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1、改错第一部分:短文改错题特征一. 它与单句改错的不同之处有两点:第一,短文改错是将错误放在短文之中,这就使考生需要在短文所 提供的语境下考虑各句中的错误。很有可能出现下面的情况,即从一个句子本身来看,没有错误,而从上下文看来,句子中某个部分是错的。这种错误往往是上下文连贯性和行文逻辑方面的错误,如使用连接词 不恰当,人称代词的阳性、阴性错误等。第二,单句改错题每句中必有一个错误,二短文改错中可能有的 题中没有错误,这样就增加了答题难度。短文改错试题主要是检测考生对语篇的语言的评价能力。也就是说考生一边写文,一边还要评价自己:组 句是否正确,选词是否合理,语言形式是否一致,行文细节是否严谨等等。

2、短文改错主要特点为:1. 语言材料取自于学生的作品;2. 短文为常见话题或学生身边事;3. 短文难度符合学生水平;4. 语言简单易懂;5. 没有生僻的语言现象或繁难的语句结构。纵观全国15份高考试卷,可以看出出题人考虑到短文改错还属于难度系数较大的题型,所以在文章的选 择上尽量降低难度,多数短文好像是一位高中生自己写的一篇作文,话题比较熟悉,错误多为学生在平时 写作中易犯的错误。短文改错考查能力主要为:1) 识别错误并准确校正错误的能力;2) 综合运用英语知识的能力;3) 准确理解语篇,掌握内容及行文逻辑的能力。例如全国一卷:短文文体为书信,学生作品,符合考纲要求。考查点的设计为学生常见错误,

3、不仅注意语 法或词的错误,还注意考查学生在理解语篇意义的基础上纠错的能力。二、短文改错中错误的基本类型短文改错中错误可以分为两大类型:语法错误和逻辑错误。大多数是语法错误,少数是逻辑错误。语法错误又分为词法错误和句法错误。句法中的错误主要注意特殊句型,复合句以及倒装句等。二、短文改错的考査内容错误包括词法、句法、语篇结构、行文逻辑等;涉及名词、冠词、连词、介词、形容词、副词、代词、动 词时态、非谓语动词等。近年来命题也有新的特点:1. 考查的都是考生平时学习中常见的并且易犯的错误;2. 加了干扰项的难度,并多次出现负干扰;3. 加强了对常见的习惯用语的考查;4. 测试层次增多,可涵盖知识、领会

4、、运用、分析、综合及评价诸方面。5. 错误大多出现在句子层面,涉及段落上下文的每年最多只有1-3处(包括时态及行文逻辑)。6. 1999年以前句子结构相对简单,多为简单句或并列句,近年复合句有上升趋势(2000年以来已超过3句)。7. 考查体现学科特点的语言知识体现学科特点的语言知识是指英语在交际过程中特有的现象。如动词的各种变化形式、名词的单复数变化形式、代词阳口形式 形容诃的各种变化形式等。(1) 名词:单复数用错,可数与不可数名词的混用。单复数互改是高考英语改错题的基本题型之一,改动的依据有:一是根据名词前的修饰限定成份;二是根据上下文的逻辑关系。(1) They were eager

5、to know everything about China and asked me lots of question . questions (1996. 94)(2) We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics . subjects (1997. 91)(3) We practise three times every week and often watch football match on TV together . matches (1998. 88)(4) She said

6、that she and my schoolmate all wished me success, but. schoolmates (2000. 77)(5) . . .; they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that ni get good marks in all my subject subjects (2001 . 81)(6) On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful . pictures (2002. 82

7、)(2) 动词:时态和语态,常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时中间杂有另一时态的现象;或是及物动词后 无宾语,或是不及物动词后加了宾语;接从句需要用虚拟语气的没有用,需要接ing形式的接了 to,或相反1动词时态从过去6年的高考英语改错题来看,每年都有时态错误的小题,而且改动基本集中在一般过去时与一般现 在时之间。时态的更改要以上下文的主体时态为依据。(1) They offered me coffee and other drinks . We have a good time talking and laughing together.had (1996. 92)(2) Dear Bob ,H

