河北省武邑中学高考英语复习：完形填空总攻略 学案（含答案）

1、.1、 完形填空总攻略做好完形要做到：知晓考察才能，明确完形考点，透析考察方向，查补解题破绽，探究解题策略。（1） 完形填空考察的才能1 上下文语境、作者意图等；2.固定搭配及习惯用语；3.语法知识； 4.词语辨析；5.逻辑推理；6.文化背景和生活常识。 二 纵观考题，明确考点2019 2019、2019、2019年课标全国卷I、完形填空题多角度分析表年份体裁话题动词短语名词短语形容词副词连接代词连词介词短语2019课标记叙文学手语116212019甲卷记叙文交往447322019乙卷记叙文助人为乐85211212019丙卷记叙文身残志坚76311112019课标全国卷I记叙文助人为乐6733

2、12019课标全国卷记叙文教育感悟763312019课标全国卷I说明文厌倦心理49432019课标全国卷记叙文探险经历83351注意： 1所选短文的体裁多为记叙文和说明文，但也不排除议论文的可能。一般为一篇约250词的短文，其内容逻辑性强，文章构造严谨，层次清楚。一般文章首句不设空，并交代相关的背景材料，可挖掘的信息点很多，对整篇文章的理解起着至关重要的作用。 2动词、名词、形容词等实词是考察的主体，突出语篇，考察词汇或短语在语境中的运用。考生只有通过理解文章所给出的语境，擅长运用逻辑推理才能，才能准确进展判断。考察考生灵敏运用所学词汇的才能。 3复习中，同学们一定要注意阅读的广泛性，要特别重

3、视内容贴近生活实际，反映社会现实，描绘亲情感悟，塑造精神信念，表达教育成长，传播正能量的阅读材料。 三透析命题方向，查补解题破绽考察一 语境中的语意联络“考察语境，突出语篇是完形填空命题原那么。语篇是一个有机的整体，基于文章内容，作者在文章的选词和用词方面前后都是严密联络的，而这也正是该题型命题的侧重点。语篇中的语意联络是通过词义选择而建立起来的衔接关系。表达方式有：原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、反义词复现、上义词对下文事物的概括性、抽象性说明、下义词对上文概括词语的详细说明等。典例下面例文中，带星号的题目尤其表达了对“语意联络的考察。2019·高考安徽卷 If you Want

4、 to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a l reason, such as your job or your studies? 2 perhaps you're interested in the 3 , films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a 4 of the language.Most people learn bes

5、t using a variety of 5 , but traditional classes are an ideal start for many people. They 6 an environment where you can practice under the 7 of someone whore good at the language. We all lead 8 lives and learning a language takes 9 . You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to deve

6、lop a 10 .It doesn't matter if you haven't got long. Becoming fluent in a language will takes years but learning to get by takes 11 .Many people start learninga language and soon give up. “Im too 12 ，they say. Yes，childrendo learn languages more 13 than adults，but research has shown that you

7、 can learn a language at any 14 .And learning is good for the health of your brain，too. Ive also heard people 15 about the mistakes they make when 16 .Well，relax and laugh about your mistakes 17 youre much less likely to make them again.Learning a new language is never 18 .But with some work and dev

8、otion，youll make progress. And youll be 19 by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in 20 own language. Good luck! 1.A.technicalBpoliticalCpracticalDphysical 2.A.AfterBSoCThoughDOr 3.A literatureBtransportCagricultureDmedicine 4.A viewBknowledgeCformDdatabase5.A painting

9、sBregulationsCmethodsDcomputers 6.A.protectBchangeCrespectDprovide7.A.controlBcommandC. guidanceDpressure 8.A.busyBhappyCsimpleDnormal 9.A.courageBtimeCenergyDplace 10.A.theoryBbusinessCroutineDproject 11.A.some risksBa lot lessCsome notesDa lot more 12.A.oldBnervousCweakDtired 13.A.closelyBquicklyC

10、privatelyDquietly 14.A.ageBspeedCdistanceDschool 15.A.worryBhesitateCthinkDquarrel 16.A.singingBworkingCbargainingDlearning 17.A.ifBandCbutDbefore 18.A.tiresomeBhardCinterestingDeasy 19.A.blamedBamazedCinterruptedDinformed 20.A.theirBhisCour D. your注：选项中的黑体字为正确答案查。解析：和第4小题的knowledge有语意联络此处举例为生活中的现实问

