LED点阵数字钟与温度计

1、LED点阵数字钟与温度计一、系统设计方案本LED点阵数字钟基于STC89C52RC单片机设计，使用5片6*7的LED点阵作为显示屏。通过设计系统可以完成显示时间，日期，并增加了用DS18B20温度传感器显示温度的功能。同时，通过程序的改变可以为点阵数字钟扩充例如闹钟，字幕滚屏等功能。 LED点阵数字钟通过单片机来完成计时，设定，温度测量等功能。显示部分通过74HC595通用移位寄存器,完成点阵屏幕与单片机连接从而完成显示部分的功能。其系统组成框图如下：二、单元电路设计1.MCU控制部分单片机的时钟周期由外部12M晶振，时间信息则通过DS1302产生。DS1302通过串行方式与单片机进行数据传送

2、,能够向单片机提供包括秒、分、时、日、月、年等在内的实时时间信息,并可对月末日期、闰年天数自动进行调整;它还拥有用于主电源和备份电源的双电源引脚,在主电源关闭的情况下,也能保持时钟的连续运行。从而完成断电计时的功能。其中DS1302采用32.768KHz的晶振提供时钟周期（原理图见附录1）1 图12.LED点阵显示部分74HC595通用移位寄存器并行输出端具有输出锁存功能。与单片机连接简单方便，只须三个I/O口即可。而且通过芯片的Q7引脚和SER引脚，可以级联。点阵屏幕由5片6*7的LED点阵组成。采用74HC595来实现时钟的动态显示。点阵屏幕段选码由4片74HC595控制，段选数据由74H

3、C595的SER引脚串行输入，由于输出使能时钟RCLK并接在一起，因此，4片74HC595并行输出端同时输出。而5个点阵位选信号也并接在一起，因此，一次可以同时点亮4列此过程类似于静态显示。每片74HC595并行输出端并接到点阵的每一位的引脚，用于扫描输出，此过程类似于动态扫描过程。此方法运用4片74HC595，7条位选信号，从而实现LED点阵的显示.其中位选控制端为通过经三极管放大后的P2口输出信号控制。（原理图见附录2）3.电源部分采用普通电源接口和USB接口，可以使用5V，400mA电源供电，亦可使用电脑USB供电。预设备用电源纽扣电池接口，保证时钟断电后继续走时。三、程序设计1. 定义

4、字符#include "reg52.h"#define uchar unsigned char#define uint unsigned int/74HC595管脚定义sbit S_DIO = P30;sbit S_CLK = P31; sbit R_CLK = P32;/按键管脚定义sbit KEY_1 = P11;sbit KEY_2 = P12; sbit KEY_3 = P10;/蜂鸣器管脚定义sbit BEEP = P27;/DS18B20管脚定义sbit DQ = P34;uchar temp_value;unsigned char tempL=0; /设全局变

5、量unsigned char tempH=0;unsigned int sdata;/测量到的温度的整数部分unsigned char xiaoshu1;/小数第一位unsigned char xiaoshu2;/小数第二位unsigned char xiaoshu;/两位小数bit fg=1; /温度正负标志，等于0时为负数/DS1302管脚定义sbit T_CLK = P35;sbit T_IO = P36;sbit T_RST = P37;sbit ACC0 = ACC0;sbit ACC1 = ACC1;sbit ACC2 = ACC2;sbit ACC3 = ACC3;sbit AC

6、C4 = ACC4;sbit ACC5 = ACC5;sbit ACC6 = ACC6;sbit ACC7 = ACC7;bitdistime,disdate,disyear,distweek,diswendu,setyear,setdate,settime,setalarm,setweek;unsigned char code Bmp74=0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xf

7、f,0xff,0xff,;unsigned char code font7=0x38,0x44,0x64,0x54,0x4C,0x44,0x38,/0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0xF8, /-'0'0x10,0x18,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x38,/0x20,0x30,0x28,0x20,0x20,0x20,0xF8, /-'1'0x38,0x44,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x7C,/0xF8,0x80,0x80,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0xF8, /-'2'0x7C,0x

