初高中英语语法衔接——冠词

1、冠词考点及复习要点冠词考点及复习要点 冠词的考查是当前各地高考考卷中的热点，是我冠词的考查是当前各地高考考卷中的热点，是我们复习中的重点之一。冠词的考查以固定结构和习惯用们复习中的重点之一。冠词的考查以固定结构和习惯用语为主，结合考查一些基本规则。所以我们在复习中要语为主，结合考查一些基本规则。所以我们在复习中要注重教材中的语言点的整理，同时对下面的冠词规则也注重教材中的语言点的整理，同时对下面的冠词规则也要引起重视。要引起重视。1、不定冠词的用法比较；、不定冠词的用法比较；2、定冠词的习惯用法；、定冠词的习惯用法；3、零冠词的用法；、零冠词的用法；4、在习惯用语中冠词的用法；、在习惯用语中冠

2、词的用法；一，不定冠词一，不定冠词 a / an的用法的用法1.Rome was not built in a day.2.A car is waiting at the school gate. Im not sure if it is Coras.3.Mary is a nurse . She works in the City Hospital.4.A child not only needs food and clothing , but love as well.表示表示“一一”的概念的概念表示表示“泛指某泛指某“一一”个人或某个人或某“一一”个事物个事物”表示表示“某种身份，职业，

3、地位，国籍某种身份，职业，地位，国籍”表示同类中的表示同类中的“任何一个任何一个”5.The speed of cars in the city is limited to 50 kilometers an hour.表示单位量词的表示单位量词的“每每”思考：思考：“每月两次每月两次”怎么表达怎么表达twice a month ; twice each month ; twice every month ; twice per month . 不可以说：不可以说：twice one month6.The two flowers look different, but they are of a

4、 kind.7.The girl smiles an attractive smile.表示表示“相同的，同一个相同的，同一个”或具有某种性质或具有某种性质用于同源宾语中。用于同源宾语中。8.用于专有名词，抽象名词，物质名词，集体名词前。用于专有名词，抽象名词，物质名词，集体名词前。Eg: I know a Miya , but not the famous one. Working with Jane has been a great joy. A terrible storm struck out village last night. This is a committee , cons

5、isting of eight people.9.不定冠词构成的习惯短语不定冠词构成的习惯短语 看一看看一看 _ 散步散步 _ 休息一下休息一下 _ 试一试试一试 _ 洗澡洗澡 _ 游泳游泳 _ 做出选择做出选择 _ 做出决定做出决定 _ 制定计划制定计划 _have a lookhave a walkhave a breakhave a tryhave a bathhave a swimmake a choicemake a decisionmake a plana bit (of)a kind ofa number ofa piece ofhalf an houronce in a whi

6、leall of a suddenas a matter of factin a hurrycatch a cold do sb a favorhave a gift forhave a good timemake a facemake an effortmake a livingpay a visitmake a mistakea great deala pair ofa majority ofonce upon a timeas a resultin a wordtake an interest inkeep an eye onlend / give sb a handhave a col

7、d / cough / fever / headache / pain1.特指双方都知道的或上文中提到的人或物。特指双方都知道的或上文中提到的人或物。What a pity that you couldnt be there to receive the prize! 2.用在形容词或分词前，表示一类人或物。用在形容词或分词前，表示一类人或物。Many of the injured are still in a serious condition. 3.用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示一家人或夫妇俩。用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示一家人或夫妇俩。I paid a visit to the Turners

8、 last week. 二， 定冠词 the的用法 4.用在方位名词，西洋乐器名词和宇宙中独一无用在方位名词，西洋乐器名词和宇宙中独一无二的事物前。二的事物前。 the east 东部东部 play the piano 弹钢琴弹钢琴 the universe 宇宙宇宙 the moon 月亮月亮 5.用在序数词，比较级（两者相比较，表示特指用在序数词，比较级（两者相比较，表示特指的时候），最高级和形容词的时候），最高级和形容词only ,very (恰好是恰好是)，same 前。前。Its the first time that I have been to China.Which story

