book5unit5词汇及阅读

1、1 n& vt. 帮助；援助；资助帮助；援助；资助2 adj. 暂时的；临时的暂时的；临时的3 vi.& vt. 流血流血4 adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的至关重要的；生死攸关的5 n. 毒药；毒害毒药；毒害 vt. 毒害；使中毒毒害；使中毒6 vt.& vi. 榨；挤；压榨榨；挤；压榨7 vt.& vi. 倒；灌；注；涌倒；灌；注；涌aidtemporarybleedvitalpoisonsqueezepour8 adj. 复杂的复杂的9 n. 典礼；仪式；礼节典礼；仪式；礼节10 n损伤；伤害损伤；伤害 v损伤；伤害损伤；伤害11 n变化；多样变化；多样(

2、化化)；多变；多变(性性) adj.各种各种 各样的各样的12 adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的难以忍受的；不能容忍的 adj. 可忍受的；忍受得住的可忍受的；忍受得住的 vt.容忍；忍受容忍；忍受13 n勇敢；勇气勇敢；勇气 adj.勇敢的；有勇气的勇敢的；有勇气的14 adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的轻微的；温和的；温柔的 adv.轻微轻微 地；温和地地；温和地complexunbearablebraveryceremonyinjuryvarietyinjurebearablemildbearbravevariousmildly15 vi.& vt.(使使)膨胀；隆起膨胀；隆起 adj

3、.肿胀的肿胀的16 adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的牢的；紧的；紧密的 adv.紧地；牢紧地；牢牢地牢地17 adj.(动作动作)稳定有力的；坚定的稳定有力的；坚定的 adv.坚固地；坚固地；稳定地稳定地18 vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待治疗；对待；款待 n款待；招待款待；招待 n. 治疗；疗法；对待；待遇治疗；疗法；对待；待遇19 vt.& vi.应用；运用；申请应用；运用；申请 n申请申请(书书) n申请人申请人 20 n压力；挤压；压迫压力；挤压；压迫(感感) v挤压；挤压；压迫压迫swelltightfirmfirmlyswollentightlytreattreatme

4、ntapplyapplicationapplicantpressurepress.重点短语必背重点短语必背1_ (对伤患者的对伤患者的)急救急救2_ 生病生病3_ 触电；电休克触电；电休克4_ 脱下；起飞脱下；起飞*5_ 榨出；挤出榨出；挤出*6. 反复；多次反复；多次*7. 在适当的位置；适当在适当的位置；适当*8. 若干；许多若干；许多*9. 找到找到*10. 区别对待；有影响；起区别对待；有影响；起(重要重要)作用作用 first aidfall illelectric shocktake off squeeze outover and over againin placea numbe

5、r ofput ones hands onmake a difference aid n.& vt.帮助；援助；资助帮助；援助；资助The family lived on government aid for two years. A dictionary is an important aid in learning a new language. They aided us with money. A good dictionary can aid language learning.First aid is a temporary form of help given to so

6、meone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前给突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。急救就是在找到医生之前给突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。teaching aids 教具教具 medical aid 医疗救护医疗救护(1)give/do first aid to sb. come to ones aid with the aid of sb. with sb.s aid in aid of(2)aid sb.in (doing) sth. aid sb.with s

7、th. aid sb. to do sth. (1)give/do first aid to sb. 对某人进行急救对某人进行急救come to ones aid 帮助某人帮助某人with the aid of sb. with sb.s aid 在某人的帮助下在某人的帮助下in aid of 为了援助为了援助(2)aid sb.in (doing) sth. 在在(做做)某事方面帮助某某事方面帮助某人人aid sb.with sth. 以某事以某事/物帮助某人物帮助某人aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事With the aid of the teacher,

8、all of us in our class have made great progress.在老师的帮助下，我们班所有的人都取得了很大的进步。在老师的帮助下，我们班所有的人都取得了很大的进步。We are collecting money in aid of the people who have lost their homes.我们正在筹集资金来帮助失去家园的灾民。我们正在筹集资金来帮助失去家园的灾民。I continuing her study.我帮助这个可怜的女孩继续她的学业。我帮助这个可怜的女孩继续她的学业。中国派送食物和帐篷到日本是为了帮助那里的难民。中国派送食物和帐篷到日本是

