八年级下册英语重要知识点归纳

1、八年级下册英语重要知识点归纳M1重要语法：感官性系统词：feel（摸起来）、look（看起来）、smell（闻起来）、taste（尝起来）sound（听起来），后接形容词作表语，不能接副词。构成疑问句或否定句要借助助动词。Thesilkdressfeelssoft.Theflowerslookverybeautiful.Doesitsmellnice?Thesongdoesn'tsoubenoisy.2.Whatadelicioussmell!多么香啊！对名词或名词短语感叹用what感叹句结构：What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+（主语+谓语）！-Whataninterestin

2、gbookitis!What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+（主语+谓语）！Whatbadweatheritistoday!Whatgoodstudentstheyare!对形容词、副词或动词感叹用howHow+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！Howfastheisrunning!Howdelicious让smells!HowImissthedayswespenttogether!我多么怀念我们一起度过的日子！1.I'mafraid+f:恐怕I'mafrahehasnotimetoday.4 .bedone做好了ls_yourhomeworkdone?:的作业做好了吗？Dinneri

3、sdone!晚饭做好了！5 .haveatry试一试；尝一尝6 .haveasweettooth喜好甜食7 .thanksfor=thankyoufor+名词/动词-ing。因而感谢你。Thanksforyourhelp.=Thanksforhelpingme.Thankyouforinvitingmetoyourparty.8 .hearfrom=get/receivealetterfromfc至U的来信？9 .can'twaittodosthf及待去做某事Ican'twaittoseeyou.10 .人+spend+时间（in）doingsth.。=Ittakes+人+时间

4、+todosth.某人花费多少时间做某事Hespenttwodays（in）readingthenovel.=Ittookhimtwodaystoreadthenovel.11 .too也（置于旬末，前加逗号）also也（置于居中be或情态动词之后）aswell也（置于旬末，前不加逗号）12 .beproudof以.为彖Myparentsareproudofme.13 .Howdoyoufeelabout+名词/动词-ing?=Whatdoyouthinkof+名词/动词-ing?你觉得？怎么样？Howdoyoufeelaboutthefilm?=Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm

5、?HowdoyoufeelaboutcomingtoChina?=WhatdoyouthinkofcomingtoChina?14 .bbeafraidof+名词/动词-ing:害/怕,amafaidofdog/goingoutatnight.bbeafraidofdoingsth尸beafraidtodosth.害T。做某事.Sheisafraidofsleepingaloneatnight尸Sheisafraidtosleepaloneatnight.15 .Whatdoessb.looklike?某人长得怎么样（问外表）J答：short/tall/young/prettyIWhatiss

6、blike?某人性格怎么样？（问性格或品质）答:quiet/nice/strict/kind.-WhatdoesyourEnglishteacherlooklike?-Heistallwithpairofglasses.-WhatisyourEnglishteacherlike?-Heisstrictbutfriendly.M2重要语法：现在完成时（一）：描述过去已经、曾经或还没有做过某事的经历或体验,对现在造成的影响。结构：have/has+动词过去分词（否定）haven't/hasn'动词过去分词含义：已经/曾经彳过一还没有做过一标志词：already>ever、ne

7、ver、yet、just等。Ihaveseenthemovie.我已经看过这部电影。（我现在了解该电影了。）Hehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.他已经完成了作业。（他可以交作业了）Wehaven'thaddinneryet.们还没有吃晚饭。（我4现在饿）Haveyoueverenteredaspeakingcompetition?你曾经参力口过演讲比赛吗?（变一般疑问句把have/has提到句首）Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't.2. enteracompetition=takepartinacompetition参力口兑赛3. help

8、sb.（to）dosth.帮助某人做某事HeoftenhelpsmelearnEnglish.4. faffordsth.买得起某物Ican'taffordthenewbike.laffordtodosth.付得起钱去做某事=haveenoughmoneytobuysth.Shecan'taffordtogotoschool钱去上学。5. /stoptodosth.=stopandthendosth.停下来去做某事1 stopdoingsth.停止做某事I'mtired.Let'sstoptohavemres让我们停下来休息一下吧！It'stimefor

