(江苏专用)高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 The environment讲义 牛津译林版必修5 教案

1、Unit 2 The environment话题词汇1.environmentally friendly环保的2.pollutant n.污染物3.recycle v.回收4.nonrenewable adj.不可再生的5.disastrous adj.灾难性的6.alternative energy替代能源7.endangered species濒危物种8.limited natural resources有限的自然资源9.global warming全球变暖10.arouse peoples awareness of environmental protection提高公众的环保意识经典语

2、篇你所在的班级正在准备办一期英语墙报，主题为“保护环境，控制污染”，请你根据以下要点写一篇英语短文。1.工业快速发展的同时也造成了环境污染；2.增强环保意识和控制人口增长可以减少污染；3.号召人们共同努力，参与环保。注意：1.词数150左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。佳作欣赏We are happy to see that the world economy is developing fast，but with the fast development of industry come different kinds of pollution.We have been surroun

3、ded by polluted air，water and soil.It is clear that they have become the problems which worry nearly everyone and the government.How to prevent pollution？We must both strengthen peoples sense of environmental protection and control the increase of population.We should know that destroying the enviro

4、nment means destroying our own homethe earth.I hope all the people in the world will join hands to protect the environment.Only in this way will we have a good future.思维发散1.将第句改为正常语序Different kinds of pollution come with the fast development of industry.2.将第句改为简单句They have become the problems worryi

5、ng nearly everyone and the government.3.仿照第句用倒装句完成句子只有认真观察每个雨滴是怎样汇成小溪的，你才能理解如何用许多小的成就实现梦想。Only by watching how each raindrop comes down in a stream can you understand how it takes many small accomplishments to realize a dream.重点单词A.写作单词1.belief (n.)看法；信念2.impress (vt.)使印象深刻3.willing (adj.)愿意的，乐意的4.d

6、ecrease (vt.& vi.)减少；(n.)减少5.debate (n.& vi.)辩论；争论，讨论6.queue (vi.)排队等候；(n.)队，行列7.quantity (n.)数量quality (n.)质量；品质8.particular (adj.)专指的，特指的；特别的；讲究的，挑剔的particularly (adv.)尤其，特别9.appreciate (vt.)欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会appreciation (n.)感激，感谢；欣赏；理解；(艺术方面的)鉴定，评估10.illegal (adj.)违法的，非法的illegally (adv.)违法地，非法地legal (a

7、dj.)法律许可的，合法的legally (adv.)法律上，合法地B.阅读单词11.decade (n.)十年12.arrest (vt.& n.)逮捕13.conflict (vi.)冲突，抵触；(n.)冲突；矛盾14.credit (n.)赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分15.range (n.)范围；一系列；山脉；(vi.)(在一定范围内)变化；包括；排列，排序16.conservation (n.)(对自然环境的)保护conserve (v.)保护；保存17.consume (vt.)消耗，耗费；消费consumer (n.)消费者，顾客，用户18.absorb (vt.)吸收；理

8、解；使全神贯注absorbed (adj.)全神贯注的，专心致志的19.production (n.)产量；生产produce (v.)生产，制造；(n.)产品；产量product (n.)产品；产物.重点短语1.open the floor自由发言2.cut back on减少，削减，缩减3.use up用尽4.run out (of)用完，耗尽5.clean up打扫(或清除)干净6.queue up排队等候7.pick out找出，挑选8.under way进行中9.in/with regard to关于，至于10.let off排放11.in particular尤其，特别12.do

9、ones part尽自己的职责.经典句式1.It is clear that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.很显然，你们对环境的现状很担忧。2.Ms Lin suggested we should cut back on the quantity of things we produce in order to save the environment.林女士建议为了保护环境我们应该削减我们所生产的东西的数量。3.However，I do agree that we should pr

10、oduce more things from materials that have been recycled，and less from raw materials，the supply of which is growing smaller and smaller.然而，我非常赞同我们应该利用回收材料制造更多的产品，减少原材料的使用，因为原材料的供应越来越紧张。4.What if they run out?如果它们用完了怎么办呢？5.There is no doubt that the world climate has been changing in recent years.毫无疑