9、为了帮助那里的难民。China sent food and tents to Japan in aid of the victims there.没有车我到不了那个地方。没有车我到不了那个地方。We cant reach the place without the aid of a car.aided the poor girl in星期天我通常帮妈妈做家务。星期天我通常帮妈妈做家务。On Sundays I usually aid my mother to do housework.在一位邻居的帮助下，他设法扑灭了大火。在一位邻居的帮助下，他设法扑灭了大火。With the aid of a

10、 neighbor, he managed to put out the fire.他用钱帮助那个穷乡村。他用钱帮助那个穷乡村。He helped the poor village with money.老师帮我学英语。老师帮我学英语。The teacher aided me in (learning) English.fall ill生病 fall在此为连系动词，意为“变成, 变为（某种状态）” fall asleepfall silentfall in love with sb. fall behind fall into the habit of fall into povertyfal

11、l ill生病 fall在此为连系动词，意为“变成, 变为（某种状态）” fall asleep 入睡 fall silent 沉默 fall in love with sb. 爱上某人 fall behind 落后fall into the habit of 养成某种习惯养成某种习惯fall into poverty 变穷变穷昨晚他生病了，马上被送进了最近的医院。昨晚他生病了，马上被送进了最近的医院。Last night, he fell ill suddenly and was sent to the nearest hospital at once. She had to stay at

12、 home because his son . He the girl the moment he saw her. He didnt want to others in the race. He when he was reading the newspaper. When we heard the sad news, we all .Answers :fell ill fell in love with fall behind fell asleep fell silent variety n. 变化；多样化；多变性变化；多样化；多变性He left for a variety of re

13、asons.We need varieties of information.Everyone arrived late at the party for various reasons.Our customs vary from place to place.a (wide/great/large) variety of=varieties of “各种各样的各种各样的”后后接可数名词复数或不可数名词接可数名词复数或不可数名词 various adj.各种各样的，多姿多彩的各种各样的，多姿多彩的 vary v.不同，变化，变更不同，变化，变更vary from to 从从到到不等不等,在在到

14、到的范围内变化的范围内变化vary from 与与 不同不同 近似于近似于differ fromvary in 在在方面不同方面不同 近似于近似于differ in各种各样的书已出版发行。各种各样的书已出版发行。A variety of/Varieties of/various of books have been published.The weather here varies from hour to hour.swell vi. (swelled, swollen/swelled) 使膨胀，隆起 swollen adj.肿胀的 His face was swollen with ins

15、ect bites. 他的脸因为昆虫的叮咬而肿起来。 His face swelled up with the toothache. 他的脸因牙疼而肿起来。be swollen with/from 由肿胀起来swell up肿起来，胀起来unbearable adj. 难以忍受的，无法容忍的难以忍受的，无法容忍的 bearable adj.可以忍受的可以忍受的bear v. 容忍，忍受，近义词或短语有容忍，忍受，近义词或短语有stand, tolerate, put up withsqueeze v. 榨，挤，压榨，挤入，挤过，塞入She squeezed everything into th

16、e cupboard.He squeezed some juice from a lemon.The dog squeezed through the small hole in the wall.squeeze in/into把塞进 squeeze from/out of从挤出/榨出 squeeze through挤着通过 squeeze in/into 挤进He was so fat that he could only just （挤过）the door.He the hall and saw the famous singer. 他挤进大厅看到了那个著名的歌手。She the wate

17、r the sponge.她把海绵里的水挤了出来。Answers :squeeze through squeezed into squeezed out of over and over again 反复多次反复多次He didnt understand, so I had to say it over and over again. I have told you over and over again not to do that. A book worth reading once is worth reading time and time again.【归纳拓展】表【归纳拓展】表“重