8、20,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x44,0x38,/0xF8,0x80,0x80,0xF8,0x80,0x80,0xF8, /-'3'0x20,0x30,0x28,0x24,0x7C,0x20,0x20,/0x48,0x48,0x48,0x48,0xF8,0x40,0x40, /-'4'0x7C,0x04,0x3C,0x40,0x40,0x44,0x38,/0xF8,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x80,0x80,0xF8, /-'5'0x70,0x08,0x04,0x3C,0x44,0x44,0x38,/0xF8,0x08,0x08,0

9、xF8,0x88,0x88,0xF8, /-'6'0x7C,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,/0xF8,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80, /-'7'0x38,0x44,0x44,0x38,0x44,0x44,0x38,/0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xF8, /-'8'0x38,0x44,0x44,0x78,0x40,0x20,0x1C,/0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xF8,0x80,0x80,0x80, /-'9'0x00,0x30,0x

10、30,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00, /-10-':'0x78,0x48,0x78,0x48,0x78,0x48,0x64, /-11-'月'0x78,0x48,0x48,0x78,0x48,0x48,0x78, /-12-'日'0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF, /-13-''0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00, /-14-' '0x3C,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x3C, /-15-' D'

11、0x44,0x44,0x44,0x28,0x10,0x10,0x10, /-16-' Y'0x08,0xF8,0x24,0xF8,0x28,0xFC,0x20, /-17-'年'0x88,0xA8,0xA8,0xA8,0xA8,0xF8,0x70, /-18-' W'0x88,0x48,0x28,0x18,0x28,0x48,0x88, /-19-' K'0x00,0x00,0x00,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x00, /-20-'-'0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30, /

12、-21-'.'0xE8,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0xE0, /-22-''unsigned char idata DisTemp57;unsigned char idata Dis5;/时钟数据(7字节BCD码)格式为： 秒 分 时 日 月星期 年 unsigned char idata Time7;/=0x30,0x42,0x23,0x18,0x06,0x04,0x09; unsigned char idata alarm2=0x30,0x06;uchar alarm_hh,alarm_ss,alarm_fg,alarm_off,fl

13、ag;/闹钟unsigned char idata CSRow7=0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40;unsigned char idata second,minute,hour,day,month,week,year,time_revise; unsigned char idata keyvalue;unsigned long int idata Disbuf5;unsigned long int idata Disbuftemp7;unsigned int ss,i,TimeT1;/* 函数名： Delay* 功能描述：延时（带参数）*/void Dela

14、y(unsigned int i)unsigned int j;for(j=0;j<i;j+);/* 函数名： KeyOff* 功能描述：*/void KeyOff()if(keyvalue=2|keyvalue=1|keyvalue=3)alarm_off=1;/* 函数名： OutData* 功能描述：*/void OutData(unsigned char Data)SBUF=Data;while(TI=0);TI=0;/* 函数名： BCD2HEX* 功能描述：*/unsigned char BCD2HEX(unsigned char BCDChar)unsigned char

15、temp;temp=(BCDChar/16*10+BCDChar%16);return temp;/* 函数名： HEX2BCD* 功能描述：*/unsigned char HEX2BCD(unsigned char HEXChar)unsigned char temp;temp=(HEXChar/10*16+HEXChar%10);return temp;/* 函数名： WriteByteDS1302* 功能描述：*/void WriteByteDS1302(unsigned char Data)unsigned char i;ACC = Data;for(i=8; i>0; i-)T

16、_IO = ACC0;T_CLK = 1;T_CLK = 0;ACC = ACC >> 1;/* 函数名： ReadByteDS1302* 功能描述：*/ unsigned char ReadByteDS1302(void)unsigned char i;for(i=8; i>0; i-)ACC = ACC >>1;ACC7 = T_IO;T_CLK = 1;T_CLK = 0;return(ACC);/* 函数名： WriteDS1302* 功能描述：*/void WriteDS1302(unsigned char Addr,unsigned char Data

