定语从句关系副词讲解及练习

1、定语从句中关系副词的用法 关系副词，顾名思义，是联系先行词和定语从句的词，属于副词。定语从句中的 关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和 原因状语。其句法结构如下：表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。例句： I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.I 'lnl ever forget the day when I joined the army.表地点的名词 + where + 定语从句where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。例句

2、： The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.This is the house where I lived two years ago.表原因的名词reason + why +定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中 ,在定语从句中作原因状语。)例句：That is the reason why I did the job.(在现代英语中 why可以省略) 上句也可以这样表示：That is the reason I did the job.又如： This was the reason (wh

3、y )we raised the temperature. 关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：1) “wher、“wherei” “why的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原 因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子：*I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.*I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao MiddleSchool.*This is the hosp

4、ital where my mother works.*This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday.*The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill.*This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office .2) “when” “where” “why”可以替换成 介词+ which ”介词的选用取就于 先行词和定语从句中的动词 。例如：Do you still rem

5、ember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which= when)This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where)Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Mary'sbirthday party. (for which=why)有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系， 尤其在非限制性定语从 句中，常使用介词+ which”结构，而不使用关系副词。例如：My mother work

6、s in a factory, in front of which there is a small river.At night the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmhou se.3) 关系副词“when”“where既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。例如： I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.He came to Shanghai in 1980, when he was only

7、 12.I don' tknow the exact spot where they will meet.Mr Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months. 有时关系副词“ wher”“ where引 I导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象，是为了平衡句子的语法需要。Do you remember ore afterroor ter years ago wher I came to your house a rd borrowed a diamord recklace?The days are gore

8、forever wher the Chirese people used “foreigroil. ”.4) “tha可活用为关系副词，相当于“whenwhere、why”和 介词+ which结构， 尤其在“thetime when"等结构中的“when常被“that代替，而且“that往往省略。 I may leave here ary time I wart to.During the time I was there I visited him twice.This is my second time I have come to your country.5) “which

9、有时可用作关系形容词，这是“which在非限制性定语从句中的特殊使 用，如：The doctor advised him to give up smoking, which advice he did not follow.定语从句专项练习1This is the place John was born?Awhich Bwhere C. when Dthat2. He is the only person I want to talk to.A. that B. which C. who D. whose3Is this problem the teacher explained last w

10、eek?A the one Bthat Cwhich Done4The high building stand four policemen is the police stationAwhich Bthat Cin front of it D. in front of which5My mother will give Mary a model plane she will like to playAwhich Bthat Cfor which Dwith which6The film brought the hours back to me I was taken good care of

11、 in that far away village.Auntil Bthat C whenDwhere7There are times I wonder why I do this jobAas Bwhile Cwhich Dwhen8After living in London for thirty years， Mr Smith returned to the small to wn he grew up as a child Awhich Bwhere C that Dwhen9They had a long talk about the persons and things they

12、both knewAwhom Bwhat C. that Dwhich10That is the very book I am looking for.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Das11Who is the scientist is going to give us a talk on space this Sunday?A that Bwho C. which Dwhom12 I don't like the way you speak to your teacherA B in that C. which Dof which13 Could you tell me w

13、hen to get the book I want to read?A what Bwho C Dit14 The days we spent in Tokyo together will never be forgotten.A. when Bwhich Cwho D on which15A pen friend of mine I often receive letters asked me for some Chinese coins.A who B whom Cto who Dfrom whom16. Don't forget the day you were admitte

14、d to Beijing University.A when Bthat Cat which D. where17Perhaps this is the only shop you can get such cheap goods.A. that Bof which C by which Dwhere18I can still remember the place my brother and I used to sit in the evening.A which Bwhat C .that D where19 is often the case, we have worked out th

15、e production plan.A. Which B. When C. What D. As20All is needed is a supply of oil.A. the thing B. what C. that D. which21 He was seriously ill when he was a child, made him lose his sight.A. as B. that C. which D. it22In the dark street, there wasn' ta single person he could turn for help.A. th

16、at B. to whom C. who D. from whom23 He told the same story I told.A. that B. which C. as D. it24 The best work is that Tom has done.A. it B. which C. when D. where25. The first thing we should do is to water the flowers in front of theroom.A. which B. as C. what D. that26. Any girls _ knew him were

17、teachers.A. where B. that C. they D. whom27. The house fell and hurt a woman and her dog _ were just passing by. A. which B. as C. that D. who28 That is the hotel we stayed last year.A. in that B. in which C. why D. at which29. This is the reason we made Mr Li headmaster of our school.A. where B. wh

18、en C. before D. why30. The student who does well in his lesson is the monitor _ is very modes t and studies hard.A. who B. that C. as D. which答案与简析：1B. 先行词是地点，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。2. A. 先行词被 the only, the very, the last 等修饰时，关系代词常用 that。3A. 缺少先行词，故选 A, 作宾语的关系代词省略。4. D 介词+关系代词引导定语从句。5D. play with 是一个固定结构，故选

19、 with which。6. C先行词为时间名词hours,在定语从句中作状语。7. D先行词为时间名词times，在定语从句中作状语。8. B 先行词为地点名词，在定语从句从中作状语。9. C.先行词包含人和物，关系代词只能用that。10. A. 先行词被 the very 修饰，关系代词只能用 that。11. A. Who 引导的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句关系代词只能用 that , 以免重 复。12. A. way为先行词时，关系代词用that或in which或不填。13. C.关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，指物，可以用that或which或不填。14. B. spent是及物动词，关系代词 which作其宾语。15. D. receive a letter from sb.收到某人的来信，先行词为人，故选 from whom。16. A.先行词为时间，在定语从句中作状语，表示何时进入北大。17. D.先行词为地点，在定语从句中作状语。18. D.先行词为地点，在定语从句中作状语。19. D. As 引导的定