Oracle常用数据字典与动态性能视图

1、Oracle常用数据字典表查看当前用户的缺省表空间SQL>select username,default_tablespace from user_users;查看当前用户的角色SQL>select * from user_role_privs;查看当前用户的系统权限和表级权限SQL>select * from user_sys_privs;SQL>select * from user_tab_privs;查看用户下所有的表SQL>select * from user_tables;查看用户下所有的表的列属性SQL>select * from USER_TA

2、B_COLUMNS where table_name=:table_Name;显示用户信息(所属表空间select default_tablespace,temporary_tablespacefrom dba_users where username='GAME'1、用户查看当前用户的缺省表空间SQL>select username,default_tablespace from user_users;查看当前用户的角色SQL>select * from user_role_privs;查看当前用户的系统权限和表级权限SQL>select * from us

3、er_sys_privs;SQL>select * from user_tab_privs;显示当前会话所具有的权限SQL>select * from session_privs;显示指定用户所具有的系统权限SQL>select * from dba_sys_privs where grantee='GAME'显示特权用户select * from v$pwfile_users;显示用户信息(所属表空间select default_tablespace,temporary_tablespacefrom dba_users where username='

4、;GAME'显示用户的PROFILEselect profile from dba_users where username='GAME'2、表查看用户下所有的表SQL>select * from user_tables;查看名称包含log字符的表SQL>select object_name,object_id from user_objectswhere instr(object_name,'LOG'>0;查看某表的创建时间SQL>select object_name,created from user_objects wher

5、e object_name=upper('&table_name'查看某表的大小SQL>select sum(bytes/(1024*1024 as "size(M" from user_segmentswhere segment_name=upper('&table_name'查看放在Oracle的内存区里的表SQL>select table_name,cache from user_tables where instr(cache,'Y'>0;3、索引查看索引个数和类别SQL>sel

6、ect index_name,index_type,table_name from user_indexes order by table_name;查看索引被索引的字段SQL>select * from user_ind_columns where index_name=upper('&index_name'查看索引的大小SQL>select sum(bytes/(1024*1024 as "size(M" from user_segmentswhere segment_name=upper('&index_name&#

7、39;4、序列号查看序列号,last_number是当前值SQL>select * from user_sequences;5、视图查看视图的名称SQL>select view_name from user_views;查看创建视图的select语句SQL>set view_name,text_length from user_views;SQL>set long 2000; 说明:可以根据视图的text_length值设定set long 的大小SQL>select text from user_views where view_name=upper('

8、&view_name'6、同义词查看同义词的名称SQL>select * from user_synonyms;7、约束条件查看某表的约束条件SQL>select constraint_name, constraint_type,search_condition, r_constraint_namefrom user_constraints where table_name = upper('&table_name'SQL>select c.constraint_name,c.constraint_type,cc.column_name

9、from user_constraints c,user_cons_columns ccwhere c.owner = upper('&table_owner' and c.table_name = upper('&table_name' and c.owner = cc.owner and c.constraint_name = cc.constraint_nameorder by cc.position;8、存储函数和过程查看函数和过程的状态SQL>select object_name,status from user_objects

10、where object_type='FUNCTION'SQL>select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type='PROCEDURE'查看函数和过程的源代码SQL>select text from all_source where owner=user and name=upper('&plsql_name' 常用的数据字典:dba_data_files:通常用来查询关于数据库文件的信息dba_db_links:包括数据库中的所有数据库链路,也就是da

11、tabaselinks。dba_extents:数据库中所有分区的信息dba_free_space:所有表空间中的自由分区dba_indexs:关于数据库中所有索引的描述dba_ind_columns:在所有表及聚集上压缩索引的列dba_objects:数据库中所有的对象dba_rollback_segs:回滚段的描述dba_segments:所有数据库段分段的存储空间dba_synonyms:关于同义词的信息查询dba_tables:数据库中所有数据表的描述dba_tabespaces:关于表空间的信息dba_tab_columns:所有表描述、视图以及聚集的列dba_tab_grants/

12、privs:对象所授予的权限dba_ts_quotas:所有用户表空间限额dba_users:关于数据的所有用户的信息dba_views:数据库中所有视图的文本常用的动态性能视图:v$datafile:数据库使用的数据文件信息v$librarycache:共享池中SQL语句的管理信息v$lock:通过访问数据库会话,设置对象锁的所有信息v$log:从控制文件中提取有关重做日志组的信息v$logfile有关实例重置日志组文件名及其位置的信息v$parameter:初始化参数文件中所有项的值v$process:当前进程的信息v$rollname:回滚段信息v$rollstat:联机回滚段统计信息v

