recognizeto be/as 公认公认/承认承认是是(1)我们必须我们必须承认承认我们被击败了。我们被击败了。 We must recognize that we have been defeated.(2)我一看到他就我一看到他就认出认出他来了。他来了。 I recognized him the moment I saw him.7.direction n. 方向；指导；方向；指导；(常用复数常用复数)指示指示;说明书说明书 As we fired at the enemys position，th

16、ey fled in all directions. 当我们向敌军阵地开火时，他们四处逃窜当我们向敌军阵地开火时，他们四处逃窜。 搭配搭配 (1) in one direction 朝某一方向朝某一方向 in all directions 朝四面八方朝四面八方 under the direction of sb. Under ones direction 在某人指导下在某人指导下 in/from the direction of 朝着朝着/来自来自方向方向follow/obey/listen to ones direction 听从某人指导听从某人指导 according to the dir

17、ections 根据指示根据指示,说明说明(pl)在某人指导，监督下在某人指导，监督下完成句子完成句子(1)She _(问了方向问了方向) and then tells her friends.(2)Tom went off _(朝着一个朝着一个方向方向) and Harry in another.(3)He did the work _.(在我在我的指导下的指导下)asks direction in one direction under my direction 8include vt. 包括，包含包括，包含 My plan includes most of your suggestion

18、s. 这项计划包括了你的大部分建议。这项计划包括了你的大部分建议。 The expenses are included in the account. 费用包括在账内。费用包括在账内。 辨析辨析 contain/include/cover/holdContain “包含，含有，装着包含，含有，装着”，通常指在一个整体中通常指在一个整体中所包含的全部内容，或在一个容器中容纳的全部东西，所包含的全部内容，或在一个容器中容纳的全部东西，强调包含的整体内容。强调包含的整体内容。Include “包含，包括包含，包括”，指在一个整体中包括了其中指在一个整体中包括了其中一部分内容、项目等，强调包含部分。常

19、用的两种表一部分内容、项目等，强调包含部分。常用的两种表达方式：达方式：including sb./sth.sb./sth. included。Cover “包括；设计，处理；适用于；包括；设计，处理；适用于；(钱钱)够够之用，之用，足以支付足以支付”。 hold 则表示则表示能盛，能容纳。能盛，能容纳。选词填空选词填空contain/include/cover/hold(1)We all went，_ Mary.We all went，Mary _.(2)Will $200 _ the cost of the damage?Im afraid not. I need at least 100

20、 more.(3)He was worried，because he lost his bag _ his passport，ID card and a lot of money.(4)How much water does the bowl _？ including included cover containinghold 用用because/because of填空填空(1) The light went out，_ the oil was out.(2)Weve made such great progress _ your help.because because of 2. bec

21、ause of 因为因为 (后接名词后接名词,代词代词,名词性从句名词性从句) It is so difficult to talk to him because of his hot temper. 他脾气火暴，很难跟他沟通他脾气火暴，很难跟他沟通。because of 因为。因为。后面跟后面跟n./pron.作状语。作状语。because 后面跟从句，作原因状语。后面跟从句，作原因状语。联想联想 due ton./pron. 由于由于；作表语或状语；作表语或状语 thanks ton./pron. 多亏，由于多亏，由于;作表语或状语作表语或状语 owing ton./pron. 由于由于；

22、作表语或状语；作表语或状语 as a result of 因为因为的结果的结果；作状语；作状语 on account of 因为因为；作状语；作状语 result from vt. 因为因为 3. come up 走近；走近；(被被)提出；发生，出现提出；发生，出现;上升；上来；上升；上来；(从乡下从乡下)上上(城市城市)；(种子等种子等)长长出地面出地面,发芽发芽 The results did not come up to expectations. 结果并不是很理想。结果并不是很理想。 The sun has come up. 太阳升上来了。太阳升上来了。 The farmers wil

23、l come up to Beijing. 那些农民要上北京。那些农民要上北京。 come up with (人人)找到或提出找到或提出(答案，办法等答案，办法等) come about 发生发生 come up to 来到来到,走近走近; 达到（达到（要求，标准，期望要求，标准，期望） come back 回来回来 come across (偶然偶然)碰到，遇见碰到，遇见 come on 加油；出现；出场；开始加油；出现；出场；开始 come out (照片上照片上)显露；结果是；显露；结果是；(书等书等)出版发行出版发行 come around 苏醒苏醒; 造访造访（to sp.) com

24、e through 安然渡过；经历脱险安然渡过；经历脱险 come to 共计；共计； 来到（来到（to sp. ); 苏醒苏醒 come true 实现实现用用come的有关短语填空的有关短语填空(1)Would you my flat for a visit?(2)The question _ at the meeting whether we had enough money.(3)She a new idea for increasing sales.(4)We should think of the problems that may _ in the future.(5) Can

25、you tell me how the accident ？(6)His wish to be an actor _.(7)His new book _next month.(8) All his income _ $4000 a month.(9) When it _ English, he is the best in our e up to came up came up with come up came about came true/has come truewill come out comes tocomes to 4. make use of 利用，使用利用，使用 We sh

26、ould make good use of this beautiful and precious time of youth. 青春年华有限，我们需充分利用好这段美好的时光青春年华有限，我们需充分利用好这段美好的时光。 (1) Our factory is making increasing use of robots.(2) We must make good use of our limited time and money .(3) Human beings，especially the Chinese，should make full use of their natural resources.(4) She began to consider what use could be made of it . 5. play a part in 扮演一个角色；参与扮演一个角色；参与 Exercise plays a major part in preventing disease. 锻炼对于预防疾病有重要作用。锻炼对于预防疾病有重要作用。 play the part/role of 扮演扮演的角色的角色play a key role/part起关键作用起关键作用plays an important role/ part有重要作用有重要作用e.g. Not eve