17、)T_RST = 0;T_CLK = 0;T_RST = 1;WriteByteDS1302(Addr);WriteByteDS1302(Data);T_CLK = 1;T_RST = 0;/* 函数名： ReadDS1302* 功能描述：*/unsigned char ReadDS1302(unsigned char Addr)unsigned char Data;T_RST = 0;T_CLK = 0;T_RST = 1;WriteByteDS1302(Addr);Data = ReadByteDS1302();T_CLK = 1;T_RST = 0;return(Data);/* 函数名

18、： Set* 功能描述：设置*/void Set(unsigned char sel,unsigned char selby)unsigned char address,item;unsigned char max,min;if(sel=0) address=0x80; max=59;min=0; /秒if(sel=1) address=0x82; max=59;min=0; /分钟if(sel=2) address=0x84; max=23;min=0; /小时if(month=2)if(flag=1)if(sel=3) address=0x86; max=28;min=1;elseif(s

19、el=3) address=0x86; max=27;min=1;elseif(month=1|month=3|month=5|month=7|month=8|month=10|month=12) if(sel=3) address=0x86; max=31;min=1;if(month=4|month=6|month=9|month=11)if(sel=3) address=0x86; max=30;min=1;if(sel=4) address=0x88; max=12;min=1; /月if(sel=5) address=0x8a; max=7; min=1; /星期if(sel=6)

20、address=0x8c; max=99;min=0; /年if(sel=7) address=0xc0; max=59;min=0; /闹钟分钟if(sel=8) address=0xc2; max=23;min=0; /闹钟小时item=ReadDS1302(address+1)/16*10+ReadDS1302(address+1)%16;if (selby=0) item+; else item-;if(item>max) item=min;if(item<min) item=max;WriteDS1302(0x8e,0x00);WriteDS1302(address,it

21、em/10*16+item%10);WriteDS1302(0x90,0xa5);WriteDS1302(0x8e,0x80);/* 函数名： SetTime* 功能描述：*/void SetTime(unsigned char *pClock)unsigned char h;unsigned char Addr=0x80;WriteDS1302(0x8e,0x00);for(h=7; h>0; h-)WriteDS1302(Addr,*pClock);pClock+;Addr+=2;WriteDS1302(0x90,0xa5);WriteDS1302(0x8e,0x80);/* 函数名

22、： ReadTime* 功能描述：*/void ReadTime()Second = BCD2HEX(Time0=ReadDS1302(0x81);minute = BCD2HEX(Time1=ReadDS1302(0x83);hour = BCD2HEX(Time2=ReadDS1302(0x85);day = BCD2HEX(Time3=ReadDS1302(0x87);month = BCD2HEX(Time4=ReadDS1302(0x89);year = BCD2HEX(Time5=ReadDS1302(0x8d);week = BCD2HEX(Time6=ReadDS1302(0x

23、8b);alarm_ss = BCD2HEX(alarm0=ReadDS1302(0xc1);alarm_hh = BCD2HEX(alarm1=ReadDS1302(0xc3);/* 函数名： WriteTime* 功能描述：*/void WriteTime()WriteDS1302(0x8e,0x00);WriteDS1302(0x80,HEX2BCD(second);WriteDS1302(0x82,HEX2BCD(minute);WriteDS1302(0x84,HEX2BCD(hour);WriteDS1302(0x86,HEX2BCD(day);WriteDS1302(0x88,H

24、EX2BCD(month);WriteDS1302(0x8A,HEX2BCD(week);WriteDS1302(0x8C,HEX2BCD(year);WriteDS1302(0xc0,HEX2BCD(alarm_ss);WriteDS1302(0xc2,HEX2BCD(alarm_hh);WriteDS1302(0x90,0xa5);WriteDS1302(0x8e,0x80);/* 函数名： StopTime* 功能描述：*/void StopTime()second = BCD2HEX(Time0=ReadDS1302(0x81);WriteDS1302(0x8e,0x00);Write