9、classnow.Let'上sWtopJtOlkng.让我们不要讲话了！6. makeup编写makeupastory编故事make计/themup（代词要放中间）7.invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某不8. Ififteen-year-old十五岁的（复合形容词中的名词不能加s作定语）Cfifteenyearsold十五岁（短语,不能作定语,常作表语）Heisfifteenyearsold.=Heisafifteen-year-oldboy.9. atthemoment=now此刻（常用于现在进行时中）10. have/hasbeento+某地：曾经去过某地（人已经回来,

10、常与次数连用）hhave/hasgoneto+某地：到某地去了（人未回，不能与次数连用）1have/hasbeenin+某地：在某地呆/逗留（常与for+时间段连用）IhavebeentoHongKongtwice.Heisn'therenow.HehasgonetotheUSA.WehavebeeninChinafor20years.11. bedifferentfrom与？不？同12. findit+形容词+todosth.发现做某事是一的（it是形式宾语，无义，替代我发现学数学很容易。托尼发现说汉语很难。So far I have learnt 3,000 English后面不定

11、式）Ifinditeasytolearnmaths.TonyfindsithardtospeakChinese.13. sofar到目前为止（常用于现在完成时）words.14. allovertheworld=aroundtheworld全世界15. countdown倒数M31. already已经（常用于现在完成时肯定句句中或句末）IhavealreadyknownhimHasitarrivedyet_?,yet尚，还（常用于现在完成时否定句或疑问句句末）Ijust刚刚（常用于现在完成时肯定句句中）Theyhavejustarrived.2. Whatareyourupto?=Whata

12、reyoudoing?你在忙什么？2.1 ,mnotsUlow/tomakeit.二I,mnotshowIcanmakeit4 .That,swhy就是.的原因了。5 .Jinorderto+动词原形：为了Heworkssohardinordertogetthebestscore.sothat+句子-inorderthat+句子：为了Heworkssohardsothat（inorderthat）hecangetthebestscore.6 .jthereis-（现在完成时形式）therehasbeen已经有/存在Ithereare-（现在完成时形式）therehavebeen已经有/存在Th

13、erehavebeenmanybuildingsinourvillagesince15yearsago.7 .goaround围绕.转8 .noneof+名词复数/宾格+动词（单/复形）：?没有一个（既指人也指物）Inoone+动词（单）=nobody（仅指人，不与of连用，常用于who提出的问题）Noneofthestudentsknow（s）theanwer.没有个学生知道答案。-Howmanypeoplearethereintheroom?-None.个也没有（强调数量）Nooneknowstheanswer.Who'intheclassroom?-Noone.没有人（强调有没9

14、 .becalled被称为.10.asmallpartof的一小部分"communicatewith与联系12.finishdoingsth.完成做某事13.writeback回缶M4重要语法：1.现在完成时（二）：描述一个动作或状态从过去持续到现在乃至将来有多长时何。常与“for+寸间段/since+时间点”、sofar、recently（最近）、inthelast10years（最近十年）等表示持续的时间连用，也用于how10ng问句中。IhavelearntEnglishfor6years.Hehaslivedheresincehewasborn.Chinahaschanged

15、alotinthelast30years.How10nghaveyoulearntEnglish?特别注意：在现在完成时（二）中,与“for十寸间段/since+时间点”或howlong问句中,动词必须为可延续性动词（learn,stay,live）,不？能为短暂1性动词（buy,borrow,die若1为短暂性动词则要转换成延续性动词或短语。如：buy-haveborrowkeep/haveleavebe away diebe deadcome/go/reach beinjointhepartybeintheparty错误：Ihaveboughtthebikefor3days.（buy为短暂

16、性动词,不能与for+时间段连用）正确：Ihavehad/keptthebikefor3days.（将buy改为延续性动词have2 .（问）-Howlong?多久？.?（答）-For+时间段/since+时间点。Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?你这样多久了？Ihavebeen川foraboutthreedays.我生病大约二天了o3 .catchacold感冒haveafever发烧takeone'stemperature!某人的体温doexercise锻炼fastfood快餐notusually不经常threetimesaday天三次4 .beharmfult

17、o对？有害Playingcomputergamesisharmfultoyoureyes.5 .bydoing通过做？.decide（not）todosth.决心（不）做某事inexcellent/badcondition身体状况良好/差ridetowork=gotoworkbybike骑车上班arriveat/in=getto=reach至U达withasmileonone'面sfac脸goforarun去跑步feelawful感到不适allover浑身；遍及6 .tooto而不能.Theboyistooyoungtogojoschool.7 .choosesb.todosth选择某