18、复地，再三地重复地，再三地”的多种表达的多种表达 over and again,again and again time and (time)againin place在适当的位置；适当在适当的位置；适当 Hold the bandage in place with tape. 用胶布把绷带固定。用胶布把绷带固定。(1)out of placein place of in the first place 发生发生 就座；代替就座；代替 代替；取代代替；取代(1)out of place不在适当位置；不合适不在适当位置；不合适in place of 代替；取代代替；取代in the first

19、place 首先；第一点首先；第一点(2)take place 发生发生take ones place 就座；代替就座；代替take the place of 代替；取代代替；取代Youd better put things back in place. Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things.你最好把你的东西放回原位，不然很难找到。你最好把你的东西放回原位，不然很难找到。I felt completely out of place among all those smart rich people.在那些精明的富人中间，我觉得自己完全格格

20、不入。在那些精明的富人中间，我觉得自己完全格格不入。 , he has all the qualifications for the job.首先，他具备做这份工作的全部资格。首先，他具备做这份工作的全部资格。The manager will be away on business and Ill take his place/take the place of him during his absence.经理将要出差，他不在时我将代替他。经理将要出差，他不在时我将代替他。In the first placeWhat a mess! Tom, I have told you over and

21、 over again not to leave everything .Ain place Bin the placeCout of place Dout of the place解析：考查介词短语辨析。根据解析：考查介词短语辨析。根据What a mess！可知，此！可知，此处指让处指让Tom不要把东西乱放。不要把东西乱放。in place“在适当的位置在适当的位置”；out of place“不合适，不在原处不合适，不在原处”。答案：答案：Ctreat vt.vi.治疗，对待，款待 n. 款待，招待Which doctor is treating you for your burns?H

22、e treated each of the children to an icecream.Dont treat me as like a child.【固定搭配】 treat sb. like/as 把某人当来对待 treat sb. to sth. 请某人吃treat sb. for 治疗某人某种疾病 It is my treat. 这次我请客。a treatment for 的治疗方法 把某人当把某人当看待看待 认真对待某事认真对待某事/物物treat sb./oneself to (2)Its my treat. (1)treat sb. like/as . 把某人当把某人当看待看待T

23、reat/take sth. seriously 认真对待某事认真对待某事/物物treat sb./oneself to 用用款待某人款待某人/自己自己(2)Its my treat. 我请客。我请客。All visitors to this village were treated with kindness.所有到达这个村庄的游客都受到了友好的招待。所有到达这个村庄的游客都受到了友好的招待。I am now in my twenties, but my parents still treat me like a child.我现在我现在20多岁了，但父母仍然把我当成小孩子一样对待。多岁了，

24、但父母仍然把我当成小孩子一样对待。We are treating Mom to dinner for her birthday.因为妈妈过生日，我们打算请她吃晚餐。因为妈妈过生日，我们打算请她吃晚餐。Lets go out for lunch after work .下班后咱们到外面去吃午餐吧下班后咱们到外面去吃午餐吧我请客。我请客。its my treat essential adj最重要的，不可缺少的，本质的最重要的，不可缺少的，本质的What is the essential difference between the two political systems?Water is es

25、sential to life. be essential to/for对对来说是必要的来说是必要的 Its essential (for sb) to do sth that (should) 是必要的是必要的Its essential (for us) to keep the two groups separate. Its essential that we (should) keep the two groups separate. make a difference区别对待；有影响；起区别对待；有影响；起(重要重要)作用作用It shows that a knowledge of f

26、irst aid can make a real difference.这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。(对对)有有/没作用或影响没作用或影响make some/no difference (to .) tell the difference (between . and .) 辨别辨别/区分区分(与与)Thank you so much for making me feel important and showing me that I could make a difference.谢谢你让我觉得自己很重要，让我知道我可以产生影响。谢谢你让我觉得

27、自己很重要，让我知道我可以产生影响。What you have said will the naughty boy.你所说的不会对这个淘气孩子起什么作用的。你所说的不会对这个淘气孩子起什么作用的。The twins are so alike; its difficult to tell the difference.这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨出来。这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨出来。make no difference to联想归纳联想归纳请写出除请写出除make a difference之外表示之外表示“影响影响”的其他词语。的其他词语。_affect, influence, have

