2019年北京中考英语真题试卷及答案

1、2019年北京市中考英语考试逐题解析知识运用（共14分）一、单项填空（共 6分，每小题0.5分）从下面各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I can't wait to seeA. herB. him C. itD. them【正确答案】B【解题思路】 本题考查人称代词的宾格。根据题干中“Mr. Wang ”可知性别为男性。选 项A “她”；选项B “他”；选项C “它”；选项D “他们”。故正确答案案为选项Bo2. We planted some flowers the gard

2、en yesterday.A. onB. to C. inD. of【正确答案】C【解题思路】 本题考查方位介词。根据题干中"We plantedflowers_garden "可知花应该种在花园"里选项 A "在.上”；选项B “到去选项C "在里”；选项D".的”。故正确答案为选项Co3. - Excuse me, is this T-shirt?-It s 88 yuan.A. how muchB. howC. how longD. how old【正确答案】A【解题思路】本 题考查特殊疑问词。根据答句中 “It's 8

3、8 yuan. ”可知问句是在问价钱 选项A “多少钱”；选项B “多少”； 选项C “多长”；选项 D “多大（年龄）故正确答案为选项Ao4. - Lily, you finish the letter in ten minutes?-Yes, I can.A. must B. should C. need D. can【正确答案】D【解题思路】 本题考查情态动词。根据答句中“Yes, I can?可知问句是在问是否 “能够”在10分钟内完成信件。选项A “必须”；选项B “应该” C “需要”；选项 D “能够”。故正确答案为选项D。5. This cap is nice, it does

4、n't look good on me.A. forB.so C. butD. or【正确答案】C【解题思路】 本题考查连词。题干译为“这个帽子很好看，_它在我身上看起来 不太好。”选项A “对于，为了”选项B “所以”；选项C “但是”；选项 D “或者”。故正确 答案为选项Co6. Julie takes good care of the family dog. She isthan her brother.A. patientB. more patientC. most patientD. the most patient【正确答案】B【解题思路】 本题考查形容词比较级。根据题干

5、中的“than her brother",康格选比较 级。此题目中选项 A为形容词原级；选项B为形容词比较级；选项 C”为形容词最高级，但缺少定冠词“the ” ；选项D为形容词最高级。故正确答案为选项 Bo7. Sam with his friends every weekend.A. skatesB. js skatingC. has skatedD. was skating【正确答案】A【解题思路】本题考查时态。根据题干中的标志词"every weekend。可知该题应选择一般现在时态，再根据主语“Sam”可知动词应该用第三人称单数形式。选项A是一般现在时态的动词第三

6、人 称单数形式；选项B是现在进行时态；选项 C是现在完成时态；选项D是过去进行时态。故正确答案为选项 Ao8. ? Tom, what's your dad doing?-He my bike.A. repairsB. will repairC. has repairedd. is repairing4正确答案】D【解题思路】本题考查时态。根据题干中"what's your dad doing?”可知该题应选择现在进行时态。选项 A是一般现在时态的动词第三人称单数形式； 选项B是一般将来时态；选项C是现在完成时态；选项D是现在进行时态。故正 确答案为 选项D。9. O

7、ur school life a lot since 2017. We have more activities now.A.changesB. changedC. will changeD. has changed【正确答案】D 【解题思路】本 题考查时态。根据题干中的标志词Hsince2017 ;可知该题应选择现在完成时态。选项 A为一般现在时态;选项B为一般过去时态；选项 C为一源辑时态；选项D为现在完成时态。故正确答案为选项 D。10. If you want to visit the Palace Museum, Itickets for you tomorrow.B.bookedA

8、. will bookC. have bookedD. was booking【正确答案】A【解题思路】 本题考查时态。根据题干中的标志词“tomorrow 以及“ if,引导的条件状语从句可知，句意应为“如果你想要参观故宫，明天我将给你订两张票"，可知该题应选择一般将来日态。选项 A为一般将来时态；选项B为一般过去时态;选项C为现在完成时态；选项 D为过去进寸态。故正确答案 为选项Aoby my class last Monday.11. My advice on how to save paperA. acceptsB. acceptedC. was acceptedD. is

