初中语法现在完成时

1、不同时间发生的动作，不同时间发生的动作， 动词要用不同形式。动词要用不同形式。名称名称时间时间动动动词形式动词形式一般现在时一般现在时平时，经常平时，经常1.v原形原形 2.v+s/es（三单现）（三单现）一般过去时一般过去时过去（与现过去（与现在无关）在无关）am/is/are+v-ing一般将来时一般将来时现在进行时现在进行时即将，计划即将，计划正在进行正在进行1.will/shall+v原形原形2.am/is/are going to +v原形原形过去进行时过去进行时过去某一时过去某一时间，在进行间，在进行1.v-ed（规则动词）（规则动词）2.不规则动词不规则动词现在完成进现在完成进行

2、时行时过去延续到过去延续到现在现在还还持续持续s/were+v-in1.v. 2.v+s/es（三单现）（三单现） am/is/are+v-ing1.will/shall+v.2.am/is/are going to +v.1.v-ed（规则动词）（规则动词）2.不规则动词不规则动词was/were+v-inghave/has been v-ing1.She works in a factory.2.I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.3.We are going to have a picnic this Sunday.4.They

3、held a sports meeting last week.5.Are you helping your mother ？6.I have been sitting here for an hour.过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行现在进行时时现在完成进行时现在完成进行时1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。和和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等状语等状语连用。连用。2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，常与常与for或或since引起

4、的一段时间状语连用。引起的一段时间状语连用。动词构成：动词构成：have/has+v过去分词过去分词have breakfastI have just had my breakfast.(现在我不饿现在我不饿)Im not hungry nowmoved herein 2004I still live hereI have lived here for three years.I have lived here since 2004/three years ago. nowpast 现在完成时动词构成现在完成时动词构成 have /has+v 过去分词过去分词 助动词助动词否定否定havent

5、hasnt疑问疑问Have you?Has he?. ( English =Chinese)finish,homeworkI have finished my homework.He finished his homework.haventHas heYes,he has.No ,he hasnt.1.翻译这两句话；翻译这两句话；2.第一句变成否定句；第一句变成否定句；3.第二句变成一般疑问句并回答。第二句变成一般疑问句并回答。？have(has)been和和 have(has)gone 的区别的区别Where has he been?Where has he gone?have(has)be

6、en:表示曾经到过某地，表示曾经到过某地，人现在不在某地。人现在不在某地。have(has)gone：表示已经去了某地，表示已经去了某地，人现在在去某地的路上或已人现在在去某地的路上或已经在某地了。经在某地了。翻译：翻译：他去哪儿的？（他已经回来了）他去哪儿的？（他已经回来了）他去哪儿了？（他不在这里）他去哪儿了？（他不在这里）练：练：She has been to Shanghai.She has gone to Shanghai.她成为一名护士已经三年了。我五年前就认识李雷了。那些相片我已经寄给他了。（post）我来到这个学校后，他就一直教我。我刚丢了我的历史书。She has been

7、a nurse for three years.I have known Lilei since five years ago. I have already posted the photos to him.He has taught me since I came to the school.I have just lost my history book.know, knew ,knownteach,taught,taughtlose,lost,lostChinese=EnglishPay attention 注意注意1.现在完成时句中常见的时间状语现在完成时句中常见的时间状语A.表示从

8、过去一直持续到现在表示从过去一直持续到现在,不能是具体过去时间不能是具体过去时间 ( 1).for+表示表示一段一段时间的短语时间的短语 ( 2).since+表示表示过去时间点过去时间点的词语的词语 ( 3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语表示过去时间的时间状语从句从句eg.I have been a teacher _ a year. He has been at this school _ 1992. We have learned 1,000 English words _ we came to this school.forsincesince B.just,already,ye

9、t,before/ ever,never 有此类副词时有此类副词时,常强调动作完成常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续不强调动作的持续. eg.Have you _been to Japan? I have _ finished my homework. I have finished my homework _. I havent finished my homework _.everjustalreadyyet2.区分区分短暂性动词短暂性动词与与持续性动词持续性动词. 表示短暂性表示短暂性(瞬间性瞬间性)的动词在现在完成时的句中的动词在现在完成时的句中不能不能和和一段时间一段时间连用连用.短暂

10、性的动词如：短暂性的动词如：come，go，join，leave，buy等，在完成时态中不能与等，在完成时态中不能与for,since短语或短语或How long等引起的时间状语连用。等引起的时间状语连用。I have bought this pen for two months.I have had this pen for two months.How long have you _ this pen.hadThe teacher has left.The teacher has been away for half an hour .(be away)改错改错How long have

11、you become a league member？ For more than one year.Have you arrived here since last night? Yes，youre right.He has gone to Shanghai twice.How long have been at this school? Since two years.beenbeenbeenagoFor 改写句子改写句子Homework：改写句子改写句子1.My father came back from the bookshop just now. My father _ just _ _ the book shop.2.He began to learn Chinese in 2001. He _ _ Chinese since 2001.3.The film began two minutes ago. The film _ _ _ since two minutes ago.4.He has had the motorbike for two years. Its two years _he _ the motorbike