28、an effect/influence on等。等。.单项填空单项填空答案：答案：B1Does he know which team wins?No, it makes no to him which team wins, because he doesnt care about it at all.AdifferentBdifferenceCattention Dexcuse解析：解析：no后接名词，排除后接名词，排除A; attention要与动词要与动词pay搭配；搭配；make an excuse to sb.“向某人撒谎向某人撒谎”，不符合题意。，不符合题意。make no diff

29、erence to sb.“对某人没有影响对某人没有影响”。He always donates money to a poor village school, which (对那里的孩子有重大影响对那里的孩子有重大影响) who can go on receiving educationmakes a great difference to the children therevital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的至关重要的；生死攸关的If the injuries are second or third degree burns, it is vital to get the victi

30、m to the doctor or hospital at once.如果是二度或者三度烧伤，至关重要的是把伤者立刻送如果是二度或者三度烧伤，至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。去看医生或送往医院。 It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要做某事很重要 It is vital that . (should) do . 是十分重要的是十分重要的(从句用虚拟语气，从句用虚拟语气， should可以省略可以省略)be vital to/forbe vital to/for是至关重要的是至关重要的It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要做某事很重要It i

31、s vital that . (should) do . 是十分重要的是十分重要的(从句用虚拟语气，从句用虚拟语气， should可以省略可以省略)Consideration for other people is vital to all of us.对我们所有人而言体谅别人是极其重要的。对我们所有人而言体谅别人是极其重要的。As far as Im concerned, reading is of vital importance in language learning.就我个人而言，阅读在语言学习中至关重要。就我个人而言，阅读在语言学习中至关重要。 we should never lo

32、wer safety standards as life is the most important in the world.我们绝不能降低安全标准，这是至关重要的，因为在世界上我们绝不能降低安全标准，这是至关重要的，因为在世界上生命是最宝贵的。生命是最宝贵的。Its vital that 链接高考链接高考(2012安徽高考安徽高考)Interest is as to learning as the ability to understand, even more so.Avital BavailableCspecific Dsimilar解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：对于学习来说，兴趣如同解

33、析：考查形容词辨析。句意：对于学习来说，兴趣如同理解能力一样重要，理解能力一样重要，甚至更重要。甚至更重要。be vital to .“对对极其重要极其重要”。根据句意可知，应用。根据句意可知，应用vital。 答案：答案：Aapply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效申请；请求；使用；有效He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.他使劲地按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车他使劲地按住伤

34、口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。的到来。把把运用到运用到中；把中；把涂到涂到上上apply oneself to 适应适应 (向向)申请申请 申请人申请人 申请；申请书；适用申请；申请书；适用(1)apply . to . 把把运用到运用到中；把中；把涂到涂到上上apply oneself to 致力于；集中精力于致力于；集中精力于apply to . 适应适应apply (to .) for . (向向)申请申请(2)applicant n. 申请人申请人application n. 申请；申请书；适用申请；申请书；适用What is most important is tha

35、t we should apply theory to practice.重要的是理论应用于实践。重要的是理论应用于实践。She the international school a job as an English teacher.她向这所国际学校应聘英语教师的职位。她向这所国际学校应聘英语教师的职位。If you the job in hand, youll soon finish it.如果你尽全力做你目前的工作，你将能很快地把它做完。如果你尽全力做你目前的工作，你将能很快地把它做完。applied toforapply yourself toa number of+可数名词，谓语用复

36、数，意为可数名词，谓语用复数，意为“许多、许多、大量的大量的”the number of+可数名词，谓语用单数，意为可数名词，谓语用单数，意为“的数目的数目”。例如：。例如：A number of problems have arisen 已经出现了许多问题。The number of colleges has increased in the past 10 years.在过去的十年里，大学的数量有所增加。put ones hands on 找到Almost everyone has ever met such a case where you need something badly bu