11、问，世界气候近年来一直发生着变化。1多词一义debate，argue，quarrel，discuss(1)debate on/over/about sth.就某事辩论debate从句 讨论(2)under debate正在讨论中beyond debate毋庸置疑(1)They debated about who was to blame for the traffic accident until it was 9 oclock.就谁该对这起交通事故承担责任，他们一直辩论到9点。(2)Our class held a debate on whether students should take

12、 cell phones to school.我们班进行了关于学生是否应该带手机去学校的辩论。(3)The suggestion is still under debate.那个提议仍然还在讨论中。词义辨析debate，argue，quarrel，discuss(1)debate多指公开、正式场合进行的辩论或严肃的争论，侧重双方各自申诉理由。(2)argue指一方坚持自己的意见、立场和观点，通过争论企图说服对方。(3)quarrel争吵，因生气而发生语言冲突。(4)discuss指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而进行的磋商，以便统一认识。多维训练(1)选词填空He argued with Mar

13、y about the best place for a holiday.Those girls are always quarrelling over little things.In todays meeting we will further discuss what to teach during the next week.The whole class debated heatedly on how to raise enough money.(2)完成句子我们正在讨论下一步该怎么办。We are debating what to do next.这则新闻的真实性毋庸置疑。The

14、truth of this news is beyond debate.2应试指导hold the belief that.在作文中的应用(1)beyond (ones) belief难以置信hold the belief that持有的观点It is ones belief that.某人相信(2)believe v.相信believe in信任believe it or not信不信由你(1)The story of his life is beyond my belief.他的生平令我难以置信。(2)It is my belief that good manners are import

15、ant to everyone.我相信礼貌对大家很重要。(3)He has lost his belief in God.他已经不相信上帝了。多维训练(1)完成句子人们经常持有发展对环境有害的观点。People often hold the belief that development is bad for the environment.信不信由你，他真的胜利了。Believe it or not he actually won.(2)The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief you are b

16、etter than anyone else on the sports field.A how B thatC which D whether答案B解析考查同位语从句的引导词。句意为：高层次的成功的唯一方法就是要完全相信你在体育运动方面比任何人都要强。分析结构可知，此处 belief后接了同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，用that引导，所以正确答案为B。3(1)operate on/upon sb.给某人动手术(2)operation n.手术；操作be in operation在运转；在行动中；在实施中come/go into operation开始工作(生效)put/bring into o

17、peration实施；实行(3)operator操作员；话务员(1)The department store is well operated.这家百货公司经营得很好。(2)Do you know how to operate the heating system?你知道怎么操作这个加热系统吗？(3)When the machine is in operation，keep away from it.机器运转时，请勿靠近。多维训练(1)用operate的适当形式填空The new law will come into operation later this year.In the good

18、care of the nurses，the boy is gradually recovering from his heart operation.He dialed the operator and put in a call for Rome.(2)The doctor said that the patient had at once，which made us all worried.A.to operate B.to be operatedC.operated D.to be operated on答案D解析sb.be operated on某人需要动手术，on不能省去。4(1)

19、take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事take ones measure量某人的尺寸make sth.to ones own measure照某人的尺寸做(2)measure sth.by.用衡量某物be measured in以计measure量量起来(用主动形式)(1)The center has over 300 scientists devoted to finding effective measures that will stop desertification.这个中心有300多位科学家致力于寻找有效措施来阻止沙漠化。(2)Th

20、e government has taken measures to bring down the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.政府已经采取措施来降低日用品的高价格，以保证市场稳定。(3)Education shouldnt be measured purely by examination results.教育不应该纯粹用考试结果来衡量。(4)Do you know the history of that bridge measuring as long as 200 meters?你知道那座有200米长的桥的历史

21、吗？多维训练(1)完成句子当他宝宝出生时，护士量了一下，孩子50厘米长。When his baby was born，the nurse measured it and it measured 50 centimeters long.他们呼吁人们和政府采取措施来对抗它。They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.在美国，测量距离以英里计。In the US，distance is measured in miles.(2)My mother used to make new clothe

22、s my own measure with the Spring Festival coming.A.with B.forC.to D.by答案C解析句意为：妈妈过去常常在春节来临时为我量体裁衣。make sth.to ones own measure照某人的尺寸做，故选择C。5应试指导非谓语动词句法功能的考查(1)beyond/out of ones range/the range of sb.超出某人的范围within/in the range of在范围之内(2)range from.to.从到之间变化range between.and.在到之间变动(1)A wide range of