8、ello . I learn about you from my English teacher Miss Fang . learned (1997. 86)(3) My favorite sport is football . I was a member of our school football team .am (1998. 86)(4) I am happy with any programme but the others spent a lot time arguing . .was (1999. 92)(5) I remembered her words and calm d

9、own. calmed (2000 . 83)(6) They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that . . . do (2001 . 79)(7) The time passes quickly . Evening came . passed (2002 . 82(3) 形容词副词:混用。常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反。关系副词where, when, why等的错用, 如受介词+关系代词”的影响而多加了不必要的介词等。(4) 介词;

10、主要是介词的多余或缺失,错用。这一部分需要平时多多积累,弄清常用介词的固定搭配。(5) 主谓一致性;如第三人称单数漏掉 s,或主语为复数,谓语动词用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的 影响。(6) 冠词:英语中冠词只有三个,从高考英语改错题的角度来看,只能从以下几个方向出题:1)不定冠词a和an互改;2)不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改;3)根据需要增删冠词。定冠词the的多余或缺失,如季节,月份,星期,球类及三餐活动,称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了 the,或是same等常和the一起使用的词却漏税掉了the; a, an的混用,注意,判断一个词的前面加a还是an不是看其首字母是不是元音字

11、母,而是看首字母的发音是不是元音,如an hour, an hon est boy,其首字母不是元音字母,但其发音却是以元音素开始,故用an,而 a useful book ,a university, a European, a one-hour trip,虽然以元音字母开始,但却读作辅音音素的音,故用aan (1996. 87)the (1998. 94)a (注:旦为需删去的词)(2000. 81)(1) Today I visited the Smiths my first visit to a_American family .(2) Each player must obey A

12、captain, who is the leader of the team .(3) Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd .(4) We may be one family and live under a_same roof , but . . .the (2001. 82)(5) As every one knows , it's A famous mountain with all kinds of pla nts and ani mals . a (2002 . 76)(7) 数词:主要是

13、序数词与基数词的混用和错用,如分数的分子大于一时分母没有用复数等,电数基数词的复数形式如几百hundreds of,几千thousands of漏掉了 s,或是当其前有具体数字或several时加了复数,女口 seven hundred,写作 seven hundreds.(8) 连词:如需转折连词(如but)的时候用了承接连词(so),或相反词性的混淆;同义词辨异;连词连接的前后两部分是否合乎逻辑;并列连词所连接的前后两部分结构是否等同。这两点是解答与连词 及其相关问题的高考英语改错题的关键所在。(1) It was very kind of them to meet me at the s

14、tation and drove me to their home . drive (1996 . 89)(2) Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit. gives (1998 . 90)(3) She was smiling but nodding at me . and (2000 . 82)(4) I remembered her words and clam down. calmed (2000 .

15、83)(5) It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest . or (2001. 84)(6) The food was expensive and the service was good . but ( 2002 . 80)(7) As we climbed the moun tai n , we fed mon keys, visit ing temples and told stories . visited (2002 . 83)(9) 代词:主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词,单数用了复数代词或相

16、反;应当用形容 词性的物主代词用了宾格,主格或相反,关系代词的错用。如只能用that引导的用了其它,或在不能用that的地方却用了 that,或是在介词+关系代词”结构中漏掉了介词等。代词不仅要与其所指代对象一致,其运用还要符合上下文的语气及逻辑关系。(1) The Smiths did his_ best to make me feel at home . their (1996 . 90)(2) And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game .we (1998 . 95)(3) Now some

17、one at home reads in stead .every one / everybody (1999 . 95)(4) The day before the speech contestA English teacher talked to me . my (2000 . 76)(5) It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain . The three of them were very excited . us (2002. 79)(10) 常用固定短语用错。验证答案。改完后,要回过头来重读一遍全文,查

18、看改过后是否能使语气通顺,时态一致,合乎逻辑。再 次通读可以在初改时感觉不顺的地方集中精力,仔细推敲,使答案更加准确。因为有时就一个句子来看可 能在两个地方修改都说地过去,但在上下文中可能只能在一处修改才正确。所谓固定结构是指英语中一些不能随意更改的习惯表达。如固定短语中的词不能冗缺,固定搭配要前后一 致等。(1) It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home . of (1996. 88)(2) I use to play ping pong a lot in my