18、人去干某事ontheway在路上M51.1 t'stimeztoi（）dosth.nt'stimefo司）sth.该做某事的时候了s timelOss.games.dinner?而战It'stimetohaveclass.=Itplaygames.=eatdinner.=2. fight（foughtfoutht）sb.打某人fightwithsb.与某人打架fightfor为3. flythrough飞越climbup爬上4. Iwanttobesomeonelikehim.我想成为想他那样的人。5. keepdoingsomething不断做某事keepsb.doi

19、ngsth.让某人,直做某事keepsbfromdoingsth.=stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事Keeptrying,andyoullsucC城劭）.不断尝试，你就会成功！6. can'thelpdoinsth.情不自禁做某事Shecouldn'thelpcryiwhensheheardthenews.Ican'thelpmissingouwhenIseethephotos.Thelittleboycan'thelpdancinwiththerockmusic.7.over=morethan超过8 .wintheheartofsb.赢得

20、某人的心Theboywontheheartofthebeautifulgirl.9 .makeaterriblemess弄得团糟10 .expecttodosth.期待做某事Iexpecttoseeyousoon.11 .eversince+句子（一般过去时）常用于现在完成时）Wehaveknowneachothereversincewewereyoung.12 .Jinthe1980s在二十世纪八十年代jin1980在1980年（没有the和s）13 .findreallifehardtounderstand=findithardtounderstandrealhard发现现实生活难以理解f

21、ind+宾格+形容词+todo?二findit形容词+todo+宾格：发现做？是？的14 .aswellas=with/andalso和；以及；也；像一样好HecanspeakEnglishaswellasFrench他会说英语,也会说法语。TonyaswellashisparentslivesinChinanow.托尼和他的父母现在住在国。（动词要根据就远原则，与aswellas前的主语人称和数一致）IcanspeakEnglishaswellashim.我的央语说得想他一样好。15 .cometolife复活/恢复生气16 .be popular with sb.17 .几种时态区别:时态

22、收到某人的欢迎谓语动词形式时间often usually sometimeseveryday/week yesterday just now ,last week/year现在完成时：1已经或曾经干过某事，对现在的影响have/has+过去分词already?yet justnever .?过去发生的动作持续到现在或将来有多久。for+时间段、since+时间点， so far, rencently概念标志词一般现在时：经常发生或习惯性地动作般过去式：过去发生的动作或状态动词原形/三单动词过去式agoM61. takeup占据（空间/时间）Thedesktookuptoomuchroom.Pl

23、ayingcomputergameshastakenupmostofhistime.从事Hetookupartatschool.他在学校教美术。2. findsomewheretositdown找地方坐下3. abitof+不可数名词=alittleofabitoffood/orangejuiceabitofamess有点舌Labit+形容词/副词=alittleabittired/hungry区另:notabit:一点也不notalittle:彳艮/非常4. must一定（表推测）Itmustbereallyvaluable.他一定很值钱。5. as+（形容词/副词）原级+as:像.一样He

24、isastallashisbrother.否定：notas?as不如？?.Tomisnotastallashisbrother.6. inone'库lif家人）一生中7. makesb./sth.+动词原形:使某人/某物做某事Don'makemelough.Thebossmadetheworkerworkforalongtime.类似：letsb./sth.+动词原形：让某人/某物做某事8. growasaperson长大成人9. someother些另夕卜些10. developoneintesest培养某人的兴趣11. aswellas=besides除了？一之外,还包括？

25、.AswellasTom,hisparentscametotheparty.汤姆和他的父母都来参加了这个聚12. encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事13. comeout出版；外出；14. asaresult结果asaresultof由于.尸becauseofHedidn'tworkhaas,aresult,hedidn'tpasstheexam.15. beinterestedin+名词/动词-ing:对感兴趣Iamveryinterestedinmaths.Areyouinterestedindancing?16. sb.spend+时间+doingst