13、$rowcache:内存中数据字典活动/性能信息v$session:有关会话的信息v$sesstat:在v$session中报告当前会话的统计信息v$sqlarea:共享池中使用当前光标的统计信息,光标是一块内存区域,有Oracle处理SQL语句时打开。v$statname:在v$sesstat中报告各个统计的含义v$sysstat:基于当前操作会话进行的系统统计v$waitstat:出现一个以上会话访问数据库的数据时的详细情况。当有一个以上的会话访问同一信息时,可出现等待情况。总结了一下这些,彻底区别了视图与数据字典,也不那么容易混淆。嘿嘿!常用SQL查询:1、查看表空间的名称及大小sele

14、ct t.tablespace_name, round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024,0 ts_sizefrom dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files dwhere t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_namegroup by t.tablespace_name;2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name,round(bytes/(1024*1024,0 total_spacefrom dba_data_filesorder by tablespa

15、ce_name;3、查看回滚段名称及大小select segment_name, tablespace_name, r.status,(initial_extent/1024 InitialExtent,(next_extent/1024 NextExtent,max_extents, v.curext CurExtentFrom dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat vWhere r.segment_id = v.usn(+order by segment_name;4、查看控制文件select name from v$controlfile;5、查看日志文件sel

16、ect member from v$logfile;6、查看表空间的使用情况select sum(bytes/(1024*1024 as free_space,tablespace_namefrom dba_free_spacegroup by tablespace_name;SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE,(B.BYTES*100/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100/A.BYTES "% FREE"FROM SYS.SM$TS_A

17、VAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE CWHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;7、查看数据库库对象select owner, object_type, status, count(* count# from all_objects group by owner, object_type, status;8、查看数据库的版本Select version FROM Product_component_versionWhere SUBS

18、TR(PRODUCT,1,6='Oracle'9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式Select Created, Log_Mode, Log_Mode From V$Database;10、捕捉运行很久的SQLcolumn username format a12column opname format a16column progress format a8select username,sid,opname,round(sofar*100 / totalwork,0 | '%' as progress,time_remaining,sql_textfrom v$

19、session_longops , v$sqlwhere time_remaining <> 0and sql_address = addressand sql_hash_value = hash_value11。查看数据表的参数信息SELECT partition_name, high_value, high_value_length, tablespace_name, pct_free, pct_used, ini_trans, max_trans, initial_extent,next_extent, min_extent, max_extent, pct_increase

20、, FREELISTS,freelist_groups, LOGGING, BUFFER_POOL, num_rows, blocks,empty_blocks, avg_space, chain_cnt, avg_row_len, sample_size,last_analyzedFROM dba_tab_partitions-WHERE table_name = :tname AND table_owner = :townerORDER BY partition_position12.查看还没提交的事务select * from v$locked_object;select * from

21、v$transaction;13。查找object为哪些进程所用selectp.spid,s.sid,s.serial# serial_num,s.username user_name,a.type object_type,s.osuser os_user_name,a.owner,a.object object_name,decode(sign(48 - command,1,to_char(command, 'Action Code #' | to_char(command action,gram oracle_process,s.terminal terminal

22、,gram program,s.status session_statusfrom v$session s, v$access a, v$process pwhere s.paddr = p.addr ands.type = 'USER' anda.sid = s.sid anda.object='SUBSCRIBER_ATTR'order by s.username, s.osuser14。回滚段查看Extents, v$rollstat.rssize Size_in_Bytes, v$rollstat.xacts XActs,v$rollstat.

23、gets Gets, v$rollstat.waits Waits, v$rollstat.writes Writes,v$rollstat.usn (+ = v$rollname.usn order by rownum15。耗资源的进程(top sessionselect s.schemaname schema_name, decode(sign(48 - command, 1,to_char(command, 'Action Code #' | to_char(command action, statussession_status, s.osuser os_user_na

24、me, s.sid, p.spid , s.serial# serial_num,nvl(s.username, 'Oracle process' user_name, s.terminal terminal,gram program, st.value criteria_value from v$sesstat st, v$session s ,v$process pwhere st.sid = s.sid and st.statistic# = to_number('38' and ('ALL' = 'ALL'or

25、s.status = 'ALL' and p.addr = s.paddr order by st.value desc, p.spid asc,s.username asc, s.osuser asc16。查看锁(lock情况select /*+ RULE */ ls.osuser os_user_name, ls.username user_name,decode(ls.type, 'RW', 'Row wait enqueue lock', 'TM', 'DML enqueue lock', 'TX&

26、#39;,'Transaction enqueue lock', 'UL', 'User supplied lock' lock_type,o.object_name object, decode(ls.lmode, 1, null, 2, 'Row Share', 3,'Row Exclusive', 4, 'Share', 5, 'Share Row Exclusive', 6, 'Exclusive', nulllock_mode, o.owner, ls.si

27、d, ls.serial# serial_num, ls.id1, ls.id2from sys.dba_objects o, ( select s.osuser, s.username, l.type,l.lmode, s.sid, s.serial#, l.id1, l.id2 from v$session s,v$lock l where s.sid = l.sid ls where o.object_id = ls.id1 and o.owner<> 'SYS' order by o.owner, o.object_name17。查看等待(wait情况SEL