19、 sparetime , but. . used (1997 . 92)(3) Some wan ted to see the programme while others preferred ano ther . one (1999 . 91)(4) . but the others spent a lot A time arguing and . . . of (1999 . 93)(5) When I was on the stage the next day, I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf . that (2000 . 80)(6)

20、Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd . a (注:a 为需删去的词)(2000 . 81)(7) Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers nor sisters in any other words, I am an only child . any (any 需为删去的词)(2001 . 77)(11) 句子结构句子结构方面的错误范围庞大,解答高考英语改错题主要可以从以下几方面来思考:1 )句子结构是否完整,成份是否冗缺;2)单词的词性与其

21、在句中的功能是否相符;3 )复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。(1) They A eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of questions .(形容词不能单独作谓 语) were (1996 . 93)(2) I'd like to A your penfriend , and get to know more about your country .be/ become (1997 . 87)(“I'd like to . ”中的“to为动词不定式的标志词,其后必须加动词原型

22、)(3) I live in Beijing , where is the capital of China . which ( 1997 . 89)(关系词在定语从句中作主语,应该用关系代词)(4) What A your favourite sport ?js (1997 . 94)(主系表”结构中缺少连系动词)(5) I look forward to hear from you soon . hearing (1997 . 95)(此句中“ to为介词,其后必须加名词,代词或动名词等相当于名词的词)(6) Play football not only makes us grow up

23、tall and strong but also . . . Playing (1998 . 89)(动词不能作主语)(7) Also , the sport teaches us the important of obedienee (服从). importance (1998 . 93)(形容词“ importa nt不能作动词“ teaches的直接宾语)(8) I was ofte n a little tired after a day's work and watch TV dema nds very little effort .watch ing (1999 . 88)

24、 (同(6),动词不能作主语)(9) Unfortunate , there are too many people in my family .Unfortunately (1999 . 89)(作为全句的状语,应该用“Unfortunate的副词形式)(10) . but it did n't matter that I would win or n ot . whether ( 2000 . 78)(由一般疑问句演变而来的主语从句,应由whether引导)(11) My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they c

25、an A make sure that I get a good education .to (2001. 78)(此句中“all they can为”all that they can do的省略形式, “to make sure that."为动词不定式短语作目的 状语)(12) . , but we do not seem to get much time to talk about together . about (2001 . 83)(介词“ about后无宾语,此介词多余)(13) It was about noon A we arrived at the foot o

26、f the mountain . when (2002 . 78)(复合句的两个分句之间缺少连词)(12) 赘述高考英语改错题中的赘述是指在一些固定表达中或从上下文逻辑来看用了多余的词,从而使句子表达不合规范或造成逻辑上的重复。(注:带下划线的词为多余的词,即需删去的词)(1) Today I visited the Smiths my first time visit to an American family .time (1996. 86)(2) In fact, they are planning to visit China in next year . in (1996 . 95)

27、(3) First, let me tell you something more about myself . more (1997. 88)(4) We practise for three times every week and often watch football match on TV together . fof (1998. 87)(5) Now I can't watch much television , but a few years ago I was used to watch it every night . much ( 1999. 86)(6) Wh

28、enever I see them I will often think of my English teacher . often (2000. 85)(7) I was so tired that I fell asleep a£the moment my head touched the pillow .at (2002 . 85)(13) 易混的词组易混淆的词既包括词意相同或相近的同义词、近义词,也包括外形相似、意义有别的词组。易混淆词或词 组的辨析也是高考改错题中不容忽视的部分。(1) . but now I am interesting in football . int

29、erested ( 1997 . 93)(2) We must keep in mind that we play for the team in stead A ourselves .of (1998 . 92)(3) Now I can't watch television , but a few years ago I was used to watch it every night . was (注: was 为 需删去的词)(1999 . 87)(4) Unfortunately , there are too many people among my family . in