26、h.某人花费多少时间做某事。=Ittakessb.+时间+todosth.Heusuallyspendslotsoftimeplayingcomputergames.=Itusuallytakeshimlotsoftimetoplaycomputergames.M71. preparefor为做准备=getreadyfor2. makealistof歹J.的清单3. getreOdy准备好1.1tsoundscrazy.这听起来很荒唐。5. Idon'tkwoattotake.（简单旬=Idon'tknwwatIshouldtake.（复合句）6. attheendof在？一的

27、尽头/结尾7. Is200dollarsenough?（金钱、时间、距离做主语时，视作单数）50yearsislongtime.100metresisashortdistance.8. hadbetter+动词原形：最好做某事Youhadbetterstayhomeatnight.否定：hadbetternot+动词原形：最好不要做某事：You'dbetternotgooutnow.9. bytheway顺便说一下gocrazy变疯inagroupof20二十人组10. offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.向某人提供某物Heofferedthepoorlotsoffo

28、odandwater.offertodosth.自愿去做某事at the same time同时depend on依赖；取决于sth./provide sth. for-sb.与？ 一结成亲密的友谊stay in touch withTheyofferedtohelpme.11. learnabout了解bewelltrained受过良好培训I14. providesb.sth.提供某人某物=providesb.wiih15. settests安排考试formclosefriendshipswith和保持联系taketripsto至U.去旅行atleast至少fillout填写M81.重要语法

29、：宾语从句：在其合句中充当宾语的一句壬。宾语从句复本模块重点：由that引导的宾语从句，that无义、可省，后接陈述句作宾语。合句二主句+引导词+宾语从句。Icanhardlybelieve（that）we'reinthecitycentreTonyguessesthattheparkisverypopular.Linglingsuggeststhattheyspendthedaythere.Linglingdoesn,ttheirparkwillbebusy.主句和从句的时态关系：主句：一般现在时从句：需根据实际情况用不同时态Shesays（that）sheworksfromMond

30、aytoFriday.（从句为一般现在时）Shesays（that）shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.（从旬为一般将来时）MygrandparentsoftenteJLmetheylivedahardlifeinthepast.（从旬为般过去IXiaomingsayshehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.（从旬为现在完成时）主句：一般过去时从句：一般过去时/过去时的某种时态Hesaid（that）therewerenoclassesyesterdayafternoon.（从旬用一般过去时）Hesaid（that）hewasgoingtotak

31、ecareofthebaby.（从句用过去将来时）Ourteachertoldushehadtaughtherefor20years.（从何用过去完成时）特殊情况：从句描述的是客观事实、真理、科学名言警句等不以时间改变而改变的事实时，不管主句为何种时态，从何总是用一般现在时。Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.他说光比声首传播得快）Theteachertoldustheearthgoes_aroundthesun.（客观事实）Shesaid（that）herfatheris_twenty-eightyearsolderthanher.（客观事实）

32、Myfathertold_us（that）nothingisAdifficultifweputourheartsintoit.（客观真理）注意：当主句的谓语动词是think或believe,宾语从句要表达否定时，要把从句的否定及移到主句上。Idon'tthinkheisgoingtohelpyouwithyourEnglish.Wedon'tbelieveatwehavewonthebasketballmatch.2. hardly几乎不=almostnotHecanhardlybelievetheresult,canhe?（前否后肯）3. so-that如止匕以至于.Thel

33、ittleboyisso_youngthathecan'tgotoschool.=Thelittleboyistooyoungto_gotoschool.=Thelittleboyisnot01denoughtogotoschool.sothat以便；为了=inordertharHegotupearlysothathecouldcatchuptheearlybus.4. hearsb./sth.+动词原形：听见某人/某物（经常/过去）做hearsb./sth.+动词-ing:听见某人/某物正在做Ioftenhearherplaythepianoinherroom.Iheardherpl

34、aythepianoinherroomlastnight.Ihearherplayingthepianoinherroomnow.5. befamousfor因.而著名befamousas+职业/身份：作为而出名Thisparkisfamousforitsjake.Luxunisfamousasawriter.6. allowdoing_sth.允许做某事Theydon'tallowsmokinghereallowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事Hisparentsallowedhimtogooutwithme.allow+that从旬：Heallowedthattheywerer

35、ight.他承认他们是对的7. It'sbetter（forsb.）todo«thi某人来说）最好去做某事。It'sbetterforyoutostopsmoking尸Youhadbetterstopsmoking.8. pointout指出pointat/to指着（近物/迫物）9. atthetopof在.的顶部moveabout四处走动10. promisetodosth.答应做某事Hmisenottodosth.保证不做某事Tmise+that从旬:Mypar