23、colors and patterns are available.各种颜色和样式都有。(2)Be sure that the game you select is within the range of students ability.确保你选的游戏在学生能力范围之内。(3)She has had a number of different jobs，ranging from chef to swimming instructor.她做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。图解助记多维训练(1)用适当的介词或所给词的适当形式填空Costs range from 50 to several h

24、undred pounds.If the target was farther than fifty metres，then it was out of range.Ranging(range) from 2 to 98 yuan，the prices are reasonable.(2)This restaurant has become popular for its wide of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.A.division B.areaC.range D.circle答案C解析句意为：这家餐馆因其各种各样适合所有人口味及腰包的食品

25、而深受大家的喜爱。division分离，部门，分歧；area领域，地区；range批，组，类，范围，a wide range of sth.各种各样的；circle圆形，圈子。根据句意可知，选C项。6应试指导(1)后跟非谓语动词的考查(2)写作高级句式：I would appreciate it if.(1)appreciate doing.感激做I would appreciate it if.假如我将不胜感激(2)appreciation n.欣赏；感激in appreciation of因赏识而；因感激而(1)When you look people in the eye，they fe

26、el you appreciate what they are saying.当你直视别人的眼睛，他们会感觉你欣赏他们所说的话。(2015安徽)(2)And Ill appreciate it very much if you give me an early reply.如果你能早点回信我将非常感激。(3)Here I sincerely express my appreciation if you could help find the lost suitcase.如果你能帮我找到丢失的箱子，我会真诚地表达我的感激之情。特别提醒(1)appreciate后接v.ing形式。(2)其后只能接

27、“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语。(3)其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，需先接it作形式宾语，再接从句。多维训练(1)用所给词的适当形式填空I dont appreciate being treated(treat) like a secondclass citizen.This dinner is being held in appreciation (appreciate) of all your hard work.(2)同义句改写 I would be grateful to you for turning off the lights.(用appreciate改写)Id ap

28、preciate it if you would turn off the lights.7应试指导cut短语语境词义辨析cut down砍倒；削减；压缩cut in插嘴cut up切碎；使痛心cut off切断；阻隔cut out剪掉；删掉；停止(1)The doctor told me to cut back on smoking.医生要我减少吸烟。(2)I felt I had been cut off from the outside world for years.我感觉与世隔绝好多年了。(3)I must cut out going to bed too late.我必须改掉晚睡的

29、习惯。多维训练(1)用cut短语填空How can you cut down the risk of cancer?He also supplied the north when America cut off energy aid.He had cut up the meat before his mother came back.Dont try to cut in while others are talking.(2)Queen Elizabeth ，who has reached a major milestone by becoming the longestreigning mo

30、narch，has her international travel and lightened her work load somewhat，but still carries out many royal duties.A.made up for B.given way toC.cut back on D.got down to答案C解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：女王伊丽莎白二世成为了在位时间最长的君主，这是一个重要的里程碑，她已经削减了她的国际旅行，这在某种程度上减轻了她的工作量，但是她仍旧要履行许多皇室义务。make up for补偿，弥补；give way to给让路，让位于；cut

31、 back on削减，缩减；get down to开始认真考虑，着手处理。根据语境可知选C。8多词一义run out of，give out，use uprun out 结束；用完(主语为物，无被动语态)give out用完；发出(热、光等)；公布(不及物，一般不用于进行时态)use up用完(及物)(1)As a matter of fact，we have run out of stock for a few weeks.事实上，我们的货已脱销几个星期了。(2)Our food will soon run out.我们的食物不久就要吃光了。(3)According to the rule

32、of the competition，we had to use up all the items before the time runs out.However，it is a long and tiring process.As a result，that day，long before I ran out of the time given by the judge，my strength had given out.根据比赛规则，我们得在时间结束前用完所有的东西。但是，这是一个漫长而累人的过程。结果，那天在用完裁判规定的时间之前好长时间，我就已经筋疲力尽了。多维训练(1)同义句改写H

33、e ran out of his ink.(用his ink作主语改写)His ink was ran out of/ran out/gave out/was used up.(2)What can I do for you，Mum?The salt has .Youd better go to the shop to buy some.A.run out of B.used upC.made use of D.run out答案D解析答句句意为：盐用完了。你最好去商店买些。A、B两项是及物的；C项不符合句意，所以选择D。(3)My money ，so I must go to the ban