30、 (1999 . 90)(5) They did not want me to do any work at family ; they want me to . . . home (2001. 80)(6) Do they really understand their daughter ? What things are in other homes , I wonder. How (2001. 85)(7) Evening came down . down (注:down 为需删去的词)(2002 . 83)第二部分:短文改错题的解题步骤和技巧1. 初读全文,了解大意。短文是错误的载体,

31、不去阅读全文,了解大意,就无法找出其中的错误并加以改 正,就好比夜间行路,方向不明,道路不熟,乱闯一通,很难到达自己的目的地。有些考生,考试时怕时 间不够,想省去这个步骤,直接答题,这样固然可以改出一些错误,但遗漏较多,有的是正确的反被改错了,造成不应有的损失。其实短文改错题文章较短,而且大多数文章很容易读懂,通读一遍花上1-2分钟足矣,确定文章用什么时态以及前后使用的人称代词。通读的好处是:读后心中有数,答题有的放矢 。2. 逐句认真阅读并改正其中错误。这里要特别提醒同学们答短文改错题时要逐句认真阅读,而不是逐行认 真阅读。某行中是否有错,应该把该行中各个部分放在其所属句子中去考虑。一个完整

32、的句子,造就了一 个小小的语言环境,句中各部分之间存在着相互依存,相互制约、相互呼应的关系,只有把握了全句,才能发现其中的错、漏或多余的错误。切忌肢解句子,一行一行地找错。急于求成,欲速而不达。对难句、 长句,要从语法的角度对句子成分进行分析,分清主句和从句,分析它们中的主、 谓、宾、宾补/主补、状、表等成分。这类句子中的错误开始时很难发现,甚至出现意思不清、逻辑不通的毛病,可又不知毛病在能 力,经过句子成分划分,了解句子结构,理清思路,问题渐渐暴露出来,才能将错误改正。(注意细节)1 .注意联系上下文,改错中每一个错误都与上下文息息相关2. 注意破行句。很多错误处于此行结尾和下一行首,它们之

33、间往往存在一定的语法或逻辑联系,而考生往往忽略此处。3. 注意是否虚拟。4. 注意是否真理。5. 注意是否时间、空间变换。6. 发散性思维,一词多义,一词多性,一错多改。7. 先易后难。一般来说,行文逻辑比语法错误更隐蔽,不会的要放到最后考虑。&对于不会的题应该采取的办法(左右各给 0.5分)9.注意标记的准确性10 .以句子为单位而不是以行为单位进行判断。3. 复读全文,对短文进行整体观察,发现并改正上下文联系和行文逻辑方面的错误。逐句阅读改错一般只能改出与该句整体格格不入的语法或习惯用语方面的错误。复读全文就是从全文的大局来看各句在整个文 章中是否还有与全文不符、不妥的东西。这类错

34、误本文前面已作了分析,不再赘述。经过以上三个步骤, 短文中的错误就可以全部改出,而某行中没有出现错误,就自然在该行后面的横线上划“V。短文改错题一般较贴近学生的生活实际,以记叙文、说明文为主,重点考察语言基础知识的运用。1常见类型:1) 必有一个是对的。2) 多义词1 2个。3) 缺词1个。4)其他:错词中,名词 1 - 2个,关于动词时态的1个;非谓语动词1个;主谓一致;副词、形 容词、代词、介词、冠词、连词。2. 细节性注意点:(1)名词单复数,是否不可数名词,注意前后的修饰词或结构。(2)动词的时态、语态、第三人称单数、非谓语形式、虚拟、逻辑关系。(3)介词、副词搭配是否得当。(4)形容

35、词与副词的形式是否错用、结构是否正确、修饰词是否恰当。(5)代词的性、数、主宾格。(6)数词是否准确,是基数词还是序数词。(7)冠词。(8)分清简单句、复合句和并列句。(9)分清是何种复合句。(10)句与句之间的逻辑关系。(11)状语从句的连词、时态、虚拟语气。(12)定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词以及主语与谓语一致关系。(13)名词性从句中的连词选择、省略、虚拟。(14)特殊句型。省略、重复与替代。(15) 非谓语动词结构中的主动与被动、一般与完成、逻辑主语、并列与修饰。动词不定式中的省略问题。写作第一部分:高考英语书面表达考察内容高考英语书面表达实际上是指导性写作”(guided writ