9、accepted【正确答案】C【解题思路】本题考查被 动语态。该题主语是“My advice ”译为“我的建议”，谓语动 词为“accept ”译为“接受”。“建议”不能主动发出“接受”的动作，只能“被接受”，是 动宾关系，确定该题考查被动 语态。被动语态基本结构为： 主狰+done ”，选项A和选项B不是被动语态结构，均排除；选项 C是一般过去时 态的被动语态结构；选项 D是一般现在 时态的被动语态 结构。根据题干中的时间标志词"last Monday 1'可知该 题应该选择一般过去时态。故正 确答案为选项C。12. - Did you notice in her offi

10、ce?-Yes. She was going over our writing.A. what was Miss Lin doing B. what Miss Lin was doingC. what does Miss Lin do D. what Miss Lin does【正确答案】B.【解题思路】本题考 查宾语从句。宾语从句需遵循“陈述语序” 原则，？因此排除选项A和选项Co选项B为过去进行时 态；选项D为一般现在时态。由题干中主句 uDid you notice "，可知该题应 选择一般过去时态，排除选项 D。故正确答案 为选项Bo二、完形填空（共 8分，每小题1分）阅读下

11、面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Run for Class PresidentTwo months ago, when our class election ( 选举)started, I decided to run for class president. I enjoyed speakingin public and got along well with people, so I felt it easy to win. But I was_(13) that people would feel bad forme if I lost

12、.I was busy preparing in the following week. My plan wasn't to make promises to do things I couldn't(14) butto show my class why I wanted to be president. I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could tu

13、rn to whenever they had a problem. Since I was(15) prepared, I felt that my chances of winning were strong.However, when I gave my speech on Election Day, the response (反应)wasn't what I had (16). Few peopleactually listened. When it was my opponent's (对手的)turn, everyone was screaming his nam

14、e. His speech wasshort, but all to the point. By then, I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer.It was obvious who would (17). For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home andcry, but I made it through.My(18) was right: I didn ' t win.The next day, peo

15、ple were still talking about the election. I just pretended (假装)not to hear. But later, thingsgot better. People (19) about the election and talked to me just as they did before.I don't regret putting time and energy into the election because I've learned that things aren't always goingt

16、he way I expect. And moments of failure like this build(20) since then I've learned to facedisappointment and grown stronger.13. A. boredB. afraidC. excitedD. hopeful【正确答案】B【解题思路】 本题考查形容词。本句译为“但是 如果我输了，我会 人们会觉得我很糟糕”。根据文章第一段倒数第二 句“我对赢感到并不费力”可以推断出，如果输我会感到负向情绪。选项 A译为“感到无聊的”；选项 B译为“害怕的”；选项C译为“感 到兴奋的

17、”；选项D译为“有希望的”。根据文章语境答案为选项Bo14. A. compare B. remember C. manage D. repeat【正确答案】C【解题思路】本题考查动词。本句译为"我的计划不是做出我根本不能 的承诺，而是向我的班级展示出 为什么我想当这 个班长”。选项 A场为，推较”；选项B译为“记得”；选项 C译为“设法，掌控，控制，管理”；选项 D译为“重复”。 根据文章语境判断。故正确答案为选项 Co15. A. fully B. quickly C. freshly D. physically【正确答案】A【解题思路】 本题考查副词。本句译为"因为我

18、一准备好了我感到我赢的机会 很大”。选项 A译为“完全地”；选项 B译为" 快速地”；选项 C译为“新鲜地”；选项 D译为，“身体上地”。结合前文作者“张贴海报” “花费三个小时写演讲稿”，以及“赢的机会很大”，可知作者“完全准备好了”。故正确答案为选项Ao16. A. feared B. faced C. mentioned D. pictured【正确答案】D【解题思路本题考查动词。本句译为“然而，当我 在选举日进行演讲时，（台下的）反 应并不是我所 %选项A译为“害怕”；选项 B译为“面对”；选项 C译为“提到”；选项D译为“在脑中描绘，想象”。结合前文作者“觉得自己会赢得选举