34、k to draw some of my savings before Ive none in hand.A.is being run outB.has been run outC.is running outD.has run out答案C解析根据后半句可知，应该表达即将用完。所以选择C。9pick up捡起，拿起(某物)；收听；接送某人；收拾；获得；学会；好转；逮捕，抓捕；取回；感染pick off摘掉；除去(1)Its easy to pick him out in a crowd because he is very tall.很容易从人群中辨认出他，因为他个子高。(2)He pick

35、ed his cap up from the floor and stuck it back on his head.他从地板上拾起帽子，重新戴在头上。(3)Dont pick off any of these flowers.这些花一朵也不要摘。图解助记多维训练(1)写出下列句中pick up的汉语意思Ridley picked up a pencil and fiddled(不停摆弄) with it.拿起She went over to her parents house to pick up some clean clothes.取回Where did you pick up your

36、 English？学会Theyve picked up a really severe infection from something theyve eaten.染上We can pick up Italian television.收看到Chinese officials hope that trade will pick up when the two countries switch to hard currency.好转(2)短语填空Her British accent was picked up on her visit to London.Pick off all the dea

37、d leaves.Although he had not seen his sister for twenty years，he picked her out as soon as she got off the plane.10多维训练(1)我反对你申请信用卡。I object to your applying for a credit card.(2)值得称赞的是，他们一直在齐心合力。To their credit，they are working together.(3)我们必须要停止把公司和商人们当成敌人，并给他们更多的信任！We need to stop thinking of co

38、mpanies and businessmen as the enemy，and give them more credit!11特别提醒(1)in quantity大量(2)quantities of名词复数谓语动词 许多(3)a quantity of复数名词复数谓语动词/不可数名词单数谓语动词 大量 多维训练(1)用所给词的适当形式填空A large quantity of beer was sold(sell) yesterday.Large quantities of food were(be) on the table five minutes ago.(2)完成句子Its a l

39、ot cheaper if you buy it in quantity(大量).There are large quantities of(大量的) rain in this area.(3)Why does the lake smell terrible?Because large quantities of water .A.have polluted B.is being pollutedC.has been polluted D.have been polluted答案D解析答句句意为：因为大量的水都被污染了。large quantities of后接名词，无论可数不可数，谓语动词皆

40、为复数。water和pollute之间是动宾关系，所以选D。12多维训练(1)那个正在做手术的可怜的女孩已经引起了公众的注意。The poor girl being operated on has arrested/drawn/attracted the publics attention.(2)The escaped prisoner got immediately he turned up at the railway station and was sent to prison again.A.to arrest B.arrestedC.arresting D.to be arreste

41、d答案B解析get arrested被逮捕。所以选B。13多维训练(1)完成句子许多人认为经济发展与环境保护互相冲突。Many people think that economic development and environmental protection conflict with each other.这个与其他的细节冲突。It is in conflict with other details.汤姆总是容易与其他人发生争执。Tom tends to come into conflict with others.(2)In dealing with public relation，w

42、e should make every effort to prevent the in personality.A.contact B.contrastC.connection D.conflict答案D解析句意为：在处理人际关系时，我们应该努力防止个性冲突。由句意知选D。14特别提醒particular作“特别的，特殊的”讲时，没有比较级和最高级。多维训练(1)用适当的介词填空The girl is very particular about/over her food.The whole meal was good but the wine in particular was excel

43、lent.This plant is particular to that region.(2)I believe you have seen our exhibits in the show room.What is it youre interested in?A.in place B.in particularC.in practice D.in point答案B解析in place在适当的位置；in practice在实践中；in point 恰当的，中肯的，切题的。in particular特别，尤其，符合句意。句意为：我相信你已经在样品间参观了我们的展品。有什么令你特别感兴趣的新产

44、品吗？15absorb v.吸收(液体、气体等)；吸引全部注意力，使全神贯注；使并入，吞并；理解，掌握特别提醒表示“全神贯注”的常见短语有：be absorbed in，be lost in，be buried in，fix/focus ones attention on，devote.to，concentrate ones mind on，apply oneself to，be addicted to等。多维训练(1)用适当的介、副词填空When deeply absorbed in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eati