11、题，因此第1小题选择practical第3小题的literature和下文的films or music构成上下义关系这就是学习的方式之一，因此和第5小题存在例证关系和第7小题的语意联络在于：在“学习语言这个话题语境中，承受擅长语言的人的“指 导是必要的regularly和第10小题的routine都意指习惯或常规和第9小题的time存在直接联络but的转折作用，联络了第11小题和上文的take years和第16小题联络，词语复现注意和第12小题在语意上的比照关系上文的children和此处的adults都是14小题any age的下义词positive和第19小题的amazed都是褒义词和

12、第20小题存在指代关系。总分值技巧 通读全文，把握文章中心和段落中心，围绕详细语境与情节，推敲字词的各种联络。切莫见空填空，前后脱节，顾此失彼。考察二 句段间的逻辑关系行文逻辑是使文章条例明晰、形成一个有机整体的保障。常见的逻辑关系包括文章的构造顺序；句子段落间的递进、比照、过渡、并列、转折、因果、条件、推理等诸方面的关系。典例下面例文中，文中的黑体字表示内容逻辑衔接，带星号的题目尤其表达了对“逻辑关系的考察。 The concept of solitude独处in the digital world is almost nonexistent. In the world of digital

13、 technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be _1_. Solitude can be hard to discover _2_it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have_3_ our culture. The desire to be connected has brought solitude to an _4_ as we've known it. People have

14、 become so_5_ in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted_6_ they'd rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog写博客 ,not only from our_7_ but from our mobile phones as well.Most developed nations have become_8_ on digital technology simply because th

15、ey've grown accustomed to it, and at this point not_9_ it would make them an outsider. _10_ , many jobs and careers require people to be_11_. From this point of view ,technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a _12_ to those who may not want to be able to be con

16、tacted at all times. I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who _13_wants it. Computers can be shut _14_and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be "connected" has many _15_ , as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up _16_ on mountains,

17、 and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people feel _17_ and forced to answer unwanted calls or _18_ to unwanted texts.Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society _19_across generations. Some find today's technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of

18、 anyone's view on the subject, it's hard to imagine what life would be like_20_ daily advancements in technology.l. A. updatedB. receivedC. sharedD. collected2. A. thoughB. untilC. once D. before 3. A. respectedB. shapedC. ignoredD. preserved 4. A. edgeB. stageC. endD. balance5. A. sensitive

19、B. intelligentC. considerateD. reachable6. A. even if B. only ifC. as if D. if only7. A. mediaB. computersC. databasesD. monitors8. A. bentB. hardC. keenD. dependent9. A. findingB. usingC. protectingD. changing10. A. AlsoB. InsteadC. OtherwiseD. Somehow11. A. connectedB. trainedC. recommendedD. inte

20、rested12. A. pleasureB. benefitC. burdenD. disappointment13. A. slightlyB. hardlyC. merelyD. really14. A. outB. downC. upD. in15. A. aspects B. weaknesses C. advantagesD. exceptions16. A. hiddenB. lostC. relaxedD. deserted17. A. trappedB. excitedC. confusedD. amused18. A. turnB. submitC. objectD. re

21、ply19. A. vary B. ariseC. spreadD. exist20. A. beyondBwithinCdespiteD. without 注：选项中的黑体字为正确答案解析： 考察条件关系； 考察让步关系； 考察并列关系； 考察条件关系总分值技巧 对于逻辑衔接的考察落实到字词上那么多以副词、介词短语、连词等形式出现。特别要注意状语从句的连词，表示评注作用的副词以及段落首句和尾句。另外，插入语的逻辑衔接作用也不可无视。考察三 搭配、句型及语法知识词汇的习惯用法或固定搭配，特别是动词、名词、形容、介词等的搭配在完形填空题中经常考察，熟悉掌握这方面的知识有助于进步解题的准确性。因此

22、在解答完形填空题时，除了要考虑上下文的语意联络外，还要从字词搭配、句式构造、语法知识等方面来解读。典例下面例文中，标星号的题目表达了对“搭配、句型及语法的考察。Do you check your work emails when youre on holiday? Do you call your _1_ to ask whats happening in the office even on a day off? To be _2_, I do. When I see no signal on my mobile phone in a shopping centre or no wi -fi

23、 by beach, I get _3_. Yes, Im _4_ to work. Technology fuels our need to stay _5_ all the time. Portable gadgets _6_ us to work from home, _7_ fromthe nine-to-five routine endured by our parents. _8_， they also make it more difficult for us to _9_ and recharge our “batteries. Indeed, not all _10_ wan

24、t us to be connected all the time. German car maker Daimler, _11_， has offered to automatically delete emails sent to employees while theyre _12_. The sender of the email receives a message asking them to get in _13_ withanother employee whos on duty, or to re-send the message at a later date. The r