19、”，以友后文“几乎没有人真地在听”，先后形成对比，可知“（台下的）反应并不是我所想象的那样”。故正确答案为选项D。17. A. insistB. returnC. waitD. win【正确答案】D【解题思路】 本题考查动词。本句译为“谁会 是很明显的"。选项 A译为“坚持”；选项B译为“归还，返回”；选项C译为“等待”；选项 D译为“赢，胜利”。文章主题为“班长选举”，此处作者在预测选举的结果，也是卮 win ”中 动词win的复现。故正确答案为选项 D。18. A. suggestion B. prediction C. direction D. introduction【确答案

20、】B【解题思路】 本题考查名词。本句译为“我的 是正确的“我没有赢"。选项 A译为“建议”；选项B译为“预测”；选“我感觉结束了，我只想回家哭泣”，可知此时作者已经知道自己选项C译为“方向”；选项D译为“介绍”。前文提到不上了。故正确答案列选项Bo19. A. forgot B. wrote C. cared D. discussed【正确答案】A【解题思路】 本题考查动词。本句译为“人们这个选举，仍然像之前那样和我聊天，选项A译为“忘记”；选项 B译为“书写”；选项C译为“关心”；选项 D译为“讨论。前文提到作者假装没有听到大家的聊天，但是之后，事情变好了，噬案忘记了选举。故正确答

21、案为选项 Ao20. A. trust B. pride C. character D. support【正确答案l.G【解题思路】本题考查名词。本句译为“像这样的失败的时刻塑造了_一用为我学会了面对失望，并且（让自己）变得更强大”。选项A译为“信任"；选顼它译为“自 豪”；选项C译为“品质”性格，特征”；选项D译为“支持”。破折号后面的内容是对前 面的解释说明，同时根据文章语境判断。故正确答案为选项Co阅读理解（共36 分）三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的 A 、 B 、 C、 D 四个选项中 , 选 择最佳选项。（共26 分，每小题 2 分）AExperienc

22、ing ChinaMike, CanadaI spent three months with my host family （接待家庭） in China. It was a lifetime experience. I was able to experience Chinese living and culture, from basic Tai Chi to Beijing Opera. I even visited a famous traditionalChinese medicine hospital. Now I have a better understanding of Ch

23、inese culture.Joanna, AustraliaI stayed with my host family for five months. My host mother is aChinese teacher and she is really warm-hearted. With her help, myChinese has improved a lot. And I have got used to a new culture. My favorite part of the experience was sharing my feelings in China with

24、her.Bill, AmericaMy host mother is a wonderful cook! She makes me all kinds of traditional Chinese dishes. They are tasty and I like them very much. Just like me, my host parents love to learn about different cultures. They often ask me questions about life in America.Cindy, GermanyRecently I took p

25、art in a program to study Chinese. I lived with a host family in China for six months. My host sister is a really hardworking student. It was amazing to see how she made progress in English. And a close relationship has developed between us.21. Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital?A.

26、Mike. B. Joanna. C. Bill. D. Cindy.【正确答案】A【解题思路】本题 属于细节题。 根据题干中的关键信息“Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital?*, 定位 至文章 第一段 第三行 "I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital. "。故正确答案 为选项 Ao 22. How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China?A. Three mont

27、hs.B. Four months.C. Five months.D. Six months.【正确答案】C【解题思路】本题属于 细节题。根据题干中的关 键信息H How long did Joanna stay withher host 伯 mily ” 定位至U第二段第行 ,ul stayed with niy host family for five months%故正确答案为选项 C。23. Cindy thinks her host sister is _.A. a wonderful cook B. a responsible doctorC. a warm-hearted tea

28、cher D. a hardworking student【正确答案】D【解题思路】本题 属于细节题。根据题干中的关键信息“Cindy thinks her hostsister ； 可定位至U文章第四段第二行"My host sister is a really hardworkingstudent ”。故正确答案为选项D。BBlue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else. This springshe thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race.

