初中语法精讲--名词

1、Topic: nounTeacher: Wang Kun From : Yang Dong middle school 熟记已学过的名词； 掌握常用名词的数的变化； 掌握名词所有格的构成及其变化； 掌握可数名词与不可数名词的区别及用法。 掌握名词的句法功能 中考考查形式：选择题、单词拼写及选词填空题、完成句子 CHU SAN YING YU ZONG FU XICHU SAN YING YU ZONG FU XI CHU SAN YING YU ZONG FU XICHU SAN YING YU ZONG FU XI 名词的数名词的数名词的所有格名词的所有格名词的变化名词的变化可数名词可数名词

2、不可数名词不可数名词普通名词普通名词专有名词专有名词名词名词专有名词专有名词不可数名不可数名词词普通名词普通名词物质名词物质名词抽象名词抽象名词集体名词集体名词可数名词可数名词个体名词 1）个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：）个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。 2）集体名词：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：）集体名词：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。 3）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。 4）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：概念，如：work。

3、Xianfeng Hubei China the Great WallMing Tombs Tibetthe 2008 Beijing Olympic flowerflowers找规律找规律book booksfactoriesbaby babies factoryleafwolfwolvesleavesknifekniveswatchesboxesbusesbrushes找规律找规律tomatoespotatoesheroesnegroesradiosphotos找规律找规律zoospianos不规则变化不规则变化child-childrenwoman-womenman-mengoose-g

4、eesemouse - micefoot -feetdeersheepdeer，sheep，fish ，li，jin，yuan , mu ,Japanese ,Chinese等的单复数同形等的单复数同形.Yuan 国籍国籍总称（谓语用复数）总称（谓语用复数）单数单数复数复数中国人中国人the Chinesethe Chinesea Chinesea Chinese two Chinesetwo Chinese瑞士人瑞士人the Swissthe Swissa Swissa Swisstwo Swisstwo Swiss澳大利亚人澳大利亚人the Australiansthe Australia

5、ns an Australianan Australiantwo Australianstwo Australians俄国人俄国人the Russiansthe Russiansa Russiana Russiantwo Russianstwo Russians意大利人意大利人the Italiansthe Italiansan Italianan Italiantwo Italianstwo Italians希腊人希腊人the Greekthe Greeka Greeka Greektwo Greekstwo Greeks法国人法国人the Frenchthe Frencha Frenchm

6、ana Frenchmantwo Frenchmentwo Frenchmen日本人日本人the Japanesethe Japanesea Japanesea Japanesetwo Japanesetwo Japanese美国人美国人the Americansthe Americansan Americanan Americantwo Americanstwo Americans印度人印度人the Indiansthe Indiansan Indianan Indiantwo Indianstwo Indians加拿大人加拿大人the Canadiansthe Canadiansa Can

7、adiana Canadiantwo Canadianstwo Canadians德国人德国人the Germansthe Germansa Germansa Germanstwo Germanstwo Germans英国人英国人the Englishthe Englishan Englishmanan Englishmantwo Englishmentwo Englishmen瑞典人瑞典人the Swedishthe Swedisha Swedea Swedetwo Swedestwo Swedesdollarsmeterspounds 与众不同与众不同scissors shoespants

8、glasseschopsticks a bottle of juicea glass of orangetwo boxes of milk不可数名词不可数名词Cake is a kind of food.Tea was made by my brother yesterday .最常见的不可数名词有：advice, baggage, change(零钱), furniture, hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage, money, news, progress, traffic 名词可充当主语、表语、宾语、名词可充当主语、表语、宾语、定

9、语、同位语、状语等等定语、同位语、状语等等The Great Wall stands for the old china. Li Weikang and Maria are students .Look ! They are playing basketball.A banana tree is in front of our teaching building.We the students are helping the old lady.The had supper at that hotel.看例题识所有看例题识所有格格 1. Beijing is the capital of Chi

10、na. Beijing is Chinas capital. 2. This is Mary and her sisters bedroom.Bob and Lucys sister is a nurse.的的 3. These are Toms and Lilys bags.4. She is the two boys mother.5. the door of the room the leaves of the tree 6. the girls name=the name of the girl7. He is a friend of my brothers.看我看我“七十二七十二变变

11、”friendfriendlylovelovely常具有赞美的意味常具有赞美的意味 carehelpcolorfulcloudsun windrainhealthy表示充满表示充满的的dangerous具有具有的性质的性质carehopeless没有没有的的wood-woodenwool-woolenChina-Chinese ChineseJapan-Japanese Japanese Australia-Australian English形容词形容词指点迷津指点迷津 Ten years _(is ,are) short time for me.Ten years _(is ,are) s

12、hort time for me. A pair of shoes _(is, are) under the bed.A pair of shoes _(is, are) under the bed. The number of the students in our school _(is ,are) The number of the students in our school _(is ,are) 2,000.2,000. The woman with two children _( is ,are ) coming The woman with two children _( is

13、,are ) coming here.here. Neither he nor I _(are, am ) an American.Neither he nor I _(are, am ) an American.is isis isis isis isamam指点迷津指点迷津6. Maths _(are, is ) hard to learn for the boy.6. Maths _(are, is ) hard to learn for the boy.7. They are all _( woman, teachers ; 7. They are all _( woman, teac

14、hers ; women teachers).women teachers).8. The population of China _(are, is ) over 8. The population of China _(are, is ) over 1,300,000,000.1,300,000,000.9. There are many _(peoples,people )in the street in 9. There are many _(peoples,people )in the street in summer.summer.10. One of the students _

15、(have, has) gone to 10. One of the students _(have, has) gone to Shanghai.Shanghai.is isis iswomen teacherswomen teacherspeoplepeoplehashas 1.Several _ are talking under the treeAnd they are_. Awoman;children Bwoman;child Cwomen;children 2.How far is your school from here？ Not very farIts about twen

16、ty walk. Aminutes Bminutes Cminutes 3. There are three in my family. A.people B. person C. child 4. Most students can go to college for further in our city. A. education B. information C.science 5. This is bedroom. The twin sister like it very much. A. Ann and Jane B. Ann and Janes C.Anns and Janes

17、C C A A BThe Browns is going to visit China. ( )The Browns are going to visit China. ( )The young is dancing there. ( )The young are dancing there. ( )Physics are very difficult to learn. ( )Physics is very difficult to learn. ( )We have five Germen in this meeting. ( )We have five Germans in this m

18、eeting. ( )This is one of the English-Chinese dictionary. ( )This is one of the English-Chinese dictionaries. ( ) ( ) 1. Please give me _ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 2. This table is made of_. A. many glass B. some glasses C. glasses D. glass ( ) 3.Bill runs fast. He won the _ 80

19、0-metre race yesterday. Aboys Bboys Cboy Dboys . ( ) 4. Some _ came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 5. In the picture there are many_ and two_. A. sheeps; foxes B. sheeps; foxes C. sheep; foxes D. sheep;foxs DDBAC选择填空：选择填空：( ) 6. This is not my ca

20、p, but my _. A. brothersB. brothersC. brothers D. brother ( )7.They write most of their_ in English. A. business letter B. business letters C. businesses D. businesses letters ( ) 8. _are_for cutting things. A. Knife, used B. Knives, using C. Knife, using D. Knives, used ( ) 9. John bought_for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes( ) 10.Excuse me, where is the_? A. mens room B. mens room C. mens rooms D. men rooms BBDAA根据所给单词的正确形式填空：根据所给单词的正确形式填空：1. Different people may have differen