大学英语四级图表作文写作（课堂PPT）

1、1大学英语四级图表作文大学英语四级图表作文2l1、图形种类及概述法：l 泛指一份数据图表:a data graph/chart /diagram/ illustration/tablel饼图：pie chart 表格图：tablel直方图或柱形图：bar chart / histograml趋势曲线图：line chart / curve diagraml流程图或过程图：flow chart / sequence diagraml程序图：processing/procedures diagram3l图表题（图表题（table, bar graph, pie chart, line graph）

2、l图表题的写作逻辑结构：图表题的写作逻辑结构：Part 1: Change / percentage /proportionPart 2: Reasons or implicationsPart 3: Conclusion (effects; implications)4l图表题（图表题（table, bar graph, pie chart, line graph）l图表题的写作逻辑结构：图表题的写作逻辑结构：lParagraph I:（1）概括描述图表：趋势描写；l （2）具体描述图表：必要数据支持（细 节性）。lParagraph II(1)提出自己理由和观点（本段主题句);l （2）细

3、节性分论点（主要是原因，用于支 持自己的观点，至少两点）。lParagraph III:（1）预测未来和提出解决方法；l （2）总结全文和表达作者自己观点5l二、相关常用词组l1、主章开头l图表类型：table、chart、diagram、 graph、column chart、pie graphl描述：show、describe、illustrate、can be seen from、clear、reveal、represent、presentl内容：figure、statistic、number、percentage、proportion6l2、常用的描述用法lThe table/char

4、t diagram/graph shows （that）lAccording to the table/chart diagram/graphlAs （is） shown in the table/chart diagram/ graph, lAs can be seen from the table/chart/ diagram/ graph/ figures，lIt can be seen from the figures/statistics (that)lWe can see from the figures/statisticslIt is clear/apparent from t

5、he figures/statistics7l不管是graph还是table，都需要进行描述，一般放在文章的第一部分，长度宜适中。描述数据我们要首先看看是几个变量（A），每个变量有几个数据（B），不妨以A*B表示。l如果只有一个变量，有三个数据，可以描述如下：lFrom the chart we can see clearly that the average number of hours a student spends on Internet per week has increased from less than two hours in 1990 to nearly six hou

6、rs in 1995, and then to nearly 20 hours in 2000. 8l2、图表中的数据（Data）具体表达法数据（Data）在某一个时间段固定不变：fixed in timel在一系列的时间段中转变：changes over timel持续变化的data在不同情况下：l增加：increase / grow / rise / go up l减少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall l波动： rebound / wave / fluctuate l稳定：remain stable / stabilize / level off 9l

7、3、表示数据变化的单词或者词组lrapid/rapidly迅速的，飞快的，险峻的ldramatic/dramatically戏剧性的，生动的lsignificant/significantly有意义的,重大的，重要的lsharp/sharply锐利的，明显的，急剧的lsteep/steeply急剧升降的lsteady/steadily稳固的，坚定不移的lgradual/gradually渐进的，逐渐的lslow/slowly缓慢的，不活跃的lslight/slightly轻微的、略微地lstable/stably稳定的10l4、其它在描述中的常用到的词lsignificant changes图

8、中一些较大变化lnoticeable trend明显趋势lduring the same period在同一时期lunequally不相等地lin the case of adv.在的情况下lin terms of / in respect of / regarding在方面lin contrast相反，大不相同11主体段介绍数据或数据变化趋势的常用词详主体段介绍数据或数据变化趋势的常用词详解（每组背三个足够解（每组背三个足够 ）表示上升的动词：Ascend (ascended)/ go up (went up)/grow (grew)/increase (increased)/rise (r

9、ose)increase和rise也可以做名词。急剧上升的动词：jump (jumped)/shoot up (shot up)/soar (soared)/surge (soaredsurge可以做名词。12表示下降的动词：decline / decrease / descend / dip / drop / fall / go down / sink,decrease/drop可以作名词表示急剧下降的动词：plummet / plunge / 表示速度快的形容词、副词(加ly)dramatic / drastic / precipitous / rapid / sharp / steepd

