静态路由和RIP动态路由实验

1、实验 静态路由一、实验性质本实验为设计型实验，实验学时为4学时。二、实验目的通过静态路由方式实现网络的连通性，通过实验掌握路由表的基本结构，掌握基本的路由选路知识。三、预备知识路由的概念，路由表的结构，路由的基本原理。预备实验：路由器的基本配置。四、实验设备R2624（2台）、V35 DTE线缆（1根）、V35 DCE线缆（1根）。五、实验内容1、背景描述假设校园网通过一台路由器连接到校园外的另一台路由器上，现要在路由器上做适当配置，实现校园网内部主机与校园网外部主机的相互通信。2、实现功能设置静态路由表,实现校园网内部主机与校园网外部主机的相互通信。3、拓扑结构六、实验步骤在路由器Route

2、r1上配置接口的IP地址和串口上的时钟频率Router1(config)# interface fastethernet 0 ！进入接口F0的配置模式Router1(config-if)# ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 ！配置路由器接口F0的IP地址Router1(config)# no shutdown ！开启路由器fastethernet0接口!Router1(config)# interface serial 0 ！进入接口S0配置模式Router1(config-if)# ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0

3、！配置路由器接口S0的IP地址Router1(config-if)#clock rate 64000 ！配置Router1的时钟频率（DCE）Router1(config)# no shutdown ！开启路由器fastethernet0接口验证测试：验证路由器接口的配置Router1#show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0 172.16.1.1 YES manual up upSerial0 172.16.2.1 YES manual down downSeria

4、l1 unassigned YES unset administratively down downRouter1#show interface serial 0Serial0 is down, line protocol is down Hardware is HDLC4530A Internet address is 172.16.2.1/24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 2048 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (

5、10 sec) Last input never, output never, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair Output queue: 0/64/0 (size/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/0 (active/max active) Reserved

6、 Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 0 broadcasts 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns 0

7、 output errors, 0 collisions, 8 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 0 carrier transitions DCD=down DSR=down DTR=down RTS=down CTS=down在路由器Router1上配置静态路由Router1(config)#ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2或：Router1(config)#ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0

8、serial 0验证测试：验证Router1上的静态路由配置Router1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2Gateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0C 17

9、2.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0S 172.16.3.0/24 1/0 via 172.16.2.2在路由器Router2上配置接口的IP地址和串口上的时钟频率Router2(config)# interface fastethernet 0 ！进入接口F0的配置模式Router2(config-if)# ip address 172.16.3.2 255.255.255.0 ！配置路由器接口F0的IP地址Router2(config)# no shutdown ！开启路由器fastethernet0接口!Router2(config)# inte

10、rface serial 0 ！进入接口S0配置模式Router2(config-if)# ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0 ！配置路由器接口S0的IP地址Router2(config)# no shutdown ！开启路由器fastethernet0接口验证测试：验证路由器接口的配置Router2#show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0 172.16.3.2 YES manual up upSerial0 172.16.2.2

11、 YES manual up upSerial1 unassigned YES unset administratively down downRouter2#show interface serial 0Serial0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is HDLC4530A Internet address is 172.16.2.2/24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 2048 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not se

12、t, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input never, output never, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair Output queue: 0/64/0 (size/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/0 (active/ma

13、x active) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 0 broadcasts 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 0 packets output, 0 by

14、tes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 8 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 0 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up在路由器Router2上配置静态路由Router2(config)#ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.1或：Router2(config)#ip route 172.16.1.0 255.25

15、5.255.0 serial 0验证测试：验证Router2上的静态路由配置Router2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2Gateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, FastEther

16、net0C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0S 172.16.1.0/24 1/0 via 172.16.2.1测试网络的互连互通性。C:>ping 172.16.3.22 ！从PC1 ping PC2 Pinging 172.16.3.22 with 32 bytes of data:Reply from 172.16.3.22: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126Reply from 172.16.3.22: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126Reply from 172.16.3.22

17、: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126Reply from 172.16.3.22: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126C:>ping 172.16.1.11 ！从PC2 ping PC1Pinging 172.16.1.11 with 32 bytes of data:Reply from 172.16.1.11: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126Reply from 172.16.1.11: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126Reply from 172.16.1.11: bytes=3

18、2 time<10ms TTL=126Reply from 172.16.1.11: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126【注意事项】如果两台路由器通过串口直接互连，则必须在其中一端设置时钟频率（DCE）。【参考配置】Router1#show running-config ! 显示路由器Router1的全部配置Building configuration.Current configuration:version 6.14(2)hostname "Router1"ip subnet-zerointerface FastEthernet0 ip a

19、ddress 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0interface Serial0 ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0 clock rate 64000interface Serial1 no ip address shutdown!voice-port 0voice-port 1voice-port 2voice-port 3ip classlessip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2line con 0line aux 0line vty 0 4 loginendRouter2#show