36、ing ),该题对写作的目的、对象、体裁及字数都有明确的要求。提供给学生的刺激性材料为文字、图画或图表。因此,高考英语书面表达不像语文作文那样要 求考生自己立意和组织语言,对于此题,考生只要能够按照题目的要求,组织好所提供的材料,用明白、 通顺、恰当得体的英语表达出来,就算基本完成了任务。因此,这是一个相对容易的任务。但是,通过对 历年高考书面表达试卷的分析发现,此题高分者并不多,平均得分值也不高,原因何在呢?高考书面表达 对考生有什么样的能力要求呢?书面表达考查能力1. 灵活运用英语语法、词汇,组句成文,正确表达的能力;2. 审题准确,组织语言材料,安排前后顺序,确定表达方法;3. 能使用好

37、适当的过渡性词语使文段上下承接有序,自然通顺;4. 掌握书面表达各种文体格式,做到规范书写。考查要求为:1)切中题意;2 )语言准确,得当;3)条理清楚。 书面表达基础能力符合题意:高考英语写作有统一命题,有命题就要符合题意,因此写作的第一部就是要审题;高考英语写 作试题一般由内容情景和注意两部分组织。写作要符合题意,就要对试题展现的各个部分作准确、全面地 审读和理解,不偏不漏,不折不扣地按要求写作。哪一项审读漏了或理解有误差都可能差之毫厘,失之千 里。符合文体:内容充实,中心准确:“内容充实”是记叙文要要素完整;议论文的议论要素明晰,论据充足; 说明文的说明属性清楚。“中心明确”是中心贯彻短

38、文始终,没有笔墨不集中,有头无尾的毛病。语言通顺,结构完整:“语言通顺”要求用词准确、造句正确、句子之间上下衔接、顺序合理、语言通畅。“结构完整”是短文层次分明、条理清楚、有头有尾、有过渡照应,没有残缺不全,主次不分的毛病。 书写规范,标点正确:首先书写和标点运用规范、正确,不写错字,不用错标点符号。其次要字体美观端 正,写字不潦草难辨。书面表达发展能力内容丰富,形象丰满:“丰富”是内容全面的基础上更高层次的要求。“丰满”是指叙事具体完整,有细节描写,有点有面。有文采:词语生动、句式灵活、善于运用修辞手法,语句地道。“文采”是在“语句通顺”的基础上更高的要求。有见解,有发挥:观点表达清晰,有独

39、到之处。应试技巧点拨一.认真审题,明确要求1. 审文体2. 审格式3. 审人称二.紧扣主题,组织要点2004年湖南卷为例,假设你是一位生活在某城市的中学生。暑假打算去乡村度假。请根据下面两幅图提供的信息,写一篇短 文简要说明城市生活环境的不足,重点说明你去乡村度假的原因。注意:1 短文应包括图中所提供的主要信息,并做适当发挥,使短文内容连贯、完整;2 .词数:100左右。其要点就是1“我”要去乡下度假。2.城市存在的问题(如拥挤、噪音、空气污染等)3。乡下的环境(空 气、山、水、树木、鸟儿)4。结尾三. 选词造句,表达准确运用较复杂的结构是提高书面表达得分档次必不可少的措施之一(A) The

40、city is moder n and convenient. There are still some problems, such as polluti on, crowded ness and no ise.(B) Although the city is moder n and convenient, there are still some problems, such as pollutio n, crowded ness and no ise.四. 整理成片,行文连贯常用的过渡表达法:1. 表示增加的过渡词:also, and, and then, too, in additio

41、n, furthermore, moreover, again, on top of that, another, first, sec ond, third2. 表示时间顺序的过渡词:now, the n, before, after, afterwards, earlier, later, immediately, soon, n ext, in a fewdays, gradually, sudde nly, fin ally3. 表示空间顺序的过渡词:near (to), far (from), in front of, behind, beside, beyond, above, b

