广东省广州市六区2021届高三9月(月考)教学质量检测(一)英语试题(含答案和解析)

1、英语试题第8页（共10页）试卷类型：A绝密启用前2021届高三教学质量检测（一）试卷英语2020.09注意：1.本试卷共页，三大题，满分15。分。考试用时120分钟。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。正确粘贴条形码。3作答选择题时，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应答案的选项涂黑。4,非选择题的卷案必须写在答题卡各题目的指定区域内相应位善上；不准使用铅笔和 涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。5.考试结束后，考生上交答题卡。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AA

2、irplanes are known fbr “making” people sick. Fortunately, I've got the inside scoop on some practices that will keep you healthy on the plane and a head start on staying healthy during your travels.Start taking immunity support products BEFORE you begin your trip.Immunity support products come i

3、n a variety of forms. They are designed to prepare your body for physical stress by loading you up on the vitamins, minerals and antioxidants （抗氧化） that support great immune system ftmetioning.If your body is weak at the beginning of the trip, any germ or bacteria is going to have easy access to you

4、r system. Get those defenses in place a few days before travel and give your body the best chance to stay healthy.Antibacterial wipes are your best friend.Take a minute to think about that airplane. How many people are touching literally every surface with hands that have blocked a sneeze, been coug

5、hed into, held the handrail of the moving sidewalk?Take along plenty of individually wrapped antibacterial wipes and use them everywhere. Wipe down the armrests, the seat belt buckle, the tray table and the remote control fbr the in-flight entertainment.Wear slip-on shoes.Many articles instruct pass

6、engers to wear socks on the airplane fbr comfort. However, if you walk down the aisle in your socks, or even worse, use the restroom, the bottom of those socks arc going to pick up all kinds of dirt. So wear shoes when you move around on the plane! Let your shoes provide a barrier to whatever might

7、be lying on the floor.1. Why do planes easily make people sick according to the writer?A. People lack practice to keep fit.B. There are many bacteria on the plane.C. People have too much entertainment during the flight.D. People's immune system fails to work on the plane.2. How can we protect ou

8、rselves from getting sick on the plane?A. By wearing socks.B. By stopping feeling stressful.C. By blocking coughing with hands.D. By taking some supportive products.3. What's the best title for the passage?A. Advice on safetyB. A worthwhile tripC. Stay healthy on a flight D. Be careful of your f

9、lightBWhen Rachel Ratelie saw a news video of a burned koala trying to climb a tree to safety in fire-ravaged （火灾肆虐的）Australia, she decided to do something about it.She looked up wildlife rescue and relief agencies in Australia to find out what they needed most. Besides donations, many organizations

10、 asked for hand-sewn and knitted pouches （袋子） and wraps fbr koalas and other animals that were burned or had lost their homes and parents in the fires.This idea attracted Ratclle, but there was just one problem."Id never sewn in my life/' said Ratelle, 17, a senior at Rancho Buena Vista Hig

11、h School in Vista, US. "Giving money seemed like something too simple. But I wanted to directly help these animals by doing something myself, so I decided to learn how to sew7*Over the next few months, Ratelle bought her own sewing machine and taught herself how to sew via videos online. Then s

12、he bought 18 yards of fabric and sewed 25 pouches of different sizes and shipped them off' to Fir Australian Wildlife Needing Aid （FAWNA） , one of several relief organizations that have rushed to rescue koalas, kangaroos and other species suffering from bums.A week later, she received a photo fr

13、om FAWNA with a baby kangaroo in one of her larger pouches. uIt made me feel like I contributed to the world and it showed how a simple act of kindness can go a long way/ said Ratelie, who hopes to study biology for a future career as a nurse practitioner.“I plan to use my new sewing skills to help

14、animals and people devastated by natural disaster/* she said.Several craft union websites around the world have called for Australian relief by making the animal pouches. Karen Newberry and her two daughters Madison, 12 and Rochelle, 8, from San Diego also offered their help in such a way. For Newbe

15、rry, “It was a big push that made us crafters, sewers realize there's something more wc can do than just make things fbr ourselves,“ she said.4. What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about?A. What inspired Ratelie to learn to sew.B. What is needed to save koalas and other species.C. The p

16、oor living conditions of wild animals in Australia.D. Different ways to help koalas and other animals in Australia.5. How did Ratelie feel when she received a photo from FAWNA?A. Surprised. B. Calm. C. Proud. D. Moved.6. What does the underlined word “devastated" mean?A. Ruined B. Challenged C.