20、running-config ! 显示路由器Router2的全部配置Building configuration.Current configuration:version 6.14(2)hostname "Router2"ip subnet-zerointerface FastEthernet0 ip address 172.16.3.2 255.255.255.0interface Serial0 ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0interface Serial1 no ip address shutdown!voice-port

21、0voice-port 1voice-port 2voice-port 3ip classlessip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.1line con 0line aux 0line vty 0 4 loginend实验 简单动态路由协议RIP V1基本实验一、实验性质本实验为设计型实验，实验学时为4学时。二、实验目的掌握在路由器上配置RIP V1路由协议的方法，通过实验掌握RIP V1路由协议的原理。三、预备知识掌握路由的基本概念、RIP V1路由协议的原理等理论知识预备试验：路由器的基本配置，静态路由四、实验设备R2624路由器(2台)、

22、V35DCE（1根）、V35DTE（1根）。五、实验内容1、背景描述假设校园网通过一台路由器连接到校园外的另一台路由器上，现要在路由器上做适当配置，实现校园网内部主机与校园网外部主机的相互通信。本实验以2台R2624路由器为例，路由器分别命名为Router1和Router2，路由器之间通过串口采用V35 DCE/DTE电缆连接，DCE端连接到Router1（R2624）上。PC1的IP地址和缺省网关分别为172.16.1.11和172.16.1.1，PC2的IP地址和缺省网关分别为172.16.3.22和172.16.3.2 ，网络掩码都是255.255.255.0 。2、实现功能在RIP V

23、1下 ，实现校园网内部主机与校园网外部主机的相互通信。3、拓扑结构六、实验步骤1. 在路由器Router1上配置接口的IP地址和串口上的时钟频率。Router1(config)# interface fastethernet 0 ！进入接口F0的配置模式Router1(config-if)# ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 ！配置路由器接口F0的IP地址Router1(config-if)# no shutdown ！开启路由器fastethernet0接口!Router1(config)# interface serial 0 ！进入接口S0配置模式R

24、outer1(config-if)# ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0 ！配置路由器接口S0的IP地址Router1(config-if)#clock rate 64000 ！配置Router1的时钟频率（DCE）Router1(config-if)# no shutdown ！开启路由器serial 0接口验证测试：验证路由器接口的配置和状态Router1#show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0 172.16.1.1 YES

25、manual up upFastEthernet1 unassigned YES unset administratively down downFastEthernet2 unassigned YES unset administratively down downFastEthernet3 unassigned YES unset administratively down downSerial0 172.16.2.1 YES manual down downSerial1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down注：串口Serial0

26、的链路层状态是down，这是因为对端接口还没有配置。2. 在路由器Router1上配置RIP V1路由协议。Router1(config)# router rip ！创建RIP路由进程Router1(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 ！定义关联网络（必须是直连的主类网络地址）验证测试：验证Router1上的RIP V1路由表Router1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area E1 - OSPF external type 1,

27、 E2 - OSPF external type 2Gateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial03在路由器Router2上配置接口的IP地址。Router2(config)# interface fastethernet 0 ！进入接口F0的配置模式Router2(config-if)# ip address 172

28、.16.3.2 255.255.255.0 ！配置路由器接口F0的IP地址Router2(config-if)# no shutdown ！开启路由器fastethernet0接口!Router2(config)# interface serial 0 ！进入接口S0配置模式Router2(config-if)# ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0 ！配置路由器接口S0的IP地址Router2(config-if)# no shutdown ！开启路由器serial 0接口验证测试：验证路由器接口的配置和状态Router2#show ip interface

29、 brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0 172.16.3.2 YES manual up upFastEthernet1 unassigned YES unset administratively down downFastEthernet2 unassigned YES unset administratively down downFastEthernet3 unassigned YES unset administratively down downSerial0 172.16.2.2 YES

30、 manual up upSerial1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down在路由器Router2上配置RIP V1路由协议。Router2(config)# router rip ！创建RIP路由进程Router2(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 ！定义关联网络（必须是直连的主类网络地址）验证测试：验证Router2和Router1上的RIP V1路由表Router2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP D - EIGRP,

31、 EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2Gateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsR 172.16.1.0 120/1 via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:16, Serial0 ！Router2通过RIP协议获得的路由C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0C 172.16

32、.3.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0Router1#sh ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2Gateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthe

33、rnet0C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0R 172.16.3.0 120/1 via 172.16.2.2, 00:00:08, Serial0 ！Router1通过RIP协议获得的路由测试网络的连通性。C:>ping 172.16.3.22 ！从PC1 ping PC2C:>ping 172.16.1.11 ！从PC2 ping PC1【注意事项】在串口上配置时钟频率时，一定要在电缆DCE端的路由器上配置，否则链路不通；定义关联网络时，命令network后面必须是与该路由器直连的主类网络地址。【参考配置】Router1#sh

34、ow running-config ! 显示路由器Router1的全部配置Building configuration. Current configuration: version 6.14(2) hostname "Router1" enable secret 5 $1$CT43$gMntVy1ViUeKqRfmWanw/0 ip subnet-zero interface FastEthernet0 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 interface FastEthernet1 no ip address shutdown !