28、ECT v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count count, SUM(v$sysstat.value sum_valueFROM v$waitstat, v$sysstat WHERE v$ IN ('db block gets','consistent gets' group by v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count18。查看sga情况SELECT NAME, BYTES FROM SYS.V_$SGASTAT ORDER BY NAME ASC19。查看catched o

29、bjectSELECT owner, name, db_link, namespace,type, sharable_mem, loads, executions,locks, pins, kept FROMv$db_object_cache20。查看V$SQLAREASELECT SQL_TEXT, SHARABLE_MEM, PERSISTENT_MEM, RUNTIME_MEM, SORTS,VERSION_COUNT, LOADED_VERSIONS, OPEN_VERSIONS, USERS_OPENING, EXECUTIONS,USERS_EXECUTING, LOADS, FI

30、RST_LOAD_TIME, INVALIDATIONS, PARSE_CALLS, DISK_READS,BUFFER_GETS, ROWS_PROCESSED FROM V$SQLAREA21。查看object分类数量select decode (o.type#,1,'INDEX' , 2,'TABLE' , 3 , 'CLUSTER' , 4, 'VIEW' , 5 ,'SYNONYM' , 6 , 'SEQUENCE' , 'OTHER' object_type , coun

31、t(* quantity fromsys.obj$ o where o.type# > 1 group by decode (o.type#,1,'INDEX' , 2,'TABLE' , 3, 'CLUSTER' , 4, 'VIEW' , 5 , 'SYNONYM' , 6 , 'SEQUENCE' , 'OTHER' union select'COLUMN' , count(* from sys.col$ union select 'DB LINK

32、' , count(* from22。按用户查看object种类select schema, sum(decode(o.type#, 1, 1, NULL indexes,sum(decode(o.type#, 2, 1, NULL tables, sum(decode(o.type#, 3, 1, NULLclusters, sum(decode(o.type#, 4, 1, NULL views, sum(decode(o.type#, 5, 1,NULL synonyms, sum(decode(o.type#, 6, 1, NULL sequences,sum(d

33、ecode(o.type#, 1, NULL, 2, NULL, 3, NULL, 4, NULL, 5, NULL, 6, NULL, 1others from sys.obj$ o, sys.user$ u where o.type# >= 1 and u.user# =o.owner# and <> 'PUBLIC' group by order bysys.link$ union select 'CONSTRAINT' , count(* from sys.con$23。有关connection的相关信息1查

34、看有哪些用户连接select s.osuser os_user_name, decode(sign(48 - command, 1, to_char(command, 'Action Code #' | to_char(command action, gram oracle_process, status session_status, s.terminal terminal, gram program,s.username user_name, s.fixed_table_sequence activity_meter, '' query,

35、 0 memory, 0 max_memory, 0 cpu_usage, s.sid, s.serial# serial_num from v$session s, v$process p where s.paddr=p.addr and s.type = 'USER' order by s.username, s.osuser2根据v.sid查看对应连接的资源占用等情况select ,v.value,n.class,n.statistic#from v$statname n,v$sesstat vwhere v.sid = 71 andv.statistic#

36、= n.statistic#order by n.class, n.statistic#3根据sid查看对应连接正在运行的sqlselect /*+ PUSH_SUBQ */command_type,sql_text,sharable_mem,persistent_mem,runtime_mem,sorts,version_count,loaded_versions,open_versions,users_opening,executions,users_executing,loads,first_load_time,invalidations,parse_calls,disk_reads,b

37、uffer_gets,rows_processed,sysdate start_time,sysdate finish_time,'>' | address sql_address,'N' statusfrom v$sqlareawhere address = (select sql_address from v$session where sid = 712根据v.sid查看对应连接的资源占用等情况select ,v.value,n.class,n.statistic#from v$statname n,v$sesstat vwhere v.

38、sid = 71 andv.statistic# = n.statistic#order by n.class, n.statistic#3根据sid查看对应连接正在运行的sqlselect /*+ PUSH_SUBQ */command_type,sql_text,sharable_mem,persistent_mem,runtime_mem,sorts,version_count,loaded_versions,open_versions,users_opening,executions,users_executing,loads,first_load_time,invalidations

39、,parse_calls,disk_reads,buffer_gets,rows_processed,sysdate start_time,sysdate finish_time,'>' | address sql_address,'N' statusfrom v$sqlareawhere address = (select sql_address from v$session where sid = 7124查询表空间使用情况 select a.tablespace_name "表空间名称", 100-round(nvl(b.byte

40、s_free,0/a.bytes_alloc*100,2 "占用率(%", round(a.bytes_alloc/1024/1024,2 "容量(M", round(nvl(b.bytes_free,0/1024/1024,2 "空闲(M", round(a.bytes_alloc-nvl(b.bytes_free,0/1024/1024,2 "使用(M", Largest "最大扩展段(M", to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss' "采样时间" from (select f.tablespace_name, sum(f.bytes bytes