25、esponse to this service is basically _14_, with 99% of the employees considering it “very good Occupational psychologists have been studying workers inability to relax when _15_ duty. They found a number of people were _16_ because they were traveling with technology which allows them to remain conn

26、ected with work all the time. However, employers and employees alike are _17_ that were more productive if we get the work-life balance right. An app to deal with this problem has been created. If you are worried about spending too much time on your smartphone, this app is to _18_ your usage. The ap

27、p _19_ you if you go beyond a certain limit. Perhaps we should all take some time out to consider _20_ were addicted to work, addicted to technology, or both. Its good to switch off once in a while. 1. A. colleaguesB. relativesC. parentsD. specialists 2 A. exactB. certainC. honestD. positive 3. A. e

28、xcitedB. relaxedC. touchedD. anxious 4 A. blindB. addictedC. familiarD. similar 5. A. devotedB. discouragedC. connectedD. confused 6. A. allowB. forceC. persuadeD. drive 7. A. freeB. absentC tired D. far 8. A. ThereforeB. OtherwiseC. InsteadD. However 9. A concentrateB. continueC. relaxD. succeed 10

29、. A. friendsB. employersC. customersD. assistants 11. A. for exampleB. or ratherC. to make it worseD. just in case 12. A. in chargeB. on holidayC. within reachD. at work13. A. touchB. troubleC. lineD. effect 14. A. specialB. casualC. popularD. positive15. A. onB. offC. withD. at 16. A. cut off B. se

30、ttled downC. burnt outD. put away 17. A. pretending B. realizingC. questioningD. blaming 18. A. completeB. ruinC. control D. improve 19. A. recognizesB. amusesC. confirmsD. warns20. A. thatB. whetherC. whenD. Where注：选项中的黑体字为正确答案解析： 考察短语to be honest 考察短语be addicted to考察短语free from 考察短语get in touch wi

31、th 考察短语off duty 考察名词性从句的链接总分值技巧 “前后搭配在解题时用得最多。首先以谓语动词为中心，考虑动词与介词的搭配、动宾搭配以及句武搭配等，甚至动词能不能与一些副词搭配也需要考虑。判断能不能搭配，除涉及词语的用法外，还需要综合语法知识及常识等来考虑。 高考在设题时为了进步难度，常常把这些固定搭配变为被动形式或者拆开进展考察。做此类题目时，关键要将固定搭配复原。牢记常见的固定搭配，尤其是其中心词，只要在文中出现中心词就先联想其所对应的常见搭配，这样就可以很快得出答案。考查四 生活常识和文化背景解答完形填空，有时文章中提供的信息还不够，考生的英语语言知识和有关世界的知识，都发挥

32、着重要的作用。当对语言的把握不很准确时，可充分利用自己已掌握的文化背景和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，可以根据主题猜测细节，体会文章表达的气氛。这样将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省珍贵时间，顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去。典例1 I said that I didnt know how to get back into town. In silence, he started driving. I ran back to my car and drove behind him. Finally I rcognized a familiar street. As I turned to head

33、home, the car disappeared. Then I _my driveway when the warning light for my gas tank turned on. A. pulled intoB. drove awayC. ran acrossD. fount out 影响这个题目正确作答的关键是对空后面的driveway的含义的理解，driveay指的是the hard area or road between your house and the street，美 从建筑物、车库等通至道路的 私用车道,车道 英drive。而中国家庭大多数是不存在这样的一个dr

34、iveway的。本句意思是当邮箱的耗油警示灯亮起的时候，我也到家了，所以选pull into.正确答案为A.典例2 Salina Joe began to _ when she was one-year old. A. sayB. cryC. singD. talk 根据常识判断，婴儿在一岁的时候应该是开场学说话，而不是学哭或学唱歌，故答案只能在A、D之间选出。又因为say是及物动词，其后面需接宾语，而talk是不及物动词，其后不需要接宾语，故正确答案为D。 典例3 Every morning she would give him breakfast in bed and bring him

35、the paper to _A. check B. read C. keep D. sign 外国人早上有读报的习惯，题中的paper指的是报纸，这是理解本文细节的关键，有了这些文化背景知识，可迅速推断出正确答案为B。 典例4 We arrived in Spain for the first time a few weeks ago. I decided to buy a car because we had sold the one we had in England. . But when I turned into the main road I suddenly saw a lot of cars racing _ me.07 全国卷II. A. afterB. withC. around D. towards 从语篇提供的信息