35、interface FastEthernet2 no ip address shutdown ! interface FastEthernet3 no ip address shutdown ! interface Serial0 ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0 clock rate 64000 interface Serial1 no ip address shutdown !voice-port 0voice-port 1voice-port 2voice-port 3router rip network 172.16.0.0ip classless

36、line con 0line 1 8line aux 0line vty 0 4 password star loginendRouter2#show running-config ! 显示路由器Router2的全部配置Building configuration. Current configuration: hostname "Red-Giant" enable secret 5 $1$TK6E$V8xIZJ40aN1LYoUd27U45/ ip subnet-zero interface FastEthernet0 ip address 172.16.3.2 255.

37、255.255.0 interface FastEthernet1 no ip address shutdown ! interface FastEthernet2 no ip address shutdown ! interface FastEthernet3 no ip address shutdown!interface Serial0 ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0interface Serial1 no ip address shutdown!router rip network 172.16.0.0ip classlessline con 0

38、line aux 0line vty 0 4 password star loginend实验 改进的路由协议RIP V2基本实验一、实验性质本实验为设计型实验，实验学时为4学时。二、实验目的掌握在路由器和三层交换机上配置RIP V2，从而实现网络的互连互通，实现信息的共享和传递。通过实验掌握RIP V2路由协议的原理。三、预备知识掌握路由的基本概念、RIP V2路由协议的原理等理论知识。预备试验：RIP Version 1路由协议基本配置。四、实验设备R2624（2台）、V35DCE（1根）、V35DTE（1根）。五、实验内容1、背景描述假设校园网通过一台路由器连接到校园外的另一台路由器上，

39、现要在路由器上做适当配置，实现校园网内部主机与校园网外部主机的相互通信。本实验以2台R2624路由器为例，路由器分别为Router1和Router2，路由器之间通过串口采用V35 DCE/DTE电缆连接。将电缆的DCE端连接到Router1的串口Serial 0上，PC1的IP地址和缺省网关分别为172.16.1.11和172.16.1.1，PC2的IP地址和缺省网关分别为172.16.3.22和172.16.3.2，网络掩码都是255.255.255.0。2、实现功能在RIP V2下 ，实现校园网内部主机与校园网外部主机的相互通信。3、拓扑结构六、实验步骤1. 在路由器Router1上配置接

40、口的IP地址和串口上的时钟频率，输入如下代码：Router1(config)# interface fastethernet 0 ！进入接口F0的配置模式Router1(config-if)# ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 ！配置路由器接口F0的IP地址Router1(config-if)# no shutdown ！开启路由器fastethernet0接口!Router1(config)# interface serial 0 ！进入接口S0配置模式Router1(config-if)# ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.2

41、55.0 ！配置路由器接口S0的IP地址Router1(config-if)#clock rate 64000 ！配置Router1的时钟频率（DCE）Router1(config-if)# no shutdown ！开启路由器serial 0接口验证测试：验证路由器接口的配置 Router1#show ip interface brief 显示如下：Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0 172.16.1.1 YES manual up upFastEthernet1 unassigned YES unset

42、administratively down downFastEthernet2 unassigned YES unset administratively down downFastEthernet3 unassigned YES unset administratively down downSerial0 172.16.2.1 YES manual up downSerial1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down2. 路由器Router1上配置RIP V2路由协议，输入如下代码：Router1(config)# router ri

43、p ！创建RIP路由进程Router1(config-router)#version 2 ！定义RIP版本Router1(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 ！定义关联网络（必须是直连的主类网络地址）验证测试：验证Router1上的RIP V2路由表Router1#show ip route显示如下：Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2Gateway

44、of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0路由器Router2上配置接口的IP地址和串口上的时钟频率，输入如下代码：Router2(config)# interface fastethernet 0 ！进入接口F0的配置模式Router2(config-if)# ip address 172.16.3.2 255.255.255.

45、0 ！配置路由器接口F0的IP地址Router2(config-if)# no shutdown ！开启路由器fastethernet0接口!Router2(config)# interface serial 0 ！进入接口S0配置模式Router2(config-if)# ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0 ！配置路由器接口S0的IP地址Router2(config-if)# no shutdown ！开启路由器serial 0接口验证测试：验证路由器接口的配置Router2#show ip interface brief显示如下： Interface I

46、P-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0 172.16.3.2 YES manual up upFastEthernet1 unassigned YES unset administratively down downFastEthernet2 unassigned YES unset administratively down downFastEthernet3 unassigned YES unset administratively down downSerial0 172.16.2.2 YES SLARP up upSerial

47、1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down3. 路由器Router2上配置RIP V2路由协议，输入如下代码：Router2(config)# router rip ！创建RIP路由进程Router1(config-router)#version 2 ！定义RIP版本Router2(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 ！定义关联网络（必须是直连的主类网络地址）验证测试：验证Router2上的RIP V2路由表Router2#show ip route显示如下：Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2Gateway of last resort is not set