小升初名词专题及练习及易错题

1、名词一.教学内容1. 复习上节课的內容，巩固上节课的重难点2. 讲解新课内容A. 名词的定义名词是表示人、事、物、地点以及抽象概念的词Linda琳达 boy男孩 dog狗 table桌子 park 公园 Paris巴黎peace 和平 courage 勇气B. 名词的分类总的来说，英语中的名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词两类专人名、星期、月份、节日、Peter , Sonw White t Sunday , Apri 1 t Christmas Day t业城市、建筑、团体、机构China , London , the United Nations 联合国，名的名称等the Communist

2、Party of China 中国共产党词doctor 医生，teacher 老师，可数个体名词orange桔子，desk课桌普名集合名词police 警察，people 人民，fami ly 家庭，通名词army 军队 ,class 同学不time 时间fun玩笑，kindness善意，可idea 主意，knowledge 知识词数抽象名词名you th 青春 love 爱,词物质名词rice 大米，water 水，fire 火，air 空气C. 名词的数可数名词与不可数名词: 可数名词由单数变为复数形式，其构成方法分为规则和不规则两种可数名词复数变化规则一般名词复数构成法构成法例词一般情况

3、下，在名词单数形式的词尾加Sbook-books, day-days, desk-desks以-s, -x, -ch, -sh,结尾的名词，在词尾加esc1ass-classes, box-boxes, natch-matches, wish- wishes以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词，将y变成i后加es以元音字母+y结尾的名词，直接+scity-cities. country-countries, factory-factoriesboy-boys.key-keys,guy-guys以-f或-fe结尾的名词，一般将f或fe变成v后, 再加esleaf-1eaves, wifewives, li

4、fe- lives, thief-thieves, knife-knives, half-halves, shelf-shelves以辅音字母加。结尾的名词，一般在词尾加eshero-heroesf Negro-Negroest potato-potatoest tomato-1omatoes, zoo-zoos,radio-rodios,photo - photos名词复数的不规则变化某些名词的不规则复数形式构成法构成法例词变内部元音footfeet, manmentoothteeth, woman一women .policewoman一policewomen单复数同形fish-fish ,

5、deer-deer ,sheep-sheep .Chinese-Chin eseJapannese- Japanese, Swiss,yuan完全不规则child-chiIdren, mouse-mice, ox- oxen复合名词主要词改复数boy student- boys students含man和woman的前后两个词都改复数nuin doctor - men doctorswoman teacher - women teachers注：有些词只有复数形式（1） 某些通常以复数形式出现的名词。如：trousers glasses（眼镜）.shoes等。不可数名词：英文中的不可数名词不易

6、把握，我们不能按照汉语的思维去判断一个名词到底是可数还是不可数，因此， 对于不可数名词需要强化记忆，但总的来讲不可数名词是有规律的；物质名词和抽象名词是不可数名词，表示不可以计数的事物的名词叫不可数名词，一般不分单数和复数， 这类词通常不可以和不定冠词连接，也不可以加上基数词表示个数，因此，不可数名词要计量的话，就得 用单位词，学过的不可数名词有：news, paper, milk, orange （桔子汁） bread, chalk, truth, water, rice, work, housework, homework, luck, ink, meatf money , sugar g

7、rass ice 等等。1物质名词通常不可数液体 beer, blood, coffee, cream, honey, juice.mi lk, oi 1, tea,water,wine固体：breadbutter, cheese, ice, ice-cream,meat,beef, chicken, fish）气体：air, fog,smoke2抽象名词通常不可数adv i ce,anger,beauty f conf i dence,fun.happiness,health,information,love,peace,luck3总称的名词通常不可数总称名词（不可数）部分名词（可数）fur

8、niture （家具）chair,table,bedfruit （水果）apple,orange,bananajewelry （珠宝）ring（戒指），earring （耳环）necklace （项链）luggagebog（包）suitcase （手提箱）4不可数名词的度呈1）不可数名词前面不能加冠词a/an如：a water, a bread,an advice,a furniture2）不可数名词没有复数形式如:two waters.two breads, ten advices3）表示不可数名词的数量，可以借用疑词（单位词）来表示其量的概念；不同类型的不可数名词所使用的量词也不一样，一般

9、规则如下:修饰词例词短语用piece, bit修饰Advice/cake / chalk / ice /a piece of news,two pieces of的抽象名词，物质名meat / music / news / paper /news,severalpiecesof词work / sugar； a bit of bread / grass / news / trouble / wood/furniture/ information,furniture用bottle,cup,drop.glass修饰液体beer,blood,coffee,milk, tea,water,winesev

10、eral drops of blood, a glass of milk,two cups of coffeeE.名词的所有格名词中表示所有关系的形式叫名词所有格。在表示人或物品的所属关系时，就需要用到名词所有格。 所有格有两种形式：一种是- S格，即在名词后面加-S,多用来修饰有生命的东西；另一种是of格， 即在介词of后面加名词，多用来修饰没有生命的东西例如:Where is the teacher1 s office 中的 teachers 词。-s格情况改法例子一般情况名词的末尾加-SLily s room, the girlJ s father以-S结尾的复数名词名词的末尾加-Tea

