GRE考试逻辑题分析

1、 智 课 网 G R E 备 考 资 料 GRE考试逻辑题分析GRE除了玩弄单词的游戏以外,也玩弄逻辑的游戏。“让步逻辑”遍布GRE语文的各个部分。以阅读为例,其中的文章词汇量大,句子复杂,涉及美国人行文的许多逻辑,包括以“让步语气”出现的“让步逻辑”。例如,作者以强调的语气表达本不用强调的内容时,表示让步,说明这不是作者真正想说的内容,后面通常会做转折,表达作者真正要说的东西。请看下文:At least so argues E. Pessen in his iconoclastic study of the very rich in the United States between1825

2、 and 1850.Pessen does present a quantity of examples, together with some refreshingly intelligible statistics, to establish the existence of an inordinately wealthy class Although these observations are true, Pessen overestimates their importance by concluding from them thatand that 上文的第一段指出:“至少,E&#

3、183;佩森(P在其对1825至1850年间的美国巨富进行的打破传统的研究中就是这么论述的。”由“打破传统的( iconoclastic”一词,可知作者对于P持正评价。第二段对Pessen(P的观点进行解释。段首指出:“佩森确实(does 列举了大量的实例,连同一些令人耳目一新、清晰易懂的统计数字,从而证实了当时存在一个极度富有的阶层。” 注意句中的does这个助动词,它在这里表示强调时不是真强调,是让步,预示后文有转折:转向对P的一个方面的批评。 后面的although提示将出现转折,后半句中的转折与段落开始的让步相呼应:“尽管(although佩森观察到的这些现象确凿无误,但他过高估计了它

4、们的重要性,因为他从中得出以下两个结论”由此可见,作者对P基本上持正评价,但也指出他的不足之处:结论有些绝对化。又如,Roger Rosenblatts book Black Fiction, in attempting to apply literary rather than sociopolitical criteria to its subject, successfully alters the approach taken by most previous studies Black Fiction does leave some aesthetic questions open.

5、 Rosenblatts thematic analysis permits considerable objectivity; he even explicitly states that it is not his intention to judge the merit of the various worksyet his reluctance seems misplaced, especially since an attempt to appraise might have led to interesting resultsIn spite of such omissions,

6、what Rosenblatt does include in his discussion makes for an astute and worthwhile study文章首句指出:“罗杰·罗森布拉特(R R的著作黑人小说(B F ,试图运用文学的而不是社会政治的标准来研究其题材,结果成功地改变了以前大多数研究所采用的方法。”由此可见作者对RR持正评价。首句是一个结论,有结论就有解释,那么本文的结构属于结论解释型。第四段首句指出:“黑人小说对某些美学问题确实未作回答。”注意这句话中的does表示让步,因为作者在文章首句的结论中已经对RR持正评价,所以不可能将他全部否定。有让步就

7、有转折,注意后文的转折。第二句开始解释RR的缺点:“罗森布拉特的主题分析体现出相当大的客观性;他甚至还直言不讳地声称,自己无意对各种作品的优劣做出评判然而,他的这种不情愿似乎显得不合时宜,尤其是因为假如他果真作出一番评判努力的话,就会带来某些饶有兴趣的结果”针对上一段开始部分的让步(指出RR的小缺点,这一段开始转折回到对RR的正评价上来:虽然存在这样的疏漏,但罗森布拉特在其探讨中确已涉及的内容足以成为一种精僻敏锐而又颇具价值的研究阅读中还有一种“让步逻辑”:文章中刚开始提到一个理论或现象时就使用“无疑”( no doubt, undoubtedly, without doubt的说法,也常常是

8、一种让步语气,后面会跟上一个转折词,引出相反的评价。The success of fluoride in combating dental decay is well established and, without a doubt, socially beneficial. However, fluoride's toxic properties have been known for a century. In humans excessive intake ( for adults, over 4 milligrams per day over many years can lead to skeletal fluorosis, a well-defined skeletal disorder, and in some plant species, fluoride is more toxic than ozone, sulfur dioxide, or pesticides。文章开始说“氟在抗牙腐蚀方面的功效是众所周知的,并且毫无疑问(without a doubt是有其社会益处的”,由without a doub