45、ng or sleeping.Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.(2)完成句子在地上鸣叫的小鸟吸引了我的注意力。The bird crying on the ground absorbed my attention.热量被水吸收了。The heat is absorbed by the water.(3)Where is Jimmy?Just now I saw him sitting under the tree， in his video games.A.absorbed B.absor

46、bingC.to absorb D.absorb答案A解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：Jimmy在哪儿？我刚才看见他坐在树下，沉醉于视频游戏。be absorbed in专心于，沉醉于。故用过去分词短语作伴随状语。16多维训练(1)用regard的适当形式填空Davis had very little to say regarding the accident.As regards economic issues，he agreed with our view.Human life is regarded as part of nature and，as such，the only way for

47、 us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.(2015福建)I have nothing to say with regard to your complaints.(2)I am always delighted when I receive an email from you. the party on July 1st，I shall be pleased to attend.A.On account of B.In response toC.In view of D.With regard to答案D解析考查介词短语辨析。句意为：当

48、我收到你的电子邮件时，我总是很高兴。至于7月1日的聚会，我将很乐意参加。on account of由于，因为；in response to响应，回答；in view of鉴于，考虑到；with regard to至于，关于。所以选D。17多维训练短语填空(1)In no way will I give in to you.(2)Dont stand in the way；the bus is coming.(3)Though it rained cats and dogs，he made his way to school.(4)Because of the heavy fog many pa

49、ssengers lost their way and asked the police for help.(5)Preparations for coming sports meeting are well under way.(6)In a way good service sells our products.18What if.？意为“如果将会怎样；即使又有什么关系？”为省略结构，相当于What shall we/I do if.？what if中what可看作是what should sb.do或what does it matter或what would happen的省略。wha

50、t if用于提出假设时，其后句子可用陈述语气(一般现在时)，也可用虚拟语气(一般过去时或should动词原形)。What for？为何目的？为何理由？So what？那又怎么样？What/How about.？怎么样？Guess what？你猜怎么着？Whats up？Whats the matter？怎么了？(1)What if she finds out that you have lost her book?如果她发现你弄丢了她的书，怎么办？(2)What if the talk between the two countries breaks down?如果两国之间的谈判破裂怎么办？(

51、3)Guess what？I win a free ticket.你猜怎么着，我赢了一张免费票！多维训练(1)完成句子Her father is very rich.So what(那又怎么样)？She wouldnt accept his help even if it was offered.What if he wont come(他要是不愿意来怎么办)？Can you tell me?How/What about(怎么样) the two of us going out for a walk?(2)Ill take the driving test this month. you sh

52、ould fail?A.Why no B.How soC.What for D.What if答案D解析句意为：这个月我要参加驾驶考试。如果你万一不通过怎么办？。what if.如果怎么办，符合句意。所以选D。19There is no doubt that the world climate has been changing in recent years.毫无疑问，世界气候近年来一直发生着变化。(1)There is no doubt意为“毫无疑问”，后接that从句或about名词结构。There is doubt意为“值得怀疑”，后接whether引导的从句或about名词结构。(2

53、)doubt v.& n.怀疑；疑问，作动词时，其用法如下：在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后接that引导的宾语从句。在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。作名词时，用法如下：用于肯定句时，一般接whether引导的同位语从句。用于否定句、疑问句时，一般接that引导的同位语从句。(3)be in doubt犹豫不决beyond doubt无疑地(1)There is some doubt whether he is suitable for the job.他是否胜任这项工作还有一些疑问。(2)I have no doubt that youll succeed

54、.我肯定你能成功。(3)I must say his honesty is beyond doubt.我得说他的诚实毫无疑问。多维训练用适当的连词填空(1)I dont doubt that he can finish the task on time.(2)I doubt if/whether they can swim across the river.(3)There is no doubt that she will come in time.(4)I have some doubt whether he will be elected.微写作写作素材(关于环境)1.在过去的十年里，管理部门在环境保护方面没有尽到职责。2.现在很多商业界人士乐意减少车辆的产量。3.这样做是为了减少二氧化碳的排放。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)In the past decade，the administration hasnt done its part in environmental conservation.Now many businessmen are willing to cut back on the production of vehicles in order to decrease l