17、 Reduced D. Abandoned7. What do Newberry's words in the last paragraph suggest?A. People should stay united through difficult times.B. Life is not easy for crafters and sewers in Australia.C. It is challenging fbr crafters and sewers to do relief work.D. Crafters and sewers can do more to help a

18、nimals.cAs spring arrives, farmers around the world are making decisions about what crops to plant and how to manage them. In the U. S.，farmers typically have big data to help make these decisions.These data have a clear upside. They make farms more productive. In the U.S., the past five years have

19、seen a series of good harvests fbr both com and soybean. A big part is generated by eflectively using data to produce more food from the same amount of land, seed and fertilizer.In the poorer parts of the world, however, the picture is much different. Many farmers arc guided only by their history wi

20、th the land and their community's traditions. Their skills and knowledge are impressive, but they suffer from a poverty of data. They rely on technical advisors for advice from governments and academic centers who often have very little knowledge of the local area.For seeds and fertilizers and o

21、ther materials used in the field, they rely on companies that lack data on how their products will perform in the local conditions.About 10 years ago, East African officials and their development partners started to explore why so few smallholder dairy farmers made profits from growing demand from u

22、rban consumers. Surveys of farmers in the region suggested poor access to veterinary （禽 畜的）care and breeding assistance. An effort to provide these services has helped farmers get more milk.Data would matter little if farming was easy and the paths to productivity were obvious. But in reality, agric

23、ulture is a complex mix of many factors, including climate, biology, chemistry, physics, economics and cultureall of which vary from region to region. In this situation, good data is necessary.8. How has big data benefited American's farmers?A. By informing the fanners to plant crops earlier.B.

24、By helping make farms more productive.C. By increasing the amount of land for farming.D. By producing more seeds and fertilizer9. What do farmers in poor countries need to improve their farming?A. Farming skills.B. Technical guidance.C. Big data.D. Farming materials10. Why does the writer mention th

25、e case of East Africa?A. To show that East Africa relies heavily on diary farming.B. To illustrate cooperation between countries was a great success.C. To serve as an example of how data helps fanners in poor areas.D- To prove that city people in East Africa didn't like drinking milk.IL What can

26、 we learn from the passage?A. Many changeable factors have influence on farming.B. East African dairy farmers were experienced in raising cows.C. The American formers can't decide what they will plant.D. The technical advisors in poor areas know the local areas well.DSmile! It makes everyone in

27、the room feel better because they, consciously or unconsciously, are smiling with you. Growing evidence shows that an instinct for facial mimicry （模仿）allows us to experience other people's feelings. If we can't mirror another person's face, it limits our ability to read and properly reac

28、t to their expressions. A review of this emotional mirroring appears on February 11 in Trends in Cognitive Sciences.In their paper, Paula Nicdcnthal and Adrienne Wood, social psychologists at the University of Wisconsin, describe how people in social situations copy others9 facial expressions to cre

29、ate emotional responses in themselves. For example, if you're with a friend who looks sad, you might “try on" that sad face yourself without realizing you're doing so. In "trying on” your friend's expression, it helps you to recognize what they're feeling by connecting it w

30、ith times in the past when you made that expression. Humans get this emotional meaning from facial expressions in a matter of only a few hundred milliseconds.“You reflect on your emotional feelings and then you produce some sort of recognition judgment, and the most important thing that results in i

31、s that you take the appropriate action-you approach the person or you avoid the person/' Niedenthal says, “Your own emotional reaction to the face changes your understanding of how you see the face in such a way that provides you with more information about what it means.”A person's ability

32、to recognize and “share“ othersr emotions can be prevented when they caift mimic faces. This is a common complaint for people with motor diseases, like facial paralysis （瘫痪）from a stroke, or even due to nerv。damage from plastic surgery. Niedenthal notes that the same would not be true for people who

33、 suffer from birth, because if you've never had the ability to mimic facial expressions, you will have developed another ways of interpreting emotions.Niedenthal next wants to explore what part in the brain is functioning to help with facial expression recognition. A better understanding of that

34、 part, she says, will give us a better idea of how to treat related disorders.12. According to the passage, facial mimicry helps A. convey one's own feelings clearlyB. change others , emotions quicklyC. respond to others' expressions properlyD. develop friendship with others easily13. Which

35、parts explain how people copy others' facial expressions?A. Paragraph 1 and 2.B. Paragraph 2 and 3.C. Paragraph 3 and 4.D. Paragraph 4 and 5.14. According to Niedenthal, what will be the next focus of the study?A. When is the best time to treat brain disorders.B. How many kinds of facial express

36、ions people have.C. How our brain helps us with emotional mirroring.D. What part in the brain helps recognize facial expressions.15. What is the purpose of writing the passage?A. To discuss why people like smiling to others.B. To draw people's attention to those with motor diseases.C. To introdu

37、ce a new trend in facial expression recognition.D To explain how people mirror others' facial expressions.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。On June 9, 1870, Charles Dickens died at the age of 58. The next day, a headline in The New York Times read: "Death of

38、 the Great Novelist. Mourned by the People of Two Continents.n16 Even today, the British novelist is loved by readers all over the world. Dickens created some of the most unforgettable characters in English literature. You must have heard of or even read some of his novels: Oliver Twist, A Christmas

39、 Carol and A Tale of Two Cities.17 Since 1897, there have been more than 300 film and television adaptations of Dickens' works.Natalie McKnight is a literature professor who studies Dickens and his works. 18 One important reason, she says, is that Dickens wrote from his heart. He tried hard to p

40、roduce emotional effects among his readers. A Christmas Carol, for example, was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society. People always enjoy works that make them laugh out loud, cry and think. Many other 19th century novelists wrote entertaining wor

