英语版中美文化差异PPT

1、 Let s learn together !Let s learn together ! The Spring Festival falls on the 1st day of the 1st lunar month, often one month later than the Gregorian calendar. It originated in the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600 BC-c. 1100 BC) from the peoples sacrifice to gods and ancestors at the end of an old year and

2、the beginning of a new one. Strictly speaking, the Spring Festival starts every year in the early days of the 12th lunar month and will last till the mid 1st lunar month of the next year. Of them, the most important days are Spring Festival Eve and the first three days. The Chinese government now st

3、ipulates people have seven days off for the Chinese Lunar New Year. Many customs accompany the Spring Festival. Some are still followed today, but others have weakened.Before the New Year comes, the people completely clean the indoors and outdoors of their homes as well as their clothes, bedclothes

4、and all their utensils. Then people begin decorating their clean rooms featuring an atmosphere of rejoicing and festivity. All the door panels will be pasted with Spring Festival couplets, highlighting Chinese calligraphy with black characters on red paper. The content varies from house owners wishe

5、s for a bright future to good luck for the New Year. Also, pictures of the god of doors and wealth will be posted on front doors to ward off evil spirits and welcome peace and abundance. The Chinese character fu (meaning blessing or happiness) is a must. The character put on paper can be pasted norm

6、ally or upside down, for in Chinese the reversed fu is homophonic with fu comes, both being pronounced as fudaole. Whats more, two big red lanterns can be raised on both sides of the front door. Red paper-cuttings can be seen on window glass and brightly colored New Year paintings with auspicious me

7、anings may be put on the wall. The ways of taking care of children are differentThe ways of taking care of children are different In the US, children are more independentThey know what to be at an early ageAnd plan carefully to achieve the goalsIn China,Parents usually prepare everything for usWhat

8、we should do is to accept without any doubtWhich means respect Confucius Lao ZiShakyamuniConfucianismTaoismBuddhism Confucius Confucianism (儒家; pinyin: Rji) is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system developed from the teachings of Confucius (Kng Fz, lit. Master Kong, 551478 BC). It is a complex

9、system of moral, social, political, philosophical, and quasi-religious thought that has had tremendous influence on the culture and history of East Asia. The basic clou of Confucianism stresses the importance of the individual moral development, so that the state can be governed by moral virtue rath

10、er than by the laws.Golden mean (philosophy): the felicitous middle between the extremes of excess and deficiency “ Rid the two ends, take the middle one.”Relationships are central to Confucianism. Particular duties arise from ones special situation in relation to others.Ren 仁 (benevolence, love) &a

11、mp; Li 礼 (rites)-respect for the system of social hierarchy. Lao Zi Laozi (老子; pinyin: Loz;) was a philosopher of China around 6th century B.C. and is a central figure in Taoism. Laozi literally means Old Master and is generally considered an honorific. Taoism is the Chinese religion which believes

12、in ghosts and spirits. It emphasized cooperation with the natural forces.Wu wei (无为; pinyin: wwi) is a central concept in Taoism. The literal meaning of wu wei is without action. It is often expressed by the paradox wei wu wei, meaning action without action or effortless doing.剪纸Paper cutting is one

13、 of Chinese most popular traditional folk arts.The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red ,which symbolizes health and prosperityChristmastreesOn the Christmas tree decorations and gifts, a symbol of auspiciousness The Christmas tree is a part of the Christmas celebration The Palace Muse

14、umIt reflects Feudal ritual, reflects a king of supreme authority. Foreign construction embodies the feature of religion DifferentCultureDifferentTimeconsciousLead to一位美国教授来华任教，她主动让学生称呼她的名字Mary，声明不必以她的姓氏与头衔相称，如：Dr. Smith或Prof. Smith。不久，她和学生已相处很好，上门找她的学生络绎不绝，使她应接不暇，倍受侵扰。有的学生见面时，与她开玩笑说：“中国菜好吃吧？瞧你胖了不少呢

15、！”在路上，一些陌生人也对她大大咧咧地喊声“Hello, Mary。”她渐渐地苦恼起来。 文化差异文化差异：在美国，教授对学生，老板对雇员，甚至长辈对晚辈,常常主动要求以名相称，以示关系随和。但这是在他/她本人允许的前提下，而且是表面形式而已。如果素昧平生，毫无往来，或只是初打交道，冒然称呼对方的名字，会给人“冒失鬼”、“粗鲁汉”的印象。另外，对方平等待人、不拘身份，不等于可以让人肆无忌惮，无拘无束，没大没小。相处时，嘴巴上以名相称，心中仍应记住对方的身份。在一些庄重场合，例如：老师和校长在一起时，学生对老师不能象往常那样直呼其名，必须以“某某教授”或“某博士”相称。英美人即使当关系变得很熟悉

16、时，仍然不会亲密“无间”。他们对各自的隐私领地会保持距离。隐私包括私人时间、住所、物品、年龄、体重、长相等等。在上面的例子中，中国学生犯了三个忌：随处叫名、随时上门、随便评论体重。所以美国老师很不习惯。 特别忠告：称呼和上门要得到对方允许，交谈不要论及对方隐私 In China, the surname comes first and then the given name.While westerners names are written and spoken with the given name first and the family name last. In a formal s

17、etting, westerners address men as Mister (Mr), married women as Misses (Mrs.), and unmarried women as Miss ( Ms.). These days many women prefer to be addressed using the abbreviations Ms. , pronounced miz.In an informal situation,westerners will introduce each other by first name, without titles, an

18、d occasionally by just the last name. Chinese use “title +surname” to address their superior or elders rather than call them surnames, while the superior or elders call the addressers their names. otherwise, the addresser may be considered as ill mannered, ill educated or rude. In west, Although the

19、y are different in age and status, they can call the other directly, namely, their names, even first names .They demonstrate the sense of intimacy and the conception of” Everyone is created equal”Differences in EducationDifferences in EducationBetween China and AmericaBetween China and AmericaIf Chi

20、nas children get a bad report card, he will receive pressure from all side . In the United States,however,each students report card is private goods，and parents do not give the child too much pressure. Score in the hearts of adults is much less important than ability . The majority of Chinese studen

21、ts is aimed at “high.” 对中国孩子来说,一份不好的成绩单会使他收到来自各方压力.然而在美国,每个学生年终的成绩单都是私人的物品.家长方面也不会给孩子施加过多的压力.分数在大人心中比能力要差得远.而中国大部分学生的目的是高分Attitudetowardsdifferentresults Chinese primary education is for childrens intellectual development, and a high point is childrens main goal; in the United States, there is only

22、one primary purpose: to cultivate childrens creativity. 中国初等教育将开发孩子的智力,孩子高分看成首要目标;而在美国,初等教育的目的只有一个:培养孩子的创造力TheprimarygoalofteachingHow To React If Children Are Wrong ?ByTelling them stories and playing with themTo let them learn right from wrong?OrYelling at them and using physical punishment?Americ

23、ans choose the formerChinese choose the latter Sitting straightlySitting straightly Listening quietlyListening quietly Taking notes quicklyTaking notes quickly Talking freelyTalking freely . . Think livelyThink lively Discuss enthusiasticallyDiscuss enthusiasticallyWhen were buried When were buried

24、in the ocean of paper in the ocean of paper to pass the collage entrance to pass the collage entrance examexamTheyre enjoying Theyre enjoying themselves on the themselves on the way to successway to success .SummaryFavorable impact(有利影响） Role in promoting（促进作用）2. Reference（借鉴作用）Role in promoting（促进作用）It can promote a better understanding of the center of our cultural differences, for better communi