25、DS1302(0x80,HEX2BCD(second)|0x80);WriteDS1302(0x90,0xa5);WriteDS1302(0x8e,0x80);/* 函数名： StartTime* 功能描述：*/void StartTime()WriteDS1302(0x8e,0x00);WriteDS1302(0x80,HEX2BCD(second)&0x7f);WriteDS1302(0x90,0xa5);WriteDS1302(0x8e,0x80);/温度处理程序/*ds18b20延迟子函数（晶振12MHz ）*/void delay_18B20(unsigned int i)w

26、hile(i-);/*ds18b20初始化函数*/void Init_DS18B20(void)unsigned char x=0;DQ = 1; /DQ复位delay_18B20(16); /稍做延时DQ = 0; /单片机将DQ拉低delay_18B20(160); /精确延时 大于 480usDQ = 1; /拉高总线delay_18B20(28);x=DQ; /稍做延时后 如果x=0则初始化成功 x=1则初始化失败 delay_18B20(40);/*ds18b20读一个字节*/unsigned char ReadOneChar(void)uchar i=0;uchar dat = 0

27、;for (i=8;i>0;i-)DQ = 0; / 给脉冲信号dat>>=1;DQ = 1; / 给脉冲信号if(DQ)dat|=0x80;delay_18B20(8);return(dat);/*ds18b20写一个字节*/void WriteOneChar(uchar dat)unsigned char i=0;for (i=8; i>0; i-)DQ = 0;DQ = dat&0x01;delay_18B20(10);DQ = 1;dat>>=1;/*读取ds18b20当前温度*函数名：ReadTemperature(void)*功能描述：读

28、温度值（低位放tempL;高位放tempH;）*/void ReadTemp(void)Init_DS18B20(); /初始化WriteOneChar(0xcc); /跳过读序列号的操作WriteOneChar(0x44); /启动温度转换delay_18B20(200); /转换需要一点时间，延时Init_DS18B20(); /初始化WriteOneChar(0xcc); /跳过读序列号的操作WriteOneChar(0xbe); /读温度寄存器（头两个值分别为温度的低位和高位） tempL=ReadOneChar(); /读出温度的低位LSBtempH=ReadOneChar(); /

29、读出温度的高位MSBif(tempH>0x7f) /最高位为1时温度是负tempL=tempL+1; /补码转换，取反加一tempH=tempH;fg=0; /读取温度为负时fg=0else fg=1;sdata = tempL/16+tempH*16; /整数部分xiaoshu1 = (tempL&0x0f)*10/16; /小数第一位xiaoshu2 = (tempL&0x0f)*100/16;/小数第二位xiaoshu=xiaoshu1*10+xiaoshu2; /小数两位/温度处理程序结束/* 函数名： DisPlay* 功能描述：*/void DisPlay()

30、unsigned char i,j;for(i=0;i<7;i+)P2=0xFF;for(j=0;j<4;j+)OutData(unsigned char *)&Disbuftempi)3-j);R_CLK=1;R_CLK=0;P2=CSRowi;BEEP=1;Delay(250);P2=0xff;/* 函数名： SetDis* 功能描述：设置显示内容菜单*/void SetDis()if(distime=1)/时分显示，秒针闪动if(hour/10)=0)Dis0=14;elseDis0=hour/10;Dis1=hour%10;Dis3=minute/10;Dis4=m

31、inute%10;if(second%10)%2)Dis2=14;elseDis2=10;else if(disdate=1)/月、日显示Dis0=month/10;Dis1=month%10;Dis3=day/10;Dis4=day%10;Dis2=20;else if(disyear=1)/年显示Dis0=2;Dis1=0;Dis2=year/10;Dis3=year%10;Dis4=17;else if(distweek=1)/星期显示Dis0=18;Dis1=19;Dis2=14;Dis3=14;Dis4=week%10;else if(diswendu=1)/显示温度if(fg=0)

32、Dis0=20;elseDis0=sdata/10;Dis1=sdata%10;Dis2=21;Dis3=xiaoshu1;Dis4=22;else if(settime=1)/设定时间显示、秒不闪动 if(hour/10)=0)Dis0=14;elseDis0=hour/10;Dis1=hour%10;Dis3=minute/10;Dis4=minute%10;Dis2=10;else if(setalarm=1)/设定闹钟时分 if(alarm_hh/10)=0)Dis0=14;elseDis0=alarm_hh/10; Dis1=alarm_hh%10;Dis3=alarm_ss/10;