41、ks. 19Dickens wrote about situations and emotions that still interest people today. He used his pen to fight social inequality and gave voice to the poor. 20This coming June marks the 150th year of Dickens' death. It's another chance to remember this great writer. Will you read (or re-read)

42、some of his most famous works?A. Dickens' novels have enriched English literature.B. A Tale of Two Cities has sold more than 200 million copies.C His works led to many important social changes.D. However few of them worked as hard as Dickens to attract readers* minds.E. The headline was not over

43、stating the fame of Dickens.F. Their works became the best sellers of that time.G. She explains why the novelist has remained so popular.第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My family lived about a mile from the Bertram Woods Library

44、. Throughout my childhood, my mother drove me there several times a week.Our visits were never 21 enough for me-1 loved wandering around the 22,scanning the spines （书脊）of the books until something happened to 23 my eye.I might have spent the rest of my life 24 libraries the way I viewed, say, the am

45、usement park 1 went to as a kid. But （hen the 25 feeling came back into my life 26.One day after we moved to Los Angeles in 2011, my son wanted to interview a 27 for his school assignment. So we went to the 28 library.As we drove over to meet the librarian, I 29 a memory of this similar journey in m

46、y pastanother parent and child on their way to the library. The 30 didn't look anything like the Bertram Woods, but when we 31 inside, a shock of recognition 32 me. Decades had passed, but I really felt as if I had returned to that time and place, walking into the library with my mother. 33 had

47、changed. There was the same soft sound of pencil on paper, and the murmuring of people 34 at the tables in the center of the room. The wooden checkout counters, the librarians' desks, the bulletin board, were all the same.It wasn't that time 35 in the library. It was as if it had been captur

48、ed here, or collected. A library, for mg is a gathering pool of stories and of the people who come to find them.21. A. longB. easyC. boringD. interesting22. A. roomsB. streetsC. shelvesD. tables23. A. fillB. catchC. openD. block24. A. wandering aroundB. thinking aboutC. talking aboutD. looking for25

49、. A. familiarB. excitingC- funnyD. warm26. A. unexpectedlyB. uncomfortablyC. exactlyD. finally27. A. professorB. teacherC. booksellerD. librarian28. A. newestB closestC. prettiestD. quietest29. A. lostB. sharedC enjoyedD. experienced30. A. schoolB. buildingC. desksD. books31. A. lookedB. droveC. ste

50、ppedD.read32. A. struckB. disappointedC, defeatedD. woke33. A. Everybody34. A. working35. A. travelledB. EverythingB. sittingB. flewC. Nobody C playing C. stoppedD. NothingD. eatingD. changed第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。On a quiet morning, about 70 people were practicing

51、the ancient art of tai chi, outside of the library in Salt Lake City, Utah. They are not 36 well-trained group of exercisers, but rather a class of participants who are 37 (most) homeless. The class focuses 38 (little) on mastering the exercise and more on 39 (build) a community. People have said th

52、e class relieves their stress, encourages them to get into a routine and make new friends.Bernie and Marita Hart, a 40 (retire) couple, began to run the free program three years ago. They started it by approaching homeless people 41 were pushing grocerycarts near the Salt Lake City Public Library an

53、d inviting them to try 42, Hart said herfavorite part of the program has been watching the friendships among participants. They love seeing the positive impact the class 43 (have) on people's lives.When the Harts are out of town, tai chi does not stop. Attendees take turns teaching the classes.“

54、Homeless people 44 (tell) what to do every place they go, but we want to encourage them to be 45 (leader) J Bernie Hart said. "They don't need sympathy, they need something that works.”第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)针对校园浪费粮食的现象，学校将举行以“节约粮食”为主题的倡议活动。假定你是 学生会主席，请你代表学生会给全体同学写一封倡议书，内容如下：1 .

55、活动的意义；2 .具体的做法；3 .呼吁从我做起，节约福食。 注意：1 .写作词数应为80左右；2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear fellow students,The Students' Union第二节读后续写(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。“Missy," I cried to my wifb, “did you put the banana skin on my desk?" "No, honey, Meghan probably did J As I'd feare

56、d, she had missed my real purpose of the question which was to make it clear to her that she hadn't done her job: defend my desk against the invader-our naughty girL I abandoned the conversation.I sat here at the desk, and stared at the screen. I waited patiently for ideas to come to me, exam qu

57、estions for a test I would give my English students. My wife was off to a reunion somewhere, but I was not alone. Meghan, our 22-month-old daughter, kept me company. Yet her plans that day seemed to go against mine.She followed a daily routine that was both time-consuming and challenging. It include

58、d certain basic tasks: watching the fish, sweeping the carpet in her room, climbing up and down her bed.At first 1 could concentrate on designing my test paper But I was soon sidetracke<l(分心的). I had not counted on the arrival of the “bib-bibs” ("Bib-bibs" were birds). “Bib-bibs, bib-bi

59、bs!” Meghan screamed excitedly, her eyes alive with expectation. She insisted that 1 go with her to the window.“In a second, just let me finish this question/ I said. She pulled me by the hand (two fingers, actually) toward the window. I saw myself as a fool, being led to watch the bib-bibs. And we did watch them. They