9、 is the more interesting of the two?We were the only people there. 6.用于固定结构用于固定结构“动词动词+sb.+介词介词+the+身体部位身体部位”中。中。take sb. by the arm 拉着某人的胳膊拉着某人的胳膊hit sb. in the face / on the nose打某人的脸打某人的脸 /鼻子鼻子 7.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。The foreigners who come to China all want to travel to the Great Wall

10、. 8.用在表示世纪，年代的词前。用在表示世纪，年代的词前。The book was published in the 1980s. 9. 用在表示用在表示“度量衡度量衡”之类的名词前：之类的名词前： Apples are sold by the pound. 10. 用在惯用语中：用在惯用语中： in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening)； the day after tomorrow； the day before yesterday；the next morning； in the sky (water，field，country)； i

11、n the dark；in the rain；in the distance； in the middle (of)；in the end； on the whole； by the way；go to the theatre 但要注意在但要注意在 time, weight, length 等名词前不加等名词前不加 the。 1.不可数名词，复数名词表泛指或类指时。不可数名词，复数名词表泛指或类指时。By getting close to nature, you can really get refreshed.Bicycles are still a popular means of tra

12、nsport in China. 2.名词前已有限定词时。名词前已有限定词时。His car is much more expensive than mine. 3.表示三餐，球类，棋类，学科，季节，年，月等的表示三餐，球类，棋类，学科，季节，年，月等的名词前。名词前。He has milk and bread for breakfast every day.Of all the subjects , I like physics best.Autumn is the harvest season.三，零冠词的用法三，零冠词的用法 4.独一无二的头衔和职位名词作表语，补足语或独一无二的头衔和职

13、位名词作表语，补足语或同位语时。同位语时。Mr. Smith was elected president of our school. 5.系动词系动词turn后作表语的单数可数名词前。后作表语的单数可数名词前。Tom has turned (=become a) professional player. 6.表示交通方式的表示交通方式的“by+名词名词”中的名词前。中的名词前。He goes to work every day by taxi. 1.转化为可数名词的不可数名词前可用不定冠词。转化为可数名词的不可数名词前可用不定冠词。He received a good education.I

14、ts a pleasure to talk with you here. 2.不表示比较意义的形容词最高级前可用不定冠词不表示比较意义的形容词最高级前可用不定冠词或零冠词。或零冠词。Hiking is a most interesting outdoor activity. 3.不表示顺序而是表示不表示顺序而是表示“又一，再一又一，再一”的序数词前的序数词前用不定冠词。用不定冠词。They have a second house in the country.四，冠词的活用四，冠词的活用 4.knowledge / grasp / command / collection / understa

15、nding等一些由动词转化而来的抽象名词后等一些由动词转化而来的抽象名词后接接of时，前面用不定冠词。时，前面用不定冠词。He has a good knowledge of English.Media help us to have a better understanding of the world. 5.独一无二的事物前有修饰成分时可用不定冠词。独一无二的事物前有修饰成分时可用不定冠词。a full moon 一轮满月一轮满月 a brand-new world一个崭新一个崭新的世界的世界 6.表示三餐，星期，月份，季节等的名词表示三餐，星期，月份，季节等的名词前有形容词或表示特定含义

16、时可用不定冠词。前有形容词或表示特定含义时可用不定冠词。I remember it was on a rainy Monday that he left his hometown. 7.专有名词前若有形容词修饰可用不定冠专有名词前若有形容词修饰可用不定冠词。词。We are looking forward to seeing a new Beijing.have a gift forat a lossmake the best ofgo on a dietall of a suddenon the spotat the momenton second thoughtscome firstout of fashionin useunder discussionby forceon boardon the one hand., on the other hand五，冠词的固定搭配五，冠词的固定搭配go to church-go to the