29、So she askedher dad for help."Well, ” he said. "How about this: you do some research first andthen come back to me with a design/*A week later, Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad. She named hergo- kart H Blue Lightning''. Dad looked over her work, thinking. "Well, tha

30、t'sinteresting/' he said. "Have a try. Just build Blue Lightning as you've designed.Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real,working go- kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a testdrive. Sally agreed. After she did that, Sally dro

31、ve back to Dad.M Well, w she said.H Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive.Oh, do you?*' he said. "Please share.""When I drove fast, there was a lot of pushback," she said.ul think it'sbecause of the lightning boltshape.""Very good!" Dad said.So,

32、 why didn't you tell me about that problem in the first place?” Sally asked.Dad laughed. "Where's the fun in that? If you give a man a fish, hell eat for a day. But if you teach a man to fish, he'll eat for a lifetime/*Sally said, "I see. Anyway, designing is half the fun!Dad s

33、miled. "Good. Sometimes, learning happens during the process. We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way.That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder. When she showedDad her new go-kart, he nodded with pride.Finally came the race. Sall

34、y wasn't worried about whether she would win in her mind, she had already won, by building something better than ever before.24. Sally thought of building a go-kart toA. practice drivingB. enter for a raceC. play with friendsD. do some research【正确答案】饵【解题患路】本题属于细节题。根据题干中的关键信息uSally thought of bui

35、ldinga go- kart ”, 定位至文章第一段第二句 "This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race ”。故正确答案为选项Bo25. What did Sally's dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart?A. To have a test drive.B. lb take a good rest.C. lb give it a cool name.D. To paint it light blue.【正确答案】A

36、【解题思路】本题 属于细节题。根据题干中的关键信扈 *wdid Sally's dad ask after she built the go-kart", 定位至文章第四段最后一句 "Dad asked her to take it for a test drive ;可知在她完成go-kart之后，爸爸要求她去试驾。故正确答案为选项 A。26. Sally's story mainly tells us that .A. winning a race is importantB. fishing brings us a lot of funC. drivi

37、ng experience is necessaryD. learning happens during the process【正确答案】D【解题思路】本题属于主旨题。根据最后一段比赛后的总结"Sally wasn't worriedwhether she would win - in her mind, she had already won, by building something betterthao-ever before ;可知通过建造了前所未有的东西， Sally在心中 认为自己已经 获胜，同时，在文章倒数第三段第一行爸爸的话中也有体现。故正确答 案.为DS

38、ometimes it seems that time is flying. Perhaps it doesn't need to feel thisway. Our experience of time can be possibly changed. By understanding the psychological （心理学的） processes behind our different experiences of time,we might be able to slow down time a little.One basic law of psychological

39、time is that time seems to slow down whenwe're12 exposed （ 接触） to new environments and experiences. The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount ofinformation our minds process. The more information our minds take in, the slower time seems to pass.It follow

40、s, then, that we have different experiences of time in different situations. In some situations, our life is full of new experiences. Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down. In other situations, we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more andmore fa

41、miliar （ 熟悉的） .We become insensitive to our experience, which meanswe process less information, and time seems to speed up.How can we slow down time? Here are two suggestions.Firstly, since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster, we can exposeourselves to as many new experiences as possible

42、. We can give ourselves new challenges, meet new people, and expose our minds to new information, hobbies and skills. This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand （增 力口） our experience of time.Secondly, and perhaps most effectively, we can give our whole attention toan e

43、xperience to what we are seeing, feeling, tasting, smelling or hearing.This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts. Forexample, on the way home, focus your attention outside of yourself, instead ofthinking about the problems you have to deal with. Look at the sky, or at the