10、ramatically / drastically / precipitously / rapidly / sharply / steeply13表示幅度大的形容词，副词(加ly)：marked / substantial / significantmarkedly / substantially / significantly表示缓慢，逐渐的形容词，副词(加ly)gentle / gradual / slow / steadygently / gradually / slowly / steadily表示小幅度的形容词，副词(加ly)modest / moderate / slightmod

11、estly / moderately / slightly14表示波动的动词：fluctuateFluctuation 表示在一个水平上稳定的动词：level off /level out/hover/stabilize/reached a plateau 都是不及物动词，动词短语一般加atShare values have levelled off after yesterdays steep rise. House prices now seem to be levelling off after the steep rises of the last few years. The ris

12、e in the unemployment figures should level out soon.15表示最高点的动词：peak at/reach the highest point atpeak可以做名词表示最低点的动词：reach the bottom at/the lowest point at/bottom out atbottom也可以做名词表示经历了某种变化的及物动词：experience / see / witnessexperienced / saw / witnessed16表示达到多少数量的及物动词或词组：amount to / arrive at / hit / r

13、each / register / stand at表示占.(后面加百分比或数字)的及物动词或词组：account for / constitute / represent / make up表示数据由某几部分组成的及物动词或者词组：A is composed of / comprises / consists of / is made up of.B, C and D.表示大约的副词或短语：about / approximately / around / just over / just under / roughl表示分别地，各自地的副词：respectively17l写图表作文时，要注意

14、遵循以下步骤：1）认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系；2）确定文章的主题思想，构思出文章的基本框架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据；3）编列文章的提纲；4）根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段之间的衔接与过渡；5）检查与修改。18l图表作文的篇章结构写图表作文时，常采用三段式的谋篇方式。文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。这一结构可以简单地表述为：第一段：概述图表反映的主题思想第二段：分析产生的原因

15、第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议19202122232425262728293031323334353637（四）图表作文基本模式 (a) 段落一：According to the figures given in the diagram/picture/pie chart, we can see that _ is increasing in the past_, while _ is decreasing. (从整体上对事物发展的趋势作概括) 段落二：Possible reasons for this are as follows. (问题产生的原因) On the one hand, _

16、. (原因一) On the other hand, _. (原因二) Furthermore, _. (原因三) l段落三： From what has been analyzed, we can draw a conclusion that _. (得出结论) As a matter of fact, with the improvements in _, the trend will go on in the future. (提出改进的方法或措施) Therefore, _. (最后再强调观点)38l(b) l段落一：The chart gives us an overall pict

17、ure of the _(图表主题). The first thing we notice is that_(图表最大特点). This means that as _, _(进一步说明). l段落二：We can see from the statistics given that _(图表细节一). After v-ing_(细节一中的第一个变化), the _V-ed+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化). The figures also tells us that_(图表细节二). (数据位置，如In the second column), we can see that _accounts

18、for _(进一步描述). l段落三：Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that_(结论). The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that_(给出原因). / It is high time that (发出倡议) 39Directions: For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Student Use of Computers. Yo

19、u should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below Average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week1. 上图所示为上图所示为1990年、年、1995年、年、2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化；其变化；2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用

20、途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）说明）3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。40Model CompositionlGreat changes have taken place in student use of computers in the university. The hours the student spent on computers per week skyrocketed from about 2 in 1990 to 20 in 2000, more than 9 times higher. This ra

21、pid increase proves that students were in closer contact with computers.41l To account for this phenomenon, people have come up with various reasons as listed below. In the first place, with the drop in prices of computers, more students could afford computers, therefore they could spend much more t

22、ime with computers. In the second place, the computers were applied to wider and wider use and students had to take advantage of this modern invention. Last but not the least important, the development of society pushed computers into more dormitories.42 Whatever the reason, there are still some pro

23、blems with student use of computers. To begin with, many students still have no computers of their own. Whats more, many students use computers only to play e-games and browse porn websites, which causes harm to their mind.（172 words）43试题一范文试题一范文lJobs College Graduates Want to DolThe chart has clearly revealed the differences between female and male students in their job preferences and choices after graduation.44试题一范文试题一范文lThe most desired jobs for boys, according to priority, are managers, businessmen and lawyers. Girls also like to pursue these professions, but the percentage dro