36、entspromisethattheywillbuymeanewshirt.11. haveawonderfultime玩得开/小、magicland仙境squarekilometer平方公里byasmalllake在小湖边wakesb.up唤醒某人12. withoutdoing?没有做,.Wecameoutwithoutmakinganynoise.12.1 Itisapitythat+从旬。真遗,憾,.It'sapitythatyouhavemissedtheparty.14 .walkdownthepath顺路而下15 .putleavesoffplants从植物扯下叶子16

37、.thesecondlargest第二大？；（the+序数词+最高级：第几最？.）17 .fallasleep入睡M91 .重要语法：if/whether引导的宾语从句复合句，if/whether意为是否"，用在将直接引语（说话人说得话）为一般疑问句的简单旬转化为间接引语（转述他小的话）1份合句中做引导词：转化后正将一般疑问句变为陈述旬即陈述语序。基本结构：主句+if/whether+宾语从句（用陈述语序）（直接31语）Areyouateacher?”heasks.f（间接引语）Heasksif/whetheEamateacher.（直接弓I语）“Haveyoufinishedyou

38、rhomework?”theteacheraskedhim.（间接弓I语）Theteacheraskedif/whetheEhadfinishedmyhomework_间接弓I语也就是if/whether引导的宾语从句Hewantstoknowifitwillraintomorrow.Idon,tknwwetherheisathomeornot.注：if和whether一般情况下可以互换使用，但如下情况，不能用if,只能用whether:在动词不定式之前只能用whetherIdon'tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse（拒绝）在whetherornot的固定搭配中&

39、#176;Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.在介词后，只能用whether。IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.宾语从：放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether。Whethe门tistrueornot,Ican'ttell.用if会弓I起歧义时,只用whethero如用whether可避免歧义。特殊疑问词弓I号的宾语从句（what/where/when/which/why/how/howmany-用原来的特殊疑问词基本结构：主句+楙疑问词+宾语从句（用陈述语序）直接引语为特殊疑问句的简单旬转化为间接引语复合句时作引导词，但

40、后面需改为陈述句，即陈述语序。（直弓D"What'syournameMr."Liasksme.（问弓DMr.Liaskswhatmynameis.（直弓D"Whydidheaskforhelp?heasked.（问弓I）Heaskedwhyheaskedforhelp.13问引即为特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。Wheredoeshecomefrom?Idon'tknoWA并句子）Idon'tknwwerehecomesfrom.（合并后，原来的特殊疑问句充当宾语从句，故要改为陈述句，因为它不再是问句了）HowcanIgetthere?Canyo

41、utellme?（合并句子）CanyoutellmehowIcangetthere?（解析同上）注：if/whether和特殊疑问词弓I5的宾语从句复合句，主句和从句的时态与that引导的宾语从句复合句一样，需注意主从句时态的变化。2. mentionsth.tosb.向某人提及某事3. takeamessage（forsb.）:（为某人）捎口信4. 打电话用语：Who'scalling?=Who'sthatspeftkng的？Isthat?speaking）?你是吗？ThisisspeakingCould/MayIspeakto我可以和,说话吗？5. haveaproblem

42、withsb.和某人之间出了问题6. getseparated分开7. explainsth.tosb.向某人解析某事Pleaseexplainthemeaningtome.1 explain+疑问词+不定式：Couldyouexplainhowtodoitwell?explain+宾语从旬：Couldyouexplainwhathappenedthen?8. refusetodosth.拒绝做某事Herefusedtohelpme.9. feel/besureof对?有把握10. fregrettodosth.遗,憾地（要）做某事（还未做）regret-regrettedz-regretted_dIregrettedsclodinghimtheotherday.我后悔几天前责备过他。regretdoing_sth.后悔做过某事（已经做过了）Iregettotellyouthatyouaredismissed.我遗憾地告诉你：你被开除了。11. bepatientwithsb.对某人耐心12. introduceAtoB:把A介绍给B（认识）13. encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事Myparentsalwaysencouragemetostudyhard.14. haveahardtime过的艰难；遇到麻烦15. 从句中某些特殊疑问词的