42、elow, to the right, to the left, around, on one side, outside4. 表示比较的过渡词:in the same way, just like, just as5. 表示对照的过渡词:but, still, yet, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in spite of, even, though6. 表示结果和原因的过渡词:because, since, so, as a result, there fore, the n, thus, otherwise7. 表示目的的过渡词

43、:for this reason, for this purpose, so that8. 表示强调的过渡词:in fact, in deed, surely, n ecessarily, certainly, without any doubt, truly, to repeat, above all, most importa nt9. 表示解释说明的过渡词:for example, in fact, in this case, for, actually10. 表示总结的过渡词:fin ally, at last, i n con clusi on, as IO have known,

44、in other words, in brief, as has bee n stated五. 写好文章开头和结尾六. 计划时间,检查复核考生常见失误及注意事项英语辅导:怎样做好英语书面表达表格提示题一、写作指导英语书面表达题是"指导性写作",要求根据所提供的情景写一篇100词左右的短文.所提供情景的形式有图画、表格、提纲、短文等.其中1996,2001,2002年高考题为表格提示题,应引起同学们的高度重视.这种题型 主要具备以下特点:1. 表格提示题涉及题材广泛,如人物介绍、地点介绍、新闻报道等;体裁多种多样,包括应用文(如书信、日记、 通知、发言稿)、说明文、记叙文等.

45、2. 与看图作文不同,表格提示一目了然,需要表达的信息一览无遗.答题时无须花过多的时间去琢磨写作内容 一般要点不会被遗漏.3. 与汉语提示作文不同,表格中通常是以不完整的汉语句子(包括术语或概括性短语)作为提示的,既能够让考生获得命题人所要求的信息,又留给考生一定的发挥空间因而要求考生具备很强的驾驭语言能力以及较强的语篇整合技能综观表格式书面表达题的命题特点及考试要求,笔者认为答题时应注意以下几点:1)注意格式,避免"填表式”表达.表格提示题虽以表格作为提示,但要求以”短文”的形式(包括不同文体)来表达答题时应注意不同文体的格式切忌将短文写成”履历表".例如在表达人物姓名及

46、出生年月时 ,个别同学将其表达为:Name: Li HuaTime of birth: 1977. 2Place of birth: Liaoning Dalian上述"填表式"表达显得滑稽可笑,显然不符合考试要求.正确的表达应为:My name is Li Hua. I was born in Dalian, Liaoning Provinee in February 1977.(1996高考范文)2)灵活变通,避免"硬译式”表达.首先,表格中的汉语提示简洁凝练,概括性强,表达时切忌逐字逐句翻译,简单罗列提示要点.必要时还要做灵活调整或进行补充.这样做的目的是将

47、所要求写的内容准确、完整地表达出来.如:(1)业余爱好:游泳、滑冰、集邮、流行音乐.罗列表达:Hobbies: swimming,skating,collecting stamps,pop musie.( 劣)机械表达:My hobbies are swimming,skating,collecting stamps,pop music.( 劣)灵活表达:In my spare time I enjoy listening to pop music and collecting stamps. My favorite sports are swimming in summer and skat

48、ing in winter.( 优/1996 高考范文 )(2)内容:白天:上课、做作业 晚上:做作业机械重复式:In the daytime,we took lessons and had to do our homework. In the evening,we had to do our homework.(劣)灵活变通式 :We have to go to school even at weekends and do much homework both in the daytime and in theevening.(优/2001高考范文)其次,遇到较为抽象、复杂的汉语提示时,应善

49、于变通,可采用转换手段将汉语提示中的”雅词妙句”转换为较为通俗的汉语,然后再用地道的英语将其表达出来.如:(1)校园环境幽雅,绿树成荫.转换表达:It is quiet in our school and there are a lot of trees in it. / Our school is quiet with a lot of trees in it.(2)影响:广为人知,深受青睐(某英文报刊).机械表达:The newspaper is widely known and deeply loved by people.( 劣)转换表达 :It is a well-known new

50、spaper,which is very popular with students and English learners.( 优)另外,由于英语与汉语在语序上存有较大差异,在用英语表达时应调整好语序,以避免出现汉语式英语.如:汉语提示:工厂发展情况:近十年发生巨变.错误表达:ln the past ten years the mill has taken place great changes.语序调整:Great changes have taken place in this mill in the past ten years.3)注意衔接,避免"单句式"表达.

