BOOK1Unit5 Nelson Mandela Vocabulary词汇讲解

1、构词法：（1）前缀il/un+形容词 反义词equal-unequal legal-illegalwilling-unwilling fair-unfair（2）名词+后缀ful 形容词hope-hopeful peace-peacefulyouth-youthful meaning-meaningful respect-respectful构词法：（3）动词+ed 形容词devote-devoted educate-educated shock-shocked frighten-frightenedinjure-injured disable-disabled （4）动词+er/or 名词（

2、人）found-founder vote-voter attack-attacker educate-educatorbeg-beggar 构词法：（5）其他devote-devotion nation-national-nationalismguide-guidance violence-violentwilling-willingness educate-educationterror-terrorist-terrorism cruelty-cruelgenerous-generosity curious-curiosity重点词汇（1）quality n.品质、质量of high/low

3、 quality 高/低质量的 这个短语通常放在名词后面做后置定语或放在be动词后面做表语in quality 在质量上the safety and quality of food 食品安全和质量(1)What qualities does a great person have?(2)These are leather goods of high quality.(3)The kitchen oil used in that restaurant was poor in quality.(4)The films that Morgan Freeman stars in are of high

4、 quality.重点词汇（2）active adj.积极的，活跃的 activity n.活动be active in something/doing something 积极做某事be active as作为积极after-class activities 课外活动(1) The Frenchmen are active in fighting against the nuclear weapons.(2) Dong Qing has been very active as an hostess.(3) Nowadays, after-class activities are becomi

5、ng more and more popular in high schools.重点词汇（3）devote vt. 献身于、把投入到devoted adj. 忠诚的、挚爱的、奉献的、(to)致力于的devote ones time/money/life to 把时间/金钱/生命献给devote oneself to. 献身于a devoted son/friend/wife 孝子，忠诚的朋友，奉献的妻子be devoted to 致力于(1) He devoted much of his spare time to sports.(2) Yuan Longping devotes himse

6、lf entirely to _ (develop) new rice.(3) Qian Xuesen was _ to science all his life.developingdevoted重点词汇（4）found vt.建立 n. foundation / founder（人） (1) The Peoples Republic of China was _ in 1949.(2) The year of 1949 saw the _ of the Peoples Republic of China .(3) After the end of the civil war, the po

7、or boy was finally _ by his family.foundedfoundationfound重点词汇（5）attack vt./n. （物理）攻击、进攻；（言语）抨击；（疾病的）侵袭发作attack someone = give an attack/attacks on someone 攻/抨击be attacked by some disease 某种疾病发作（被动）heart attack n. 心脏病发作 He died of heart attack.(1) The newspapers _ _ _ the president because of the new

8、 law.(2) At midnight, the police began to _ the drug dealers.(3) The virus seems to _ _ his throat. 病毒似乎已经侵害到他的喉咙。gave attacks onattack have attacked重点词汇（6）equal vt. 比得上 adj.平等的，相等的，胜任的 equality n. 平等 equal someone in sth. 在某方面比得上某人be equal to. 与相等/平等；能够胜任.equal rights/opportunities 平等的权利/机会(1) Lucy

9、 _ Maria _ dancing. (2) Im sure Harry is _ this job.(3) Nelson Mandela was devoted to making black and white people _(4) Women must battle on until they have gained _.equalsinequal toequalequality重点词汇 （7）escape n./vi./vt.逃脱，逃走，逃避；避免；（气体，液体）漏出，逸出escape from.（prison，burning house 等） 从逃脱，逃走escape from

10、reality 逃避现实；sth. escape from ones mind 某事被某人忘了escape doing sth. 避免做.(主动)； escape being done 避免被.(被动)have a narrow escape 勉强逃过一难； make ones escape 逃走了(1) The man escaped.= The man made his escape.(2) More and more oil are escaping from the East China Sea, which pollutes the sea badly.(3) The boy who

11、 cheated in the exam escaped _ /_ _(punish)。punishmentbeing punished重点词汇（8）sentence n. 句子 vt. 判刑sentence sb. to death 判处某人死刑sentence sb. to one years（所有格） imprisonment（名词）= sentence sb. one year in prison 判处某人一年监禁sentence sb to five years hard labour 判处某人五年劳役The judge sentenced the drunk driver to three years in prison. 改成被动the drunk driver was sentenced to three years in prison by the judge.= three years imprisonment比较： fee & fareschool fees学费 boarding fees寄宿费 lawyers fees律师的收费 vets fees兽医的收费pay expensive fees for clubs 缴纳昂贵的费用参加俱乐部比较： reward & awardreward sb. with sth.