33、Dis4=alarm_ss%10;Dis2=10;else if(setdate=1)/月、日显示 Dis0=month/10;Dis1=month%10;Dis3=day/10;Dis4=day%10;Dis2=20;else if(setyear=1)/年显示 Dis0=2;Dis1=0;Dis2=year/10;Dis3=year%10;Dis4=17;else if(setweek=1)/星期显示 Dis0=18;Dis1=19;Dis2=14;Dis3=14;Dis4=week%10;/* 函数名： DisProcess* 功能描述：装载显示数据*/void DisProcess()

34、unsigned char i,j;for(i=0;i<5;i+)for(j=0;j<7;j+)DisTempij=fontDisij;for(i=0;i<7;i+)Disbuf0=DisTemp4i;Disbuf1=DisTemp3i;Disbuf2=DisTemp2i;Disbuf3=DisTemp1i;Disbuf4=DisTemp0i;Disbuftempi=Disbuf0<<24|Disbuf1<<18|Disbuf2<<12|Disbuf3<<6|Disbuf4;/* 函数名： KeyCheck* 功能描述：*/vo

35、id KeyCheck()if(KEY_1=0)DisPlay();if(KEY_1=0)keyvalue=1;for(i=0;i<1000;i+)BEEP = 0;while(KEY_1=0)DisPlay();if(KEY_2=0)DisPlay();if(KEY_2=0)keyvalue=2;for(i=0;i<1000;i+)BEEP = 0;while(KEY_2=0)DisPlay();if(KEY_3=0)DisPlay();if(KEY_3=0)keyvalue=3;for(i=0;i<1000;i+)BEEP = 0;while(KEY_3=0)DisPla

36、y();/* 函数名： KeyProcess* 功能描述：*/void KeyProcess()if(keyvalue=3)if(distime)/转换设置年distime=0;disdate=0;disyear=0;distweek=0;diswendu=0;setyear=1;setdate=0;setweek=0;settime=0;setalarm=0;TR0=0;StopTime();/停止时钟 else if(setyear)/转换设置月、日 distime=0;disdate=0;disyear=0;distweek=0;diswendu=0;setyear=0;setdate=

37、1;setweek=0;settime=0;setalarm=0;else if(setdate)/转换设置星期 distime=0;disdate=0;disyear=0;distweek=0;diswendu=0;setyear=0;setdate=0;setweek=1;settime=0;setalarm=0;else if(setweek)/转换设置时间 distime=0;disdate=0;disyear=0;distweek=0;diswendu=0;setyear=0;setdate=0;setweek=0;settime=1;setalarm=0;else if(setti

38、me)/转换设置闹钟 distime=0;disdate=0;disyear=0;distweek=0;diswendu=0;setyear=0;setdate=0;setweek=0;settime=0;setalarm=1;else if(setalarm)/转换显示时间 distime=1;disdate=0;disyear=0;distweek=0;diswendu=0;setyear=0;setdate=0;setweek=0;settime=0;setalarm=0;TR0=1;/ StartTime();/启动时钟 keyvalue=0;else if(keyvalue=1&am

39、p;&settime=1) Set(2,0);keyvalue=0;else if(keyvalue=2&&settime=1) Set(1,0);keyvalue=0;else if(keyvalue=1&&setdate=1) Set(4,0);keyvalue=0;else if(keyvalue=2&&setdate=1)Set(3,0);keyvalue=0;else if(keyvalue=1&&setyear=1)Set(6,0);keyvalue=0;else if(keyvalue=2&&setyear=1)Set(6,1);keyvalue=0;else if(keyvalue=1&&setweek=1)Set(5,0);keyvalue=0;else if(keyvalue=2&&setweek=1)Set(5,1);keyvalue=0;else if(keyvalue=1&&setalarm=1)Set(8,0);keyvalue=0;else if(keyvalue=2&&setalarm=1