51、高考书面表达不同于单句翻译.有些同学表达时只注意了单个句子的完整性,而忽略了句子与句子之间的衔接以及整个语篇的连贯性,致使全文逻辑性不强,可读性差.试比较:原句:60% of the students think that fees should not be charged,.40% of the students think that fees should be charged,.(劣)修正:Opinions are divided on the question. 60% of the students are against the idea of entrance fee. .On

52、 the other hand,40% think that fees should be charged,.(优/2002 高考范文)分析:原句缺少必要的过渡,句式重复,读起来单调、呆板;修正句巧妙地使用了过渡成分,前后连贯,结构紧凑.在表达方式上前后有所变化,因而收到了满意的表达效果.4)注意写作顺序 避免"唯序式”表达.表达时切忌千篇一律,完全按照表格内容出现的先后顺序来写.应从语篇角度统筹安排所要表达的内容.必要时在表达顺序上可做适当调整启的是使全文重点突出,通顺连贯.二、写作实践I. 题目要求: 红星棉纺厂(Ho ngx ing Cott on Mill)是对外开放企业,目

53、前正准备引进外资,扩大规模.下列图表反映出该厂近十年发生的变化请根据下表内容,用英语为该厂写一篇简介,以吸引国外投资者向该厂投资年份15932003工人人数4003000车间数量20Y5年利润¥<000, 000¥ 28,0叫 000产品种类9种20种以上设备情况陈旧_科学、先进注意:1.词数:100左右2可适当发挥,但要合情合理;3.生词提示:invest(投资).II. 写作提示本文可以采用对比的方式来说明工厂情况.表达时应合理使用表示前后对比的词和短语,如but, however,while, on the contrary等.其次,在表达方式上应注意灵活表达,

54、要避免前后重复.1. 确定要点:(1) 工厂发展情况;(2)工人人数对比;(3)厂房情况对比;(4)年利润对比;(5)产品种类对比;(6)设备更新情况;(7)欢 迎外商投资.2. 各要点所用词、短语及句式:("develop / take place / great cha nges / in the past ten years(2) have / there be / as many as. / the nu mber of. is.(3) have / own / there be(4) make money / as much as. / 7 times as much as

55、.(5) there be / produce(6) take the place of / cha nge for(7) be welcome / in vest / foreig n in vestme nt将上述所列出的词、短语等扩展成句.注意时态、语态的正确运用并适当使用一些连接成分将所列的语句连 成完整的语篇.全文应结构紧凑,前后连贯.III. 参考答案Great cha nges have take n place in Hongxing Cott on Mill in the past ten years. It had only 400 workers in 1993, but

56、 there are as many as 3,000 now. Now the mill has 75 workshops,but there were only 20 ten years ago. Now the total amount of money the mill makes in a year has reached as much as 28,000,000 yua n,which is 7 times the amount of 1993. In 1993, there were only 9 kinds of products, but today the mill ca

57、n produce more tha n 20 kin ds. What's more, the mill has got rid of the old equipment and introduced much advaneed, scientific equipment. Foreig n in vestme nts are welcome.I.内容提示:请以"My Hometown"为题,用英语写一篇记叙文,描述一下你的家乡词数:150左右.II. 学生习作:桝击 旳mztj问.Gnrr; * 占.*- jM.血 /i jnUuytAA 寸 fifciri/LfmuA fer 7naa/;t& 九泊y 久上心a厲注 叮m沁 哲7工g礼5.卒w 必刃左:;说 為rwAtififdJj坪 応 rmd:vUfLmrtmx-LLLL" 信坤匸 qd tP瑕涯阁成昭IR舟托 uwTEgrrraxg c/fAEagLj 一 逸 宓时 Ti明Cdu/亦貝卿命疝麵 HMJXT UL诚 maar,i1仇J1血丘» ivtol论ITLWWI血皿t*wi=苟術沪片谢勺平? 曲如廉射函收峦护妇J荻) ft9Nswa:uimg Awczb呃 fcjascr _ f j一氐3 乍

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