11、chers * Day复数名词不以S结尾加S名词的末尾加-SChildres Day拥有东西时几个人共同拥有在最后一个人名加-SJim and Kate* s kite（两人共同拥有的）分别拥有在每个人名后加-SJim s and kate* s kite(各自拥有)表示店铺或某人的家所有格-S后面通常不出现它所修饰的名词，名词所有格直接表示具体的意义The barber* s 理发店The Whites怀特家(2) Of 格名词代表的事物是没有生命，常用of组成的短语表示所有格，如：the colour of the desk, a picture of a catt the first l

12、esson of this term名词考点分析：考点一：名词的复数例题写出下列单词的复数形式mouth boy Englishman wife story piano boxpotato考点二：名词的复数在句中的应用are yourA apple B books C pen2. This is a A women B man C men! There are some(sheep) and (fox) in the zoo.举一反三练习一 用所给单词的适当形式填空1. The(child) are talking to their teacher2. In the past,none of

13、the bus drivers were (woman)3. These are(boy) nameszl. They are(woman) doctors5. They are from (Japanese)二单词选择1. We areand we speakA Chinese,ChineseC China,Chinese2. Who s thatB Chinese ,ChinaD Chinese,ChineseHe s my brother.A man B woman C men D women3. Those girls areA Americans B an American C Am

14、ericas D American4. I want three and fourmilk,pleaseA bags,bottle B bag,bottle of C bags,bottle of D bags,bottles of5. I don, t have any , but I have someA apple,juice B apple,juices C apples,juice D apples,juices名词练习按要求写出下列单词的复数形式1 man2 woman3 banana4 bus5 child6 foot7 businessman8 sheep9 leaf10 di

15、sh11 pen12 deer13 baby14 map15 city16 box17 book18 class19 hero20 knife21 car22 fox23 watch24 library25 pear26 skirt27 shelf28 cinema29 eye30office31 tomato32 tooth33 radio34zoo下列名词有没有复数形式，有的请在横线上写出来，没有的请在横线上画1.mokey2. class3. cola4. shelf5.rice6. nurse7. peach8 library9.dog10. milk11. dress12. post

16、man13.tooth12. sister15. sheep16. cinema17.dish1& wall19. child20. bread选择正确的词填空1 Those hamburgers are(Tom-Tom s)2 Nina is at (grandma s,grandma),she went there yesterday.3 We have 16 new(light,lights)4 (The classroomJ s door,The door of the classroom) is broken.5 My friend Edward has three(child,ch

17、ildren)6 Do you like eating(rice,rices)7 There re 4(tea, cups of tea) on the desk8 How many(wolfs,wolves) are there9 I like (chicken,chickens) better than pork下列名词的正确形式填空。this(apple) No, it isn, tare these They are( orange)me(pencil )me some(egg),pleasethose your( shoe) Yes, they areshoes are( Tom)t

18、he big (orange) Linda s(T-shirt) is bigmany(fish) are there in the riverhave some new(hat)pig s(ear) are big选择题()1. The girls1are Lily and Lucy.A. nameB naniesC. names()2. Is that in English?A. a carB carC cars()3. How manycan you see?)4. I have three A. a sisterB sistersc.sister)5. One, two,three f

19、ive FiveA. monkeyB. monkeiesc.monkeys)6. Are you a9A. boyB bogsC pen)7. This is aA. boxB bagsC. boys)8. She is agoodA. teachersB. teacherc.boy)9. They areA. womanB womansc.women)10. There isonthe tableA. boxB. a boxC. boxes)11. There aretwoon the deskA. pencil-boxB. penci Is- boxc.pencil- boxes)12.

20、How manyare there in the roomA. girlsB.girlC.boyandgirls)13. There arefivein the classroomA. childrenB. childrensC.childs)lzl. They aren, t from the same A. faimilysB familiesC familyA. a classB. a English classC. China class()16. Are TomA. book)17. TheA. student)1& Those neA. shirtss ChinesenewB. b

21、ooksare in Room 304B. a studentare for you.B. skirtC. a bookC. studentsC. shoe)19. The has some nice pictures.A. boysB. teachersC. child)20. Theare singing in the houseA. womanB. womenC. man)21. Some are eating grass on the hil1A. sheepB. horesC cow)22 How many are there in the boxA. knifeB. knifesC

22、 knives)23.Whoseis itMaybe it sA. jackets, Tom sB. jacket, TomC. jacket, Tom s)24 Those are the booksA. teachersJB teachersC teacher)25. Therere a lot of children in the park onDay.A. ChildrenB. Children, sC. Childrens）26. It sbedroom A. Amy and Anna, sB Amy s and Anna sC Amy and Anna）27. That isdogA. Jack sB. Jack sC. Jack）28. coats are very niceA. Jim and Tim sB Jinf s and Tim sC. Jim and Tim）29. September 10th is A. Teacher s DayB. Teachers DayC Teachers Day根据中文提示补全句子1. When you feel headache, you must stay in bed and take some（药）2. My father likes collecting（邮票）.3. Many