44、buildings you pass, traveling among them. This open attitude to yourexperiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expandingeffect.7b a certain degree, we can understand and control our experience of timepassing. It's possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience

45、of time.1327. According to the writer, we can expand our experience of time byA. going to bed on time B. traveling to new placesC. having dinner as usual D. printing the same materials【正确答案】B【解题思路】本题属于细节题。根据题干内容定位型夹拿第密段最后一句"This willincrease the amount of information our minds process and expan

46、d our experience of time ",这会让我们对于时间的体验增加，其中this指代前面的“giveourselves new challenges, meet new people, and expose our minds to new information, hobbies and skills ;译为“接受新的挑战，遇见新的人，接触新的信息、， 酵湘技能”，核心思想即：接触不同的新事物，选项 B译为“旅行到新的地方”。故正 确答案为选项B。28. What can we learn from the passage?A. Being familiar wit

47、h the world around helps us get more information.B. Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quickly.C. We can take in more information by living through our senses.D. We should build a stronger relationship between time and us.【正确答案】C? It'- * ?【解题思路】本题 属于推断题。选项 A译为“熟悉周围的世界帮助我彳项号割黑多

48、的信 息 " 定位到第三段四、五句“ the world around us becomes more and morefamiliar.which means we process less information', 意思是“我们周围的世界变得越 来越熟悉，这就意味着我们可以 处理更少的信息”，选项A 和原文描述不一致，故排除； 选项 B 译为 “理解心理学的时间让生活过得更快” 定位到第一段最后一句 “ Byunderstanding the psychological processes-we might be able to slow downtime a litt

49、le ,意思是“通过理解的心理过程，我们也许能够让时间慢一点”，选项 B 和原文 意思相反，故排除；选项C 译为“在生活中我们可 以通过 感知获取更多信息”定位到第六段第二句“ This means living through our senses. 葺 和第五句M This. helps take in moreinformation ； 选项 C 与原文一致， 正确； 选项 D 译为 “我们应该在 时间和 自己之 间建立更 强的关 系” ， 与文章主旨不符，故排除。故正确答案为选项C。29. Which of the following would be the best title f

50、or the passage?A. Slow Down TimeB. Only Time Will TellC. Race Against TimeD. Time Will Not Come Twice【正确答案】 A【解题思路】本题 属于主旨题。 本篇首尾段都在讲关于“slow down time ”的 话题，且 第四段作为承上启下的过渡段，就如何 “slow down time ” 搂出酣藻议。故正确答案 为选项 A。 .:；DHow Much Can We Afford to Forget?In 2018, Science magazine asked some young scient

51、ists what schools should teachstudents. Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts and have more spacefor creative activities. As N the Internet grows more powerful, students can access （获得）knowledge easily. Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads?Civ

52、ilizations （文明） develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. In theAgricultural （农业的） Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills. When societies industrialized, the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget. Nowadays, smart machines give us access to most human knowle

53、dge. It seems that we no longer need to remember most things. Does it matter?Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen. For one, human beings have biases （偏见）,and smart machines are likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objec

54、tive, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.Another problem relates to the case of accessing information. When there were no computers, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people, or go

55、to the library.We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along.In a new civilization rich in machine inte

56、lligence, we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored. But dependency on a network suggests possibilities ofbeing harmed easily. The collapse of any of the networks of relations our well-being（健康）depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results. With

57、out food we get hungry; without energy we feel cold. And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age.We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills. As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks, and ca

58、n be found when we need them, perhaps they're not really forgotten. Still, as time goes on, we gradually but unquestionably become strangers to future people.30. Why are smart machines likely to increase our biases?A. Because they go off course in testing and scoring.B. Because we control the training process on them.C. Because we offer them too much information.D. Because they overuse the provided answers.【正确答案】B【解题思路】本题属于细节题。根据题干中