37、t you wont put your hands on it at the moment.I want to go out by bike, but I couldnt put my hands on my bike.put away put downput off put out put up with put aside A building in a holiday village of South Korea broke down , leading many people injured. What can we do for the injured before a doctor

38、 can be found?First aid What is first aid?What is first aid?First aid is a_ form of _ given to someone who suddenly _ or gets _ before a doctor can be found. Often the illness or injury is not serious, but there are other times when giving first aid _ can _ones life.helpfalls illinjuredquicklytempor

39、arysave There were 160,000 traffic accidents in China last year, resulting in 34,292deaths. During the double festivals, there were 84,000 accidents which caused 794 deaths.71.16% of the deaths were due to the lack of(缺乏）缺乏） timely first aid.SoFirst aid is important for the victims (受害者受害者), and nec

40、essary for us to learn about.There are many unexpected(意外的意外的) accidents and injuries(伤害）伤害） in our daily life.1. The best way to treat a sprained ankle(扭伤的踝关节扭伤的踝关节） is to: Put some ice on your ankle. Put a heating pad(电热垫电热垫)around your ankle.A. Keep on walking and jumping.2. If you get a noseblee

41、d, gently let your head back to stop the bleeding（流血）（流血）. A. True B. False(It may lead the blood into the throat and easily cause choking（窒息（窒息).3. To treat a choke(哽噎哽噎） you should make him /her spit（吐）（吐） by patting him/her on the back. A. True B. False4. To treat a bleeding, you should put a ban

42、dage（绷带）（绷带） on the wound and apply pressure（压力（压力） to reduce the bleeding. A. True B. False5. To treat a broken arm, you: A. move the broken bone in no time(立刻）立刻）. B. keep the arm still using a sling（悬带）悬带） to support the broken arm Fast Reading In which order are these topics covered in the text?

43、 Number them from 1 to 5._ the three types of burns_ what to do if someone gets burned_ the purpose of skin_ the symptoms of burns_ how we get burns35142First Aid For BurnsThe functions of the skin: Protect you against _, _ and _; 2) Keep you _ or _; 3) Prevent your body from _ _; 4) Give you _.losi

44、ng toosense of touchwarmcooldiseasespoisons the suns harmful raysPart 1Detailed Readingmuch waterPart 1: The purpose of skinThere are _ layers of skin.threeThe skin is the _ organ, and also very _. largestessentialCareful Readingthe top layerthe second layerthe third layer tissue under the skinnerve

45、steamfirethe sunelectricitychemicalshot liquidsradiationPart 2 Causes of burnsTypes of burns Part 3second degree burnsfirst degree burnsthird degree burnsthe top layer of the skinthe top and the second layer of the skinall three layers of the skinWhich layer of the skin does the 3 types of burns aff

46、ect?Crough, red and swollen with blistersdry, red andmildly swollenblack and white and charredsecond degree burnsfirst degree burns third degree burnsCharacteristics of burnsPart 4BACharacteristicsTake off clothing and jewelry near the burns.Cool the first/second degree burns with cool but not icy w

47、ater.Remove the clothing that is stuck to the burns.Place cool, clean wet cloths on the first degree burns.Put cool water on third degree burns.Dry the burned area gently.7. Cover the burned area with a dry clean bandage.8. Put butter, oil, ointment on burns.9. Keep the burned area higher than the h

48、eart, if possible.10. Rub the burns11. Get the victim to the doctor or hospital, if the injuries are second or third degree burns. Dos or Dos or DontsDontsFirst aid treatmentPart 5 _ clothing and jewelry near the burns. _ the burns with cool but not icy water. _ cool, clean wet cloths on the burns.

49、_ the burned area gently.5. _ the burned area with a dry clean bandage.6. _ the burned area _ than the heart, if possible.7. _ the victim _ the doctor or hospital, if the injuries are second or third degree burns.Take offCool Place Dry DosDosFirst aid treatmentPart 5Cover Keep higherGet toDontsDonts Do not _ the clothing that is stuck to the burns.2. Do not cool the burns with _ water.3. Do not put cool water on _ degree burns.