![Chapter 8 对比分析和难度等级_第1页](http://file3.renrendoc.com/fileroot_temp3/2022-2/6/142b1c46-501b-47a6-9c31-51df6afc4caf/142b1c46-501b-47a6-9c31-51df6afc4caf1.gif)
![Chapter 8 对比分析和难度等级_第2页](http://file3.renrendoc.com/fileroot_temp3/2022-2/6/142b1c46-501b-47a6-9c31-51df6afc4caf/142b1c46-501b-47a6-9c31-51df6afc4caf2.gif)
![Chapter 8 对比分析和难度等级_第3页](http://file3.renrendoc.com/fileroot_temp3/2022-2/6/142b1c46-501b-47a6-9c31-51df6afc4caf/142b1c46-501b-47a6-9c31-51df6afc4caf3.gif)
![Chapter 8 对比分析和难度等级_第4页](http://file3.renrendoc.com/fileroot_temp3/2022-2/6/142b1c46-501b-47a6-9c31-51df6afc4caf/142b1c46-501b-47a6-9c31-51df6afc4caf4.gif)
![Chapter 8 对比分析和难度等级_第5页](http://file3.renrendoc.com/fileroot_temp3/2022-2/6/142b1c46-501b-47a6-9c31-51df6afc4caf/142b1c46-501b-47a6-9c31-51df6afc4caf5.gif)
版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领
文档简介
1、Chapter 8Contrastive Analysis, Interlanguage, and Error AnalysisThe Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH) 01020304Contrastive AnalysisHierarchy of Difficulty Moderating the Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis Markedness and Universal Grammer Definition of Contrastive AnalysisContrastive analysisContrast
2、ive analysis is the systematic study of a pair of languages with a view to identifying their structural differences and similarities. Historically it has been used to establish language genealogies. -From WikipediaDefinition of Contrastive AnalysisContrastive analysis was used extensively in the fie
3、ld of second language acquisition in the 1960s and early 1970s, explaining why some features of a target language were more difficult to acquire than others. Therefore, the difficulty in mastering certain structures in a second language (L2) depended on the difference between the learners mother lan
4、guage (L1) and the language they were trying to learn.The Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH)The Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH)The CAH claimed that:the principal barrier to second language acquisition is the interference of the first language system with the second language system;a scienti
5、fic, structural analysis of the two language in question would yield a taxonomy of linguistic contrasts between L1 and L2;the taxonomy of linguistic contrasts enable the linguist to predict the difficulties a learner would encounter.The Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH)The Contrastive Analysis H
6、ypothesis (CAH)Theoretical basis of CAH:Behavioristic ApproachAStructuralist ApproachBThe CAH was considered feasible tools of structural linguistics.Human behavior is the sum of its smallest parts and components.The Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH)The Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH)Such
7、as Friess slot-filler grammar (1952), the CAH, the tools of structural linguistics would enable a linguist to describe accurately the two language in question, and to match those two descriptions against each other to determine valid contrasts, or difference.Behaviorism contributed to CAH that human
8、 behavior is the sum of its smallest parts and components, and that language learning could be described as the acquisition of all of these discrete units.The Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH)The Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH)The CAH has appeal in that we commonly observe in second langua
9、ge learners a plethora of errors attributable to the negative transfer of the native language to the target language.How can we infer where the learner comes from?How do people interpret “interfering” elements of learning with human learning theories?No interference could be predictd, no difficulty
10、would be experiencedsince one could transfer positively all other items in a language.Human learning theoriesThe Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH)The Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH)The logical conclusion was that: second language learning basically involved the overcoming of the difference
11、s between the two linguistic systems-the native and target languages.Charles FriesRobert LadoRepresentative of CAHRobert Lados Linguistics Across Cultures (1957), Lado claimed that those elements which are similar to the learners native language will be simple for him, and those elements that are di
12、fferent will be difficult. Robert Lados Linguistics Across Cultures (1957), Lado claimed that:Randal Whitman(1970) noted -Randal Whitman(1970) noted -Contrastive analysis involved four different procedures: Second:selectionFirst: descriptionThird:contrastFourth:predictionHierarchy of DifficultyHiera
13、rchy of DifficultyStockwell, Bowen, and Martin(1965), who proposed what they called a hierarchy of difficulty.For phonological systemFor grammaticalstructuresEight possible degrees of difficulty based on .16 levels of diffculty based on.Hierarchy of DifficultyHierarchy of DifficultyClifford Prator(1
14、967) captured the essence of this grammatical hierarchy in six categories of difficulty.Prators hierarchy is applicable to both grammatical and phonological features of language. Clifford Prator (1967) Hierarchy of DifficultyHierarchy of DifficultyHierarchy of DifficultyHierarchy of DifficultyHierar
15、chy of DifficultyHierarchy of DifficultyHierarchy of DifficultyHierarchy of DifficultyHierarchy of DifficultyHierarchy of DifficultyHierarchy of DifficultyHierarchy of DifficultyHierarchy of DifficultyHierarchy of DifficultyConclusionConclusionPrators reinterpretation, and Stockwell and his associates original
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
最新文档
- 计算机教育实习心得
- 委托代付农民工工资申请书(联系单)
- 无机结合料稳定材料单轴压缩弹性模量测试方法-地方标准编制说明
- 《纯钛型材》编制说明(送审稿)
- 未成年人预防犯罪法制教育
- 中国脑血管病一级预防指南
- 离心泵的构造工作原理与应用以及故障处理方法
- 班级文化建设评比活动总结
- 幼儿园大班语言活动《有趣的汉字》课件
- 工矿有轨专用车辆(窄轨机车车辆)项目效益评估报告
- 2024年春季国家开放大学电大终结性考试试题及答案理论联系实际如何保证全面深化改革开放的正确方向
- MOOC 云计算与大数据-南京邮电大学 中国大学慕课答案
- MOOC 临床药理学-徐州医科大学 中国大学慕课答案
- MOOC 跨文化交际入门-华中师范大学 中国大学慕课答案
- 货币银行学(上海对外经贸大学)智慧树知到期末考试答案2024年
- 2023宿迁地生中考试卷
- 文化建设的关系和作用
- 松原市七年级道德与法治下册 第三单元 在集体中成长 第六课“我”和“我们”第2框《集体生活成就我》说课稿 新人教版
- ChemDraw教程(详解)(经典实用)
- 兽医药理学:-《兽医药理学》复习整理
- 新桥煤矿北四轨道运输下山机电设备回撤施工安全技术措施
评论
0/150
提交评论