初中英语各种时态的讲解及练习

1、初中英语各种时态的讲解及练习一关于时态。时态其实是指的两个概念:其一是指时间,其二是指:在不同的时间条件下动词的形式。时间上英语主要分为三段:过去时间,现在时间和将来时间。动词的形式有五种,情态动词除外。(原型do、三单does、现在分词doing、过去式did、过去分词done。其实时态主要就是在考察动词。因此同学们一定要有这个意识:只要一说起时态我们就要去关注谓语动词怎么变化(用什么样的形式二、初中阶段主要要掌握以下8种时态:1.现在类的时态1.一般现在时态:时态(了解3 将来类的时态: 一般将来时态三.中学阶段各种时态的定义:1. 一般现在时态:表示经常性、习惯性的动作或表达主语现在的情

2、况、状态。2. 一般过去时态:表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。3. 一般将来时态:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。4. 现在进行时态:表示现在(说话时刻正在发生或进行的动作或事情。(注意:现在进行时态可以表是将来特别是在谓语动词是一些具有位置移动性的动词的时候如:go come leave move fly 5. 过去进行时态:表示过去某一时刻时点正在进行的动作。/表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调现在的情况6. 现在完成时态:表示过去已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态(谓语动词要用延续性动词7.过去完成时态:表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作

3、发生在过去的过去。8.现在完成进行时态:表示从过去某时开始一直延续到说话时还在进行,或可能还要继续下去的动作。四.初中阶段各时态的句型:1.一般现在时态:(1be动词时用(am is are(2其他实意动词:S(主语非三单+ do (原型S(主语三单+ does (三单2.一般过去时态:(1be动词时用(waswere(2 其他实意动词:把原形动词变为过去式(do-变-did3.一般将来时态:句型一:be(am is are+ going to + do (原型句型二:shall(一人称用will + do (原型4.现在进行时态:be(am is are+doing(动词+ing注意:现在进

4、行时态的特殊用法可以表将来,特别是在谓语动词是一些具有位置移动性的动词的时候如:go come leave move fly 5.过去进行时态:waswere + doing(动词+ing6.现在完成时态:havehas +done(动词的过去分词7.过去完成时态:had + done(动词的过去分词 8.现在完成进行时态:havehas+ been + doing(动词+ing8.现在完成进行时态:havehas+ been + doing(动词+ing五、八种初中常考时态的时间标志词汇归纳1.一般现在时态常用的时间标志词:often、usually、always、sometimes、eve

5、ry hourdayweekmonthyear、in the morning (afternoon on Sundaysweekends, once a week, twice a day, three times a year2.一般过去时态常用的时间标志词:yesterday,the day before yesterday,yesterday morningafternoonevening. last week、last month , last year ,last night= yesterday evening 一段时间+ ago、, three days ago,an hour

6、ago ,two weeks ago ,ten years ago. in 199020012010 just now; a (short while ago; a moment ago 刚才in the past以往;在过去once upon a time=long long ago 很久很久以前3.一般将来时态常用的时间标志词:tomorrow、the day after tomorrow , tomorrow morningafternoonevening. next weekmonthyear , next term this monthyear、in +一段时间, in three

7、days , in ten years at once; right now; right away, immediately , in a minute moment ,in no time 立刻,马上in the future4现在进行时态常用的时间标志词:Now= at present; at the moment 现在、目前、此刻at this moment/time Look! Listen! Its six. oclock5.过去进行时态常用的时间标志词:at six yesterday morning . at 11:00 last night from 7 to 9 yeste

8、rday morning 、at this time yesterday、at that time、也可用在when和while引导的从句。请记住下面的例句:如:What was he doing when the UFO landed. The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed. While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed. 3 The girl was shopping when the alien got out. While the girl w

9、as shopping , the alien got out. We were watching TV while our mother was cooking (强调前后两个动作同时进行。6.现在完成时态常用的时间标志词:1.already (“已经”用于肯定句的中间和末尾处never (“从不”用于中间处 ever (“曾经”用于疑问句和肯定句的中间处just (“刚刚”用于中间处 yet (“已经”用于疑问句的末尾处/ “还”用于否定句的末尾处 so far=till now= up to now迄今为止、到目前为止recently=lately 最近,近来recent years 近

10、年些来before 以前例子:I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。(“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作,对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”2.表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作,将来还可能继续下去。标志:for (后加一段时间,如:for three days , since /+过去时间+一般过去时态的从句如:since 1998,since she left here I have stayed in that country since 1995. They have lived in that house since two years ago. I ha

11、ve loved her since I met her last time. Lily has stayed at home since she left school. in the past+一段时间。在过去的(一段时间里in the last+一段时间。在最近的(一段时间里in the past few years 在过去的几年当中里,in the last few years 在最近的几年当中里in the past few weeks in the last five days3.现在完成时态常考的几个句型(记忆:(1havehas been to s.w.(曾经去过某地Tom h

12、as been to Beijing.(2havehas gone to s.w.去某地了They have gone to the zoo.(3havehas been in s.w.(呆在某地Our family have been in New York City for ten years. (4It is the first / second time. that结构中的从句部分用现在完成时。例如: It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次访问这城市。This is the first time (thatI&

13、#39;ve heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。但是注意:It was the third time that the boy had been late.(5This is +the 形容词最高级+that结构,that 从句要用现在完成时。例如:This is the best film that I've (everseen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。(6 Its / It has been + 一段时间+ since + 一般过去态的时间状语从句”“自从以来, 已经(时间了”。如Its / has been three months since he mov

14、ed to this city.(注意从句的谓语动词须是终止性动词。7.过去完成时态的时间标志词:(过去完成时的重点在于表达“过去的过去”,是一种相对的时态,是以某个过去的事为参照对象,强调的是比它还要早发生。理解了这一点,就比较容易很好地掌握和运用这个时态。By the time+一般过去时态的从句。在.之前,到.为止。例句: 4 By the time I got outside , the bus had already left . By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. by t

15、he end of +过去时间。在.之前,到.为止。by the end of last year(term, month before+过去时间或一般过去时态的从句。在以前。I had never come here before yesterday . David had gone to bed before his father got home . When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.六.做好时态题的三个方法(思维过程。1.根据句子中的时态标志词,来判断时态。如:He (jointhe League two years a

16、go.We (visit the Great Wall next Sunday.The shop _(close at this time of day.I_ never _(eat such delicious noodles before.Look!Someone _(lie on the floor.By the time I (be five , I (start learing English .My teacher often _(tell us not to play on the street.I _(be fifteen soon.“_the bridge _(repair

17、yet?”“Yes, the wor kers_ already_(repair it.”If it _(not rain tomorrow, we _(go fishing.2.根据前面或后面句子的时态来判断时态。如:When I got to school, Amy (read English book aloud .She said that she (finish his homework.He told that he (learnsome English before.The teacher said that the earth _(move round the sun.She

18、said she _(put on a new coat the next day.Lucy said she _(visit the school the next month.Can you tell me if it _(snow tomorrow?I found that the students _(play football on the playground.We _(have lunch when suddenly someone knocked at the door. I felt much better after I _(take the medicine.Where is Tom? He _(go to the post office.He said he _(come back soon.3.根据时态的定义来判断时态。What language _(speak in Australia?I _(lost my bike._you